卡耐基演講·一、以自己生活中的事例來說明

在講演中，應(yīng)該花大部分的時(shí)間描述曾給你啟示的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。心理學(xué)家說，我們學(xué)習(xí)的方式有兩種：一是練習(xí)律，讓一連串的類似事件導(dǎo)致行為模式的改變；二是效應(yīng)律，使單一的事件就可能有強(qiáng)烈的震撼力，并造成我們行為的改變。我們平常就有很多不凡的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是不需要花太多的時(shí)間去苦苦搜尋的。我們的行為多半受這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)的引導(dǎo)。把這些事件重新組織起來，便可把它們變成影響別人行為的事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。這一點(diǎn)我們應(yīng)該很容易做到，由于人們對(duì)字句的反應(yīng)與對(duì)真實(shí)事件的反應(yīng)極為相似。在講演里講述事例的時(shí)候，一定要把自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)里的東西重新再造，對(duì)聽眾產(chǎn)生與自己原先相同感受的作用。把你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)戲劇化，讓它們聽起來更有趣，也更有力量。下面的建議，可讓舉例的步驟清晰有力，具有意義。This is the part of your talk that will take up the major portion of your time. In it you describe an experience that taught you a lesson. Psychologists say we learn in two ways: one, by the Law of Exercise, in which a series of similar incidents leads to a change of our behavioral patterns; and two, by the Law of Effect, in which a single event may be so startling as to cause a change in our conduct. All of us have had this type of unusual experience. We do not have to search long for these incidents because they lie close to the surface of our memories. Our conduct is guided to a large extent by these experiences. By vividly reconstructing these incidents we can make them the basis of influencing the conduct of others. We can do this because people respond to words in much the same way that they respond to real happenings. In the example part of your talk, then, you must recreate a segment of your experience in such a way that it tends to have the same effect upon your audience as it originally had upon you. This places upon you the obligation to clarify, intensify, and dramatize your experiences in a way that will make them interesting and compelling to your listeners. Below are a number of suggestions which will help to make the Example step of your action talk clear, intense, and meaningful.