2016年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)：茶文化

　　茶文化

　　中國(guó)是一個(gè)文化歷史悠久的(time-honored )國(guó)度，也是一個(gè)禮儀(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每當(dāng)客人來(lái)訪，都需要泡茶給客人喝。在給客人奉茶之前，你應(yīng)該問(wèn)問(wèn)他們都喜歡喝什么類(lèi)型的茶，并采用最合適的茶具奉上。奉茶期間，主人需要仔細(xì)留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就應(yīng)該加開(kāi)水，這樣，茶杯就一直都是滿的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。

　　參考翻譯:

　　Chinese Tea Culture

　　China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make andserve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet.

　　1.一個(gè)文化歷史悠久的國(guó)度：可譯為a country with atime-honored civilization。核心詞“國(guó)度”前的修飾語(yǔ)可采用with來(lái)進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)。

　　2.都需要泡茶給…：可譯為 it is necessary to make andserve tea to...此處的分句中原文沒(méi)有給出明確的主語(yǔ)，所以采用it is necessary to do sth.這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。此處如果采用增譯法，可增加主語(yǔ)“我們”或者“主人”。

　　3.奉茶：指提供茶給客人，可譯為serve tea。

　　4.在茶喝完一半之后：可譯為after half of the tea in it has been consumed。此處的it指代的是cup。為了避免與前文重復(fù)，此處可用it來(lái)進(jìn)行替代。

　　5.應(yīng)該加開(kāi)水：可譯為boiling water should be added。boiling water 意為“沸水，開(kāi)水”。