大學英語六級翻譯技法:(六)正反表達法

(六)正反表達法

敘述同一事物或表達同一思想時,可以正說也可以反說。漢語如此,英語也是如此。因此翻譯時應根據(jù)英語習慣,采用正面或反面的表達。

I.漢語從反面表達,英語從正面表達

1.動詞

1)很多欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的女孩得不到上學的機會。

Lots of girls in underdeveloped regions were denied the chance to go to school.

2)但這些措施能否對減緩砍伐森林的速度有足夠的影響,現(xiàn)在還看不出來。

But it remains to be seen whether these measures will have enough impact on slowing the rate of removing the forests.

3)你大可不必受此麻煩。

You might well have spared yourself the trouble.

4)雙方未能就領(lǐng)土問題的解決達成協(xié)議。

The two parties failed to reach an agreement over the solution of the territory issue.

2.副詞

1)A:他們干得很好。B:沒錯。

A:The did quite a good job.B:Exactly.

2)不出所料,在短短的三個星期里我們沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么新的真相。

Predictably,we did not uncover any new truths in three short weeks.

3)警署專員為未能很好地監(jiān)督自己的部門而公開致歉。

The police commissioner publicly apologized for poorly supervising his department.

4)“你知道,有一點我深信不疑,”她一邊吃著冰淇淋一邊說。

“You know,there's one thing I thoroughly believe in,”she said,as she ate the ice-cream.

3.形容詞

1)外表可能是靠不住的。

Appearances can be deceptive.

2)委員會的決定不是不可改變的。

The committee's decision is not final.

3)真沒想到會在這兒碰見你。

This is the last place where I expected to meet you.

4)有時候,事情并不像看上去那么簡單。

Sometimes things are more than what they appear.

4.介詞

1)我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在乎了,所以為自己點了咖啡,為她要了冰淇淋加咖啡。

I was past caring now,so I ordered coffee for myself and an ice-cream and coffee for her.

2)這個問題我解決不了。

This problem is above me.

3)但它的好處不只這些。

But its beneficial effects go beyond this.

4)很少有人不贊賞他的才干的。

There are very few but admire his talents.

5.連接詞

1)我還沒明白是怎么回事,比賽就結(jié)束了。

Before I realized what had happened,the game was over.

2)他還沒趕到公司,會議就已經(jīng)開始了。

The conference had already commenced before he hurried to the company.

6.名詞

1)一時全場鴉雀無聲。

Silence resigned all over for a while.

2)他開車時心不在焉,差點闖禍。

His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.

7.短語

1)事實與你想的完全不同。

The truth is quite other than what you think.

2)結(jié)果遠非我們想象的那樣。

The result was far from what we had expected.

3)要不是因為鄰國的幫助,很難在這么短的時間內(nèi)解決難民問題。

But for the assistance from the neighboring countries,it is difficult to solve the problem of refugees within such a short period of time.

4)如果完全不讓人做白日夢,他們的情緒平衡會被打亂。

When individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming,their emotional balance can be disturbed.

8.句子

1)欲速則不達。

Haste makes waste.

2)工作還沒做。

The work has yet to be done.

3)你太小了,還不能開車。

You are too young to drive.

4)我有九或十年沒見著他了。

It has been nine or ten years since I met him.

II.漢語從正面表達,英語從反面表達

1.動詞

1)有一天我跟他一起騎著車子四處逛,看怎樣卸船。

I rode around with him one day seeing how the ships unloaded.

2)盡管他反復解釋,但人們還是心存疑惑。

The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations.

2.副詞

1)很多人認為首相實際上是很沒面子地辭職了。

Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in effect resigned dishonorably.

2)拉姆斯非爾德先生說,蘇聯(lián)正以空前的規(guī)模推行制造導彈的計劃。

Mr.Rumsfeld said that the Soviet Union was unprecedentedly engaged in a missile-building program.

3.形容詞

1)它可能促使人們對具體的答案過分相信。

It may promote undue confidence in concrete answers.

2)與一般人的看法相反,經(jīng)常有意識地致力于解決某個問題實際上是一種效果最差的處理問題的方法。

Contrary to popular belief,constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is,in reality,one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it.

3)布拉姆斯發(fā)現(xiàn),只有當他接近一種深沉的白日夢幻境時,他的想法才輕松而來。

Brahms found that ideas came effortless only when he approached a state of deep daydreaming.

4)這個美麗的小村子位于蘇格蘭的群山中。村里有些人說,他們對安東尼·威廉姆斯這個人一直心存疑惑。

There are those in this beautiful village in the mountains of Scotland who say that they were never quite sure about Anthony Williams.

4.名詞

1)他對他父親所從事的行業(yè)表現(xiàn)出強烈的厭惡。

He manifested a strong dislike for his father's business.

2)據(jù)說有人在他們中間搞挑撥離間。

It is said that someone has sown discord among them.

5.短語

1)趕緊把這份文件打出來。

Don't lose time in typing this file.

2)我只要最好的。

I want nothing but the best.

3)調(diào)查清楚地表明這筆錢是非法所得。

The investigation left no doubt that the money was illegal gains.

6.句子

1)直到1916年他才成為公民。

He did not become a citizen until 1916.

2)我從來只吃一種東西。我覺得現(xiàn)在的人吃得太多了。

I never eat more than one thing.I think people eat far too much nowadays.