科學(xué)家說(shuō)，葡萄干很“臟”，含有大量殺蟲(chóng)劑

科學(xué)家說(shuō)，葡萄干很“臟”，含有大量殺蟲(chóng)劑

Love them or hate them, raisins tend to be a polarizing snack, but there’s one thing we can agree on: they’re dirty.

不管你喜歡還是討厭葡萄干，葡萄干都是一種讓人愛(ài)恨分明的零食，但有一件事我們可以達(dá)成共識(shí):葡萄干很臟。

Shoppers would be hard-pressed to find a way to avoid pesticides on their fresh fruits and vegetables since nearly 70% of all produce sold in the U.S. contains pesticide residues, according to the Environmental Working Group (EWG), which just released its annual Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce.

美國(guó)環(huán)境工作組(EWG)剛剛發(fā)布了一年一度的《農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中農(nóng)藥購(gòu)物者指南》(Shopper'S Guide to Discriminations in Products)，該工作組稱，由于在美國(guó)銷售的所有農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中有近70%含有農(nóng)藥殘留，購(gòu)物者很難找到避免在新鮮水果和蔬菜上使用農(nóng)藥的方法。

Using test data from the Department of Agriculture, the EWG is able to analyze to what degree fresh fruits and vegetables are contaminated with pesticide residues. But this year, their updated guidelines — which include their notorious “Dirty Dozen ” and “Clean Fifteen” lists — put the spotlight on raisins. They found that 99% of the dried fruit tested had residues of at least two pesticides. Even the organic variety, presumably produced with fewer chemicals, was packed with pesticides at a rate of 91%.

利用農(nóng)業(yè)部的檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，EWG能夠分析新鮮水果和蔬菜被農(nóng)藥殘留污染的程度。但今年，他們更新的指南——包括臭名昭著的“十二種骯臟食品”和“十五種干凈食品”——將注意力放在了葡萄干上。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)99%被檢測(cè)的干果至少有兩種農(nóng)藥殘留。即使是有機(jī)品種，大概是用更少的化學(xué)物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)的，也有91%的農(nóng)藥殘留。

“If we included raisins in our calculations, they would be No. 1 on the Dirty Dozen,” said EWG toxicologist Dr. Thomas Galligan. “Although raisins are a popular snack, consumers concerned about their pesticide consumption may want to consider buying fresh or frozen produce from our Clean Fifteen list instead.”

EWG毒物學(xué)家Thomas Galligan博士說(shuō)：“如果我們把葡萄干計(jì)算在內(nèi)的話，它們將是這十二種骯臟食品之首。”。“雖然葡萄干是一種很受歡迎的零食，但擔(dān)心農(nóng)藥消費(fèi)的消費(fèi)者可能會(huì)考慮從我們的15種清潔食品清單中購(gòu)買(mǎi)新鮮或冷凍食品。”

That advice may be difficult to swallow for some. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, every American consumed an average of 1.25 pounds of raisins in 2017, the latest data available.

對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)建議可能難以接受。據(jù)美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部(United States Department of Agriculture)提供的最新數(shù)據(jù)，2017年，每個(gè)美國(guó)人平均消費(fèi)1.25磅葡萄干。

Even more worrisome is how the finding might impact kids 15 and under, who reportedly eat some 208 million pounds of the stuff every year, claims Zion Market Research. For example, the insecticide chlorpyrifos, which is known to do damage to children’s nervous systems even at low levels, was found in 5% of conventional raisins and 6% of their organic counterparts, says the EWG.

更令人擔(dān)憂的是，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)對(duì)15歲及以下的兒童產(chǎn)生影響，據(jù)報(bào)道，這些兒童每年都要吃大約2.08億磅葡萄干。EWG稱，假如殺蟲(chóng)劑毒死蜱在5%的傳統(tǒng)葡萄干和6%的有機(jī)葡萄干中被發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在較低水平，也會(huì)對(duì)兒童的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)造成損害。

“Infants, babies and young children are exquisitely vulnerable to even low levels of pesticide exposure, so it’s important parents and caregivers take steps to safeguard children from these chemicals while also providing them diets rich in healthy fruits and vegetables,” said Dr. Philip Landrigan, a pediatric epidemiologist whose work on how pesticides impact infants and children helped inspire the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act.

兒童流行病學(xué)家Philip Landrigan博士說(shuō)：“嬰兒、幼兒和兒童極易受到低水平農(nóng)藥的侵害，因此父母和護(hù)理者必須采取措施，保護(hù)兒童免受這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的侵害，同時(shí)為他們提供富含健康水果和蔬菜的飲食。”殺蟲(chóng)劑對(duì)嬰兒和兒童的影響，助推了1996年的《食品質(zhì)量保護(hù)法》。

This isn’t the first time raisins have come under fire in the US. Last year, the Food and Drug Administration recalled Deshi-brand dried white grapes for containing undeclared sulfites, which could cause a deadly allergic reaction for some.

這不是葡萄干第一次在美國(guó)受到攻擊。去年，美國(guó)食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局召回德西牌干白葡萄，原因是其中含有未申報(bào)的亞硫酸鹽，可能會(huì)對(duì)一些人造成致命的過(guò)敏反應(yīng)。