實(shí)例講解如何破解雅思聽(tīng)力單選題

雅思聽(tīng)力單選題一、以問(wèn)句形式出現(xiàn)的單選題

此類單選題以WH QUESTION(who, when, what, where, why, how等)形式出現(xiàn)，由于選擇對(duì)象明確，此類題目相對(duì)容易做，在做題過(guò)程中應(yīng)注意干擾方向。

例1：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 1 Question 3

Who did Peter talk to at the bank?

A. an old friend

B. an American man

C. a German man

解析：通過(guò)讀題干可得知選擇對(duì)象是某個(gè)人，并且出現(xiàn)了地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)at the bank，由此圈定事件的發(fā)生地。由選項(xiàng)可得知答案可能出現(xiàn)人物的國(guó)籍干擾因素。原文為He is a tourist, from New York. 由此可判斷選擇B選項(xiàng)。

例2：Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 2 Question 11

When is this year’s festival being held?

A. 1-13 January

B. 5-17 January

C. 25-31 January

解析：通過(guò)讀題干可得知選擇對(duì)象是時(shí)間，并且明顯是時(shí)間段。this year’s festival限定了選擇對(duì)象的時(shí)間范圍，所以在文中可能出現(xiàn)時(shí)間上的干擾。原文中首先提到在過(guò)去幾年中時(shí)間都是定在5日到17日左右，因此可排除B選項(xiàng)，接著說(shuō)this year, they’ve put it at the end of the month, 盡管沒(méi)有提到具體時(shí)間，但顯然應(yīng)該選擇C選項(xiàng)。

例3：Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 2 Question 12

What will the reviewer concentrate on today?

A. theatre

B. dance

C. exhibition

解析：通過(guò)讀題干可得知選擇對(duì)象是一個(gè)事物，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)today的出現(xiàn)說(shuō)明題目中可能存在時(shí)間上的干擾，我們要選擇的是評(píng)論家當(dāng)天要介紹的，而不是其他時(shí)間要講的。原文中三個(gè)選項(xiàng)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了，但隨后的信息中又提到in today’s report, I’m looking at some of the theatrical events that you might like to see. 由theatrical events可得知應(yīng)選擇A選項(xiàng)。

雅思聽(tīng)力單選題二、非問(wèn)句形式出現(xiàn)的單選題

此類選擇題相對(duì)復(fù)雜一些，選擇對(duì)象不明顯，需根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)意思尋找題目思路。此類選擇題選項(xiàng)也相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)也比較長(zhǎng)，比較復(fù)雜，容易受干擾因素影響。雅思中國(guó)網(wǎng)海外考試研究中心總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這類題目雅思?？嫉闹饕幸韵聨最悾?/p>

1. 概念解釋：考試中常常會(huì)就文中提到的某些概念或名詞作一些解釋，這些概念通常是不熟悉的，或者很容易產(chǎn)生誤解的。此類題目通常會(huì)以從句的形式出現(xiàn)，如…is who…/…is when…./…is that…./being…is….或者以一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句sth be…/sth do…出現(xiàn)

例1：Cambridge 3 Test 1 Section 4 Question 36

Being overweight

A. is a major source of back pain

B. worsens existing back pain

C. reduces the effectiveness of exercise.

解析：結(jié)合題干和選項(xiàng)，本題要求對(duì)超重作一個(gè)解釋，是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，并且AB選項(xiàng)都和back pain有關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)則和exercise有關(guān)。原文中提到back pain時(shí)說(shuō)到：the weight will increase the strain and make things worse，因此B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

例2：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 4 Question 31

Corporate crime is generally committed

A. against individual

B. by groups

C. for companies

解析：題目要求對(duì)corporate crime進(jìn)行解釋，是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，補(bǔ)充的為一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都和犯罪主體或?qū)ο笥嘘P(guān)。原文用be defined as來(lái)引出定義：crime which is committed for the corporate organization-the company-not against it。幾乎和原題是一樣的表達(dá)方式，因此答案為C.

例3：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2 Question 18

Loans are also available to students who

A. can’t pay their rent

B. need to buy furniture

C. can’t cover their living expenses

解析：該題為一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，補(bǔ)充的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)解釋哪種學(xué)生能得到貸款，并且從選項(xiàng)中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這種貸款和生活有關(guān)。原文中提到：when you move into a new flat, starting up expenses including furniture for it can be covered by a loan。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。

2. 個(gè)人,機(jī)構(gòu)的看法，建議，喜好：在這類選擇題中通常能看到advise, suggest, recommend, like, think, according to等表示意見(jiàn)建議及喜好的單詞和詞組。在做題的過(guò)程中必須先搞清楚題目要求弄清的是誰(shuí)的想法，是站在哪方的角度上考慮的，否則就很容易出錯(cuò)了。

例1：Cambridge 3 Test 1 Section 4 Question 32

According to the speaker, the main cause of back pain in women is

A. pregnancy

B. osteoporosis

C. lack of exercise

解析：題目要求找出女性背痛的一個(gè)主要原因，并且是說(shuō)話人的一個(gè)個(gè)人想法。三個(gè)選項(xiàng)在原文中都有出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)提到osteoporosis時(shí)說(shuō)到：which I personally believe to be the major cause of problem for women，表達(dá)了自己的意見(jiàn)，因此答案為B.

3.表原因，結(jié)果，條件：這類考題也是非常多見(jiàn)的，題干的句末通常是because, because of, be caused by, if 等表示原因、結(jié)果、條件的詞。

例1：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2 Question 14

A personal crisis may be caused by

A. studying for too long overseas

B. business problems in the student’s own country

C. disruptions to personal relationships

解析：題目要求找出引起個(gè)人危機(jī)的原因，三個(gè)選項(xiàng)描述的內(nèi)容各不相同，并且在原文中都有提到。在做題時(shí)必須區(qū)分哪個(gè)是原因，選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)方式是否正確。粗略聽(tīng)下來(lái)會(huì)覺(jué)得文講到的原因似乎在選項(xiàng)中都有，仔細(xì)分辨選項(xiàng)就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，A中too long為多余成分，文中沒(méi)有提到;B中business problem為真正意義上的商業(yè)問(wèn)題，而文中只是講到y(tǒng)ou might call “unfinished business”，實(shí)際上business就是 affair的意思，因此這個(gè)答案也是錯(cuò)誤的，正確的為C選項(xiàng)。

例2：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2 Question 15

Students may lose self-esteem if

A. they have to change courses

B. they don’t complete their courses

C. their family puts too much pressure on them

解析：題目要求找出在哪種情況下學(xué)生的自尊心會(huì)受到傷害，選項(xiàng)AB與課程有關(guān)，不同的是A選項(xiàng)指換課，B選項(xiàng)指完不成課程。原文中有聽(tīng)到C選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容，但沒(méi)有跟自尊心聯(lián)系起來(lái)。原文中提到：if you fail a subject or drop out of a course because it’s too difficult then your self-esteem can suffer，then前后的內(nèi)容表達(dá)了事情條件和結(jié)果。因此答案為B。

4. 句意補(bǔ)充：有些考題要求把句子補(bǔ)充完整，通常補(bǔ)充動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。此類考題形式多樣，需結(jié)合題干和選項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)法上判斷補(bǔ)充的成分的詞性和類型。

例1：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2 Question 17

Students in financial difficulties can receive

A. assistance to buy books

B. a loan to pay their course fees

C. a no-interest loan to cover study expenses

解析：題目要求補(bǔ)充一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中BC都和loan有關(guān)。文中提到學(xué)生可得到貸款，但low interest loan，很容易就能否定掉C選項(xiàng)。講到貸款的作用時(shí)出現(xiàn)了to buy books，因此答案為A。

例2：Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 3 Question 24

Readingsessions help students to read

A. analytically

B. as fast as possible

C. thoroughly

解析：題目要求補(bǔ)充動(dòng)詞read的狀語(yǔ)。文中提到get into the habit of analyzing material as you read it，說(shuō)明在閱讀過(guò)程中要做到邊閱讀邊分析，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

例3：Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 2 Question 19

The university accommodation officer will

A. send a list of agents for students to contact

B. contact accommodation agencies for students

C. ensure that students have suitable accommodation

解析：題目要求補(bǔ)充完整謂語(yǔ)成分，根據(jù)題目意思可知與解決住宿問(wèn)題有關(guān)。原文中提到有許多租房中介，并且學(xué)校負(fù)責(zé)住宿的官員會(huì)代表學(xué)生與之聯(lián)系：will deal with the agencies on your behalf，因此正確答案為C。

5. 考時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，數(shù)字：這是非常細(xì)節(jié)的考題，盡管目標(biāo)明確，但往往會(huì)有很多陷阱或者考生不熟悉的表達(dá)方式出現(xiàn)，所以讀題時(shí)要注意干擾信息的方向的判斷，在定位之后一定要仔細(xì)分辨信息。

例1：Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 3 Question 22

The “Study for Success” seminar lasts for

A. one day

B. two days

C. three days

解析：通過(guò)讀題可發(fā)現(xiàn)可用“Study for Success” seminar來(lái)定位，原文提到時(shí)間時(shí)并沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)幾天，而是講出了具體哪幾天：that’s on the first and second of February. 因此答案為2天，很容易忽略。

例2：Cambridge 4 Test 4 Section 4 Question 38

Most sharks are caught in

A. spring

B. summer

C. winter

解析：題目考季節(jié)，在原文中也提到了具體的月份—November to February，很容易選擇冬天。但文章介紹的是澳大利亞的鯊魚(yú)，屬于南半球，季節(jié)正好與北半球相反，因此根據(jù)常識(shí)應(yīng)選擇夏天。

例3：Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 4 Question 32

Pictures of Asiatic lions can be seen on ancient coins from

A. Greece

B. TheMiddle East

C. India

解析：通過(guò)讀題干可得知亞洲獅的形象是在銀幣上的，我們需要找出是哪國(guó)銀幣。聽(tīng)題過(guò)程中會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)三個(gè)地區(qū)都有聽(tīng)到，但都提到時(shí)只是再說(shuō)這幾個(gè)區(qū)域曾經(jīng)有亞洲獅出現(xiàn)。之后有Greek coins出現(xiàn)，很顯然應(yīng)該選擇A。

例4：Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2 Question 19

The number of students counseled by the service last year was

A. 214

B. 240

C. 2600

解析：通過(guò)題干可得知要選的數(shù)字是指人數(shù)，并且是去年的人數(shù)。原文中2600的單位為hours，顯然不正確。此題的目的就是考查學(xué)生能否正確區(qū)分14和40，根據(jù)重音不同，不難區(qū)分出答案為B。