10天搞定英語四級語法之同形異義詞辨析(1)

英語四級語法在考試中也是若隱若現(xiàn)的穿插在各種考題中，所以同學(xué)們對語法的學(xué)習(xí)也不能忽視。

1. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has the quality of the programs. (2004.06)

A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected

2. Some plants are very to light; they prefer the shade. (2003.12)

A) sensible B) flexible C) objective D) sensitive

3. The author was required to submit an of about 200 words together with his research paper. (2003.12)

A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract

4. It is too early to say whether IBM's competitors will be able to their products to the new hardware at an affordable cost. (2003.09)

A) adapt B) stick C) yield D) adopt

5. The football game comes to you from New York. (2002.01)

A) live B) lively C) alive D) living

英語四級解題小貼士

1. 【C】

選項中有affect，effect，出題者正是看中了我們對這兩個單詞的認知度不夠。affect意為"影響"(verb);effect意為"結(jié)果，作用，影響"(noun);lessen意為"減少，減輕";decline意為"下傾，下降"。正確答案為C，題目譯文為："評論家們認為被大量廣告控制的電視已經(jīng)影響了節(jié)目的質(zhì)量。"

2. 【D】

在英語中一個單詞的形容詞形式有很多變形，稍不注意，我們就很容易被它們搞糊涂，千萬別掉進陷阱了喲!sense意為"見識，感覺"，加-tive表示具感覺性質(zhì)的，意為"敏感的"，引申意為"靈敏的，感光的";加-able后意為"能夠感到的，有意識的，明智的，有判斷力的";flexible意為"靈活的，柔軟的";objective意為"客觀的，公正的"。所以正確答案為D，題目譯文為："有些植物對光特別敏感，它們喜歡蔭涼處。"

3. 【D】

edition表"版本"，paper covered edition平裝本，hard copy edition精裝本;editorial表"編輯的";article表"文章，論文";abstract表"摘要"。按題目意思來看，只有"摘要"才會是200字的。所以正確答案為D，題目譯文為："作者不得不隨他的研究論文交一份200字的摘要。"

4. 【A】

這一題的考點在adapt和adopt上，有些考生很難在短時間內(nèi)區(qū)分出其意思，尤其是放在一起時。前者意為"適應(yīng)，改編"，adapt to new conditions適應(yīng)新環(huán)境;后者中間為"o"，讓我們想到son，boy，所以意為"收養(yǎng)，采用"，adopt skills采用技巧，adopt children收養(yǎng)孩子;stick表"粘住，粘貼";yield表"出產(chǎn)，(～to)屈服"。正確答案為A，題目譯文為："IBM的競爭對手是否能夠以合適的成本使他們的產(chǎn)品去適應(yīng)新的硬件，這件事情現(xiàn)在說還為時尚早。"

5. 【A】

這幾個單詞都是live的形容詞，A中l(wèi)ive是我們經(jīng)常在電視的右上角看到的，表示"實況轉(zhuǎn)播"。B中的lively雖以-ly結(jié)尾，但不是副詞，而是形容詞，表示"活潑的，真實的"，這一點提示了我們并不是所有以-ly結(jié)尾的單詞都是副詞，英語中有很多例外，如我們較熟悉的friendly"和藹可親的"，weekly"每周一次的"。C選項中alive，也表示"活著的，活潑的"，但通常情況下，以a-開頭的形容詞做表語的居多。以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞有正在進行著之意，所以living意為"活著的，有生命的"。所以正確答案為A，題目譯文為："你觀看的足球賽來自紐約實況轉(zhuǎn)播。"

以上的五道真題不過是茫茫詞海中的一粟。這些單詞的典型特點就是極其相似，一不留神，就會中了出題人的招。不過換個思維來說，我們也可以將這些形似詞做一個歸納，放在一起類比，這樣還會幫助我們記單詞。既破了出題人的招，又擴展了自己的詞匯。

形容詞構(gòu)詞規(guī)律：

形容詞的后綴有很多，不同的后綴會有不同的含義，以下是后綴的基本含義，記住他們，再根據(jù)詞根本身來猜測其引申含義：

-tive，表性質(zhì)，與……有關(guān)，具有……性質(zhì)的：talkative愛說話的，active積極的，decisive果斷的

-ful，接名詞后，表"充滿……的，有……傾向的"：powerful強有力的，peaceful愛好和平的，doubtful令人生疑的

-able，接動詞后，表"可……的，能……的"：eatable可吃的，bearable可忍受的

-ed，接在動詞后，表被動含義：preserved受保護的

?？夹稳菰~系列單詞：

sensible 有感覺的，明智的，有判斷力的 considerate 考慮周到的

sensitive 敏感的，靈敏的，感光的 considerable 相當大(或多)的，值得考慮的

respectable 可敬的，有名望的 imaginative有想像力的

respected 受尊敬的，受尊重的 imaginable 可想像的，可能的

respective 分別的，各自的 imaginary 想像的，虛構(gòu)的

respectful 恭敬的，尊敬的

雅典奧運會究竟花了多少錢?又給雅典帶來了些什么?

Latest estimates of the costs of hosting the Athens Olympics put them at up to $10bn - a huge amount for a small country like Greece, once the poorest in the EU. The nation has pinned hopes of a successful future on the events being a showcase for a "transformed" country, attracting new investors and tourists alike. Mr Doukas admitted that total spending on the Olympics was certain to rise to more than 7bn euros (￡4.6bn) from an original estimate of 4.6 bn euros.

1. estimate: n. & v. 估計，估價 My estimate of his abilities was wrong. 我對他的能力估計錯了。

2. transform: v. 轉(zhuǎn)化，變化 political and economic transformation(n.)政治與經(jīng)濟變革

3. original: a. 起初的，原來的，獨創(chuàng)的，新穎的 an original invention新的發(fā)明

【單詞變形】origin(n. 起源)originality(n. 創(chuàng)意，新奇)original(a. 起初的，原來的)originally(adv. 最初地，原先)

1. We are interested in the weather because it us so directly-what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.

A) benefits B) affects C) guides D) effects

2. Some diseases are by certain water animals. (2000.01)

A) transplanted B) transformed

C) transported D) transmitted

3. Visibility was poor owing to the thick fog, and our plane had to make a

landing.

A) forced B) forcing C) forceful D) forcible

4. These problems are very , because I don't know what to do.

A) worry B) worrisome C) worriless D) worried

5. The house in which passed was the smallest in that large city.

A) imaginary B) imagined

C) imaginative D) imaginable

6. At the top of the hill we were able to see the full of the city.

A) expand B) extent C) expense D) extend

7. Many of the earliest into the United States established large plantations.

A) emigrants B) emigration C) immigrants D) migrants

8. Many years ago, a lot of factories were from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.

A) transferred B) transformed

C) transmitted D) transported

9. Petrol is refined from the oil we take out of the ground. (2001.06)

A) fresh B) original C) rude D) crude

10. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl, though they had three of their own.

A) adapt B) bring C) receive D) adopt

What kind of room has no windows or doors?