大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解100篇:科普環(huán)境

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　　Rather than using custom machine tools to build early models of new parts, Ford is now using 3-D printing technology to design and test its engineers’ latest ideas. The new method allows product developers to have a _1_ in their hands in as little as a week after they create a new design-compared with having to wait three to four months _2_.

　　“We’re building more and more parts every day using this _3_,”says Harold Sears,a technical expert in rapid manufacturing at Ford’s design facility in Dearborn, Mich. Ford’s new hybrid transmission was developed on a 3-D printer that costs about $300,000 and which can turn a pile of aluminum powder into a working prototype in a day or two.

　　While low-cost 3-D printing by consumers and small businesses looks like a market now ready for takeoff, large businesses have already _4_ advanced versions of the technology. The result has been a _5_ improvement in the product-development process across a wide range of industries, including the _6_ of cars, consumer electronics, safety equipment and medical devices.

　　The process has done more than just save time and money. Engineers say rapid prototyping using 3-D printing is producing more _7_, higher-quality products—from custom-fitted bicycle helmets to better-sounding ear buds and loudspeakers.

　　Instead of waiting for tools and parts to come back from outside machine shops or injection, molding houses, product developers on tight _8_ now get more hands-on time to test their models. 3-D printers allow them to test and _9_ more versions of their prototypes—in some cases tripling the number of duplicates of a new product that can be _10_ before being produced on a large scale.

　　A)previously B) thereafter C) process D) elastic

　　E) deadlines F) manufacturing G) significant H) innovative

　　I)ignited J) embraced K) lubricate L) prototype

　　M) refined N) update O) mechanisms

　　答案：

　　1.[L]冠詞a提示空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。該段概括介紹了 3-D打印這一新技術(shù),首句指出運(yùn)用新技術(shù)建造初期模型，第2句則補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明該技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)上下文和空格后的in their hands可推知，空格所需名詞應(yīng)與early models 同義，故選用 prototype

　　2.[A]此處需填人副詞，修飾have to wait...。根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容可知，有了 3-D打印技術(shù)之后，等待模具的時(shí)間大大縮短，而不像“以前”要等3、4個(gè)月，可見此處應(yīng)選用previously。

　　3.[C] this提示此處應(yīng)填入名詞，且該名詞在上文有具體所指。上文提到的主要內(nèi)容是3-D打印這一“新技術(shù)”,此處的名詞應(yīng)該帶有“技術(shù)”、“方法”等類似的意思,據(jù)此在名詞庫(kù)中選用process。

　　4.[J]解答本題需先弄清advanced的詞性。這里advanced是形容詞“先進(jìn)的”,用于修飾名詞versions。因此空格處應(yīng)填入過(guò)去分詞與have already連用，充當(dāng)句子謂語(yǔ)。詞庫(kù)中embraced“采用”符合語(yǔ)境,說(shuō)明一些大企 業(yè)使用了這種技術(shù)。

　　5.[G] a... improvement提示空格處應(yīng)填人名詞、形容詞或分詞作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)后面提到的這一技術(shù)在各行業(yè)的應(yīng)用，可知其影響重大，應(yīng)選用包含積極意義的詞匯。不定完詞a提示不能選用innovative,詞庫(kù)中 significant符合句意。

　　6.[F]定冠詞the提示此處應(yīng)填入名詞。前面講到福特汽車采用3-D打印技術(shù)制造最初模型，可知該技術(shù)可運(yùn)用于汽車制造，詞庫(kù)中manufacturing符合句意。

　　7.[H] more...和higher-quality并列作定語(yǔ)修飾products。本段仍然是講3-D技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故推斷空格是一個(gè)褒義詞,innovative符合句意。

　　8.[E]空格應(yīng)填入名詞，與on tight...構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，作后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的product developers。空格前的tight“緊的”與后面的more hands-on time前后形成對(duì)比，由此可見3-D技術(shù)出現(xiàn)之前產(chǎn)品研發(fā)人員的時(shí)間緊迫，deadlines填入文中構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)on tight deadlines，表示“時(shí)間緊迫，限期很短”，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。

　　9.[N]空格前的and表明空格應(yīng)該是和test并列的動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語(yǔ)more versions of their prototypes,選用update，意為“研發(fā)人員可以利用3-D打印技術(shù)不斷測(cè)試和更新模具”。

　　10.[M]此處應(yīng)填入名詞、形容詞或動(dòng)詞的分詞形式。3-D打印技術(shù)主要應(yīng)用于產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)、調(diào)整階段，因此產(chǎn)品在正式投人生產(chǎn)前還可以修改。填入空格的詞應(yīng)包含“修改，調(diào)整”之意，動(dòng)詞refined“精煉;使完善”符合句意。