英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀，作為大學(xué)英語(yǔ)能力的重要評(píng)估指標(biāo)，不僅檢驗(yàn)了學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法的掌握，更考察了其閱讀理解和信息篩選的能力。在全球化背景下，提升這一能力對(duì)于拓寬視野、增進(jìn)跨文化交流至關(guān)重要。今天，小編將分享2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題以及答案（卷三），希望能為大家提供幫助！
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a possage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank froma list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the pasage.Read the pasage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the coresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a sngle line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Whether you're just having a down day or a down period,takinga walk can instantly lift your mood, especially when you go outdoors.Not only can walking make you less depressed,but according to anew study,depression sufferers who took a 26 walk showed just as much improvement in their 27 as people taking medicine.In fact,60-70 percent of the participants in the study could no longer even be 28 as depressed.
Bone density may not be one of the most exciting health benefits of walking,but it's an important one.People with stronger bones avoid osteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松癥)and all the problems that 29 with it,like breaks andother disabilities.And the best way to get strong,healthy bones is by doing weight-bearing exercises like running,dancing and walking,according to a large study.But as regards bones,it's 30 use it or lose it:To keep your bones strong you have to keep exercising.The researchers found that adults who walked regularly had better bone density throughout their lives than their 31 friends.
Taking a walk can be great for 32 your head or blowing off some steam.It also provides a great opportunity to 33 with friends and family,far away from electronics and other 34 at home.Even better,you set a powerful example because when they see you 35 the benefits of walking,they'll be encouraged to walk more,too
A)accompany I)distractions
B)approved J)exchusively
C)bond K)inactive
D)classified L)occurrences
E)clearing M)reaping
F)come N)symptoms
G)daily O)typical
H)definitely
Section B
Directions;In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraphmore than once.Fach paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
A Cub Where Lions Dance and Traditions Take Root
A)The first thing you notice in the staircase to the fourth-floor studio on Canal Street in Manhattan,New York,is the measured thumping(嘭嘭聲 )coming from behind a metal door.Just beyond the entrance,large lion masks were twisting and turning to the drum-beat.On a recent Friday evening,the teenagers made their way across the studio floor as they practiced Chinese lion dancing.
B)“You want toplay in a circle,”Victor Fong,aged24,told his students at the New York Chinese Freemasons Athletic Club.“Take it slow and do it again.”The dance group,made up of 60 members,performs throughout the year but was now preparing for its biggest events,Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations,which will begin on Saturday and conclude on February 15.Teenagers comprise about half of the group,many of whom began lion dancing at the age of 14.About 100 current and past members of the dance group—which has been performing since 1956—will be among the 220 groups marching through Chinatown in Manhattan for the 18th Lunar New Year Parade on February 5.
C)Mr.Fong has been involved in the organization since he was 15 and began teaching lion dancing three years ago.But theclub also actsas a recreation center and safe haven(庇護(hù)所)for teenagers,with video games readily available.As many as 20 students show up after school.“The basic requirement for hanging out here is you have to learn how to lion dance,”Mr.Fong said.While thatis not a formal requirement for being a member,everyone finds a way to participae in the Lunar New Year Parade,whether it's by dancing,carrying a flag or beating a drum.
D)Alvin Chau,aged 26,is an environmental consultant by day and a lion dancer on weekends.He has been a club member for 10 years and joined because of an interest in lion dance.“We're a big family,”he said,shaking hands with other members as they walked through the door.“You know everyone.”
E)It is believed that the lion dance began in the third century.Stories vary about how lion dancing came to be,but most of them includea monster named Nian who would terrorize a village.The villagers finally banded together and scared the beast away with firecrackers(爆竹)and drums.While lions are not native to China,some versions of the story include the villagers creating a monster of their own in the shape of a lion to fight off the beast.
F)Today,thedancers travel across Chinatown going from business to business to bring good luck for the coming year.The new year—-according to the Chinese lunar calendar—will begin on Saturday and marks the Year of the Rooster(雞年),which is thought to be a symbol of positivity.“It's almost like the dark night is ending and the sun is coming up,”said Ya Yung Teng,the digital collections coordinator for the Museum of Chinesein America.“It's hopeful thatwe're going to have a new day. Roosters and chickens are not particularly strongcreatures,Ms.Teng said,but they are numerous.“In a way,“she said,the rooster“stands for'We the People.”
G)The lion head andtail are operated by two people.As one person controls the head,asecond follows under a train of fabric representing the body.The dancers move in harmony as they imitate the animal'snaturalmovements in the wild,including the aggressiveness of an attack.A lion head figure weighs under 10 pounds and sits squarely on the dancer's shoulders.Inside,the dancer manipulates strings that open andclose the lion'seyes,shake its ears and open its mouth toreveal a fire-orange tongue.
H)“A good lion dancer will imitate a living creature,”said Karlin Chan,aged 59,who heads the athletic club's community public relations.“Istarted lion dancing when I was a kid,”he said.“Chinatown was much smaller then and it was a celebration with fireworks and firecrackers,which added a lot of flavor andmeaning to it.”
I)Mr.Chan buys a new lion head each year when he travels to China.A head costs about $1,500.“If you want the good stuff,thequality,you have to see it for yourself,”hesaid.“I'll inspect the product before we put it in the container and ship it over.”Mr.Chan,who has been involved with the club for nearly 50 years,said that passing the dance from one generation to the next was vital.“You need to pass on the traditions and the culture,and this is a part of our culture,”he said.“It's a great way to promote cultural understanding and exchange;we welcome that."
J)For Sara Pore,aged 17,another club member,lion dance is more than just tradition;it provides a creative outlet.“Lion dancing started 2,000 years ago—that's incredible,”she said.“But what makes you a competent lion dancer is that there's a sense of imagination involved.Lion dancing teaches competence in leadershipbecause of this.You're constantly forced to push yourself past yourlimit.”
K)Back at rehearsal(排練),Justin Le,aged18,tied a red ribbon around hiswaist to practice jumping.The dancers usethe ribbons to pull themselves up over their partners'heads.The room's ceilings are toolow to wear thelion heads for jumping practice,so onceup on his partner's head,Mr.Le held out his arms as if in offering
L)Mr.Lecomes by the dance as a legacy(傳承) “I was born into it,”Mr.Le said,noting that his uncle and father were clubmembers.“Growingup,I would always watch my family andsee the lion dance,and Islowly grew interested in it.”By the age of 14,he wasfully enrolled in the athletic club's lion dance group.“I value my culture and tradition,being Chinese or Asian-American.I have a lot of pride in that,”he said.“I want to contribute and give back to the community.”
36.The lion dancers perform from door to door to bring New Year wishes to business people.
37.The New York dance club also serves as a place for entertainment where youngsters can enjoy themselves safely.
38.Lion dancers need to have a little imagination to performwell.
39.There are a number of different versions about the origin of the liondance.
40.Some 50%of the members of a New York lion dance club are teenagers.
41.One club member says he feels proud of his cultural tradition.
42.Two dancers coordinate their movements,one manipulating the lion's head and the other its body.
43.One lion dancer comparestheir New York dance club toa family
44.Lion dance should be handed down tofuture generationsas part of Chinese culture.
45.One lion dancer learned how to perform from his elders.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Fach passage is followed by some questions or unjinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Team-building exercises have become popular for managers trying to increase organisational and team harmony and productivity.Unfortunately many employees resent compulsory bonding and often regard these exercisesas a nuisance.
A paper published this week by University of Sydney researchers in Social Networks has reported participants'feelings about team-building interventions(干預(yù)) ,revealing ethical implications in forcing employees to take part.
“Many people see tean-building activities as a waste of time,so we decided to look in more depth at what's behind this,”saidthe paper's lead researcher,Dr Peter Matous.
“Teams are formed,combined and restructured.Staff are relocated and office spaces redesigned.All this is done with the aim of improving workplace efficiency,collaboration and cohesion.But does any of this work?”said Dr Matous.
The study found that team-building exercises which focused on the sharing of and intervening into personal attitudes and relationships between team members were considered too heavy-handed and intrusive,although the researchers say some degree of openness and vulnerability is often necessary to make deep,effective connections with colleagues.
“Some participants were against team-building exercises because they were implicitly compulsory.They didn't welcome management's interest in their lives beyond their direct work performance,”said Matous.“Manypeopledon't want tobe forced into having fun or making friends,especially not on top of their busy jobs.They feel management is being too nosy or trying to control their lives too much.”
In this study the researchers recommended a self-disclosure(表露)approach where participantswere guided through a series of questions that allowedthem to increasingly disclose personal information and values.The method is well-tested and has been shown to increase interpersonal closeness.However,to be successful it must be voluntary.
The researchers said there are numerous schools of thought that propose differing psychological methods for strengthening relationships.“With caution,many relational methods to improve teams and organisations can be borrowed from other fields.The question is how to apply them effectivelyto strengthen an entire collective,which is more than just the sum of individual relationships,”said Dr Matous.
46.Why are many employees opposed to team-building exercises?
A)They considersuch exercises annoying
B)They deem these exercisescounter-productive.
C)They see such exercises as harmful toharmony.
D)They find these exercises too demanding.
47.What did Dr Matous and his team do to find out whether team-building activities would improve productivity?
A)They relocated team leadersand their offices
B)They rearranged the staff and office spaces.
C)They redesigned the staff's work schedules.
D)They reintroduced some cohesive activities.
48.What did the study by Matous'team find about some team-building exercises?
A)They were intended to share personal attitudes and relationships.
B)They implicitly added to the vulnerability of team members.
C)They invariably strengthened connections among colleagues.
D)They were regarded as an intrusion into employees'private lives
49.How can the self-disclosureapproach succeed in increasing interpersonal closeness?
A)By allowing participants freedom to express themselves.
B)By applying it to employees who volunteer to participate.
C)By arranging in proper order the questions participants face.
D)By guiding employees through a series of steps in team building.
50.What does Matous think of the various psychological methods borrowed from other fields for strengthening relationships?
A)They must be used in combination for an entire collectve.
B)They prioritise some psychological aspects over others.
C)They place too much stress on individual relationships.
D)They have to be applied cautiously to be effective.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based onthe following passage.
There are close to 58,000 homeless people in Los Angeles county.That's a shocking andtragicnumber for a region that's home to some of the richest peoplein the world.At last,the problembecameso acute—and so visible—that Los Angeles took extraordinary action.The citizens of this county voted in November 2016 and again in March 2017 to raise their own taxes.The purpose of such action is to fund an enormous multibillion-dollar,10-year program of housing and social services for the homeless.
As a result,Los Angeles now has its best chance in decades to combat homelessness.This is an opportunity that surely all can agree must not bewasted.It is neither desirable nor morally acceptable nor practical for this county to tolerate the signsof deprivation more commonly associated with theslums(貧民窟)of Rio de Janiero.
How did we get here?For as long as there are homeless people,there is a tendency to blame the victims themselves for their condition—to see their failure to thrive as an issue of character,of moral weakness,of laziness.But contrary to popular belief,the homeless in Los Angeles are not mostly mentally ill or drug addicted or frightening,althougha sizable minority meet someof those descriptions.Today,a greater and greater proportion of people living on the streets are therebecause of bad luck or a series of mistakes,or because theeconomy forgot them—they lost a job or were evicted(逐出 )or fled an abusive marriagejust as the housing market was growing increasingly unforgiving.
The challenges are enormous,even if everyone is pulling in the samedirection.That reality was driven home this month by a new Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority report showing that the county's homeless population is growing faster than the supply of new housing.
In the world's richest nation,homelessness on this scale should be shameful and shocking.But most Los Angeles residents are no longer either shocked or shamed.Increasingly,we are uncomfortable,annoyed,disgusted,scared or unaware.Compassion(同情心)is being replaced by resignation.
51.Why did the citizens of Los Angeles vote to raise their own taxes?
A)To combat the county's homelessness.
B)To reform the county's service system.
C)To fund the development of local infrastructure
D)To narrowthe gap between the rich and the poor.
52.What do people tend to believe about the homeless?
A)They seldom meet the descriptions of homelessness.
B)They are the victins of fast economic development.
C)They are responsible for their own condition.
D)They account for the majority of drug addicts.
53.What is one of the causesfor more and more people in Los Angeles to become homeless?
A)They find it increasingly difficult to afford a place to live.
B)The divorce rate in the county has been on a steady rise.
C)They have been compelled to take low-paying jobs.
D)The society fails to forgive them for theirmistakes.
54.What dowe learn from the new Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority report?
A)Supplying enough job opportunities for the homeless rernains a challenge.
B)Everyone is pulling in the same direction to solve the bonelessness problem
C)The increase in new housing falls short of the demand of the growing homeless population.
D)Los Angeles'homeless condition is deteriorating fasterthan many people predict.
55.How do most Los Angeles residents now feel about homelessness?
A)They are increasingly ashamed about its scale.
B)They find it no more scaring than it appears.
C)They are less and less indifferent to it
D)They no longer find it shocking.
26.G)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，散步不僅可以緩解你的抑郁，而且根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，_____散步的抑郁癥患者的_____改善程度和吃藥的人一樣。將備選形容詞分別代入句中，只有G)daily“每日的，每天的”符合句意，故為答案。備選的其 他形容詞均不能使句意通順，因此排除。
27.N)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，散步不僅可以緩解你的抑郁，而且根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，每天散步的抑郁癥患者的_____改善程度和吃藥的人一樣。備選名詞中，只有N)symptoms“癥狀”符合句意，故為答案。
28.D)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，事實(shí)上，這個(gè)研究中有60%到70%的參與者甚至不再被_____為抑郁癥患者。由上一句可知，該研究表明，抑郁癥患者每日散步之后病情有所改善，所以他們不再被認(rèn)為息有抑郁癥，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“認(rèn)為，劃分”意義的動(dòng)詞-ed形式，由此確定答案為 D)classified。備選的其他動(dòng)詞-ed 形式均沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
29.F)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，骨骼強(qiáng)壯的人可以避免骨質(zhì)疏松癥和隨之_____的所有問(wèn)題， 比如骨折和其他殘疾。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，骨折通常是由骨質(zhì)疏松導(dǎo)致的，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“發(fā)生，引起”意義的動(dòng)詞原形。備選動(dòng)詞中，A)accompany與F)come均有此義，但是A)accompany 是及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能與with連用，由此確定答案為F)come。備選的其他動(dòng)詞均沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
30.H)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，但就骨骼而言，它_____是用進(jìn)廢退：為了保持骨骼強(qiáng)壯，你必須堅(jiān)持鍛煉。由冒號(hào)之后的句子可知，如果不鍛煉，骨骼就無(wú)法保持強(qiáng)壯，即冒號(hào)前提到的 use it or lose it這種二選一的情況。由此可知，use it or lose it是一定會(huì)發(fā)生的，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“一 定地，確定地”意義的副詞，由此確定答案為H)definitely。備選的其他副詞均沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
31.K)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常走路的成年人一生的骨密度要比他們_____朋友高。本段指出，散步可以提高骨密度，而且要保持骨骼強(qiáng)壯，必須堅(jiān)持鍛煉。由此可以推斷，經(jīng)常走路的成年人的骨密度比不常鍛煉的人要高，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“不活動(dòng)的，不鍛煉的”意義的形容詞，由此確定答案為K)inactive。
32.E)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，散步可以很好地_____你的頭腦或釋放壓力。由句意可知，散步對(duì)改善情緒有好處，可以使大腦清晰，理清思路，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“使清晰，清理”意義的動(dòng)詞-ing形式，由此確定答案為E)clearing 。備選的其他動(dòng)詞-ing 形式均沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
33.C)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句指出，它還提供了一個(gè)與朋友和家人_____的好機(jī)會(huì)。備選動(dòng)詞原形中，A)accompany是及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能與with連用，故排除；F)come代入句中不符合句意，也可排除；C)bond“(與某人)培養(yǎng)一種特殊的關(guān)系”符合句意，故為答案。
34.I)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，它還提供了一個(gè)與朋友和家人建立聯(lián)系的好機(jī)會(huì)，遠(yuǎn)離電子產(chǎn)品和家里的其他_____。由句意可知，電子產(chǎn)品會(huì)妨礙人們與朋友、家人建立聯(lián)系，是一種干擾，那么本空應(yīng)填入含有“干擾，分心”意義的名詞，由此確 定答案為I)distractions。備選的其他名詞復(fù)數(shù)沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
35.M)【語(yǔ)義判斷】空格所在句的意思是，更好的是，你樹(shù)立了一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的榜樣，因?yàn)楫?dāng)他們看到你從散步中_____益處時(shí)，他們也會(huì)受到鼓勵(lì)，愿意多走路。根據(jù)句意可知，通過(guò)走路可以獲得好處，因此本空應(yīng)填入含有“獲得”意義的動(dòng)詞，由此確定答案 為M)reaping。備選的其他動(dòng)詞均沒(méi)有此含義，因此排除。
36 .【定位】由題干中的lion dancers、from door to door to bring New Year wishes和business people定位到文章F)段第一句。
F)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，舞師者穿越唐人街，從一家店到另一家店，為來(lái)年帶來(lái)好運(yùn)。題干中的from door to door to bring New Year wishes to business people對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的from business to business to bring good luck for the coming year,故答案為F)。
37.【定位】由題干中的The New York dance club、entertainment和safely定位到文章C)段第二句。
C)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，對(duì)青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，俱樂(lè)部同時(shí)也是一個(gè)娛樂(lè)中心和安全庇護(hù)所，在這里隨處可見(jiàn)電子游戲。題干中的serves as a place for entertainment對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的acts as a recreation center,題干中的 youngsterscan enjoy themselves safely是 對(duì) 定 位 句 中safe haven for teenagers 和with video games readily available的概括歸納，故答案為C)。
38.【定位】由題干中的Lion dancers 和 imagination定位到文章J)段第三句。
J)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，要成為一名合格的舞獅者，需要有一種想象力。題干中的have a little imagination和 perform well分別對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的there's a sense of imaginationinvolved和makes you acompetent lion dancer,故答案為J)。
39.【定位】由題干中的different versions和the origin of the lion dance定位到文章E)段第二句。
E) 【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，關(guān)于舞獅的起源有各種各樣的故事，但大多數(shù)故事都與一個(gè)叫“年”的怪物有關(guān)。題干中的a number of different versions about the origin of the lion dance是對(duì)定位句中Stories vary about how lion dancing came to be的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為E)。
40.【定位】由題干中的50% of the members定位到文章B)段倒數(shù)第二句。
B) 【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，青少年約占舞獅團(tuán)的一半，其中很多人從14歲開(kāi)始舞獅。題干中的Some 50% of the members對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的comprise about half of the group,故答案為B)。
41.【定位】由題干中的feels proud和cultural tradition定位到文章L)段倒數(shù)第二、三句。
L)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，作為中國(guó)人或 亞商美國(guó)人，樂(lè)先生珍視自己的文化和傳統(tǒng)，并為此感到非常自豪。題干中的One club member指的是樂(lè)先生，題干中的feels proud of his cultural tradition 是對(duì)定位句中valuemy aulureand tradition 和have a lot of pride的概括歸納，故答案為L(zhǎng))。
42.【定位】由題干中的Two dancers、the lion's head 和boby定位到文章G)段第一、二句。
G)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，獅子的頭和尾巴由兩個(gè)人操作。當(dāng)一個(gè)人控制獅頭時(shí)，第二個(gè)人在代表獅子身體的織物下面跟著。題干中的Two dancers對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的two people,題干中的one manipulating the lion's head and the other its body是對(duì)定位句中one person controls the head,a second follows under a train of fabric representing the body的概括歸納，故答案為G)。
43.【定位】由題干中的compares their New York dance club to a family 定位到文章D)段第三句。
D)【精析】同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。定位句提到，阿爾文·周認(rèn)為他們是一個(gè)大家庭，并在進(jìn)門(mén)時(shí)與其他成員握手。題干中的 One lion dancer指的是阿爾文·周， 題干中的compares their New York dance club to a family對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的We're a big family,故答案為D)。
44.【定位】由題干中的generations 和 Chinese culture 定位到文章I)段倒數(shù)第二、三句。
I)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，陳先生認(rèn)為舞 獅代代相傳至關(guān)重要，我們需要傳承傳統(tǒng)和文化，這是我們文化的一部分。題干中的Lion dance should be handed down to future generations 對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的passing the dance from one generation to he next,題干中的as part of Chinese culture對(duì)應(yīng)定位句中的a part of our culture,故答案為I)。
45.【定位】由題干中的One lion dancer和 his elders 定位到文章L)段第二、三句。
L) 【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。定位句提到，樂(lè)先生出生于一個(gè)舞獅家庭，他的叔叔和父親都是舞獅俱樂(lè)部成員，他在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，總是看著家人舞獅，慢慢地對(duì)它產(chǎn)生了興趣。題干中的 One lion dancer指的是樂(lè)先生，題干中的learned how to perform from his elders是對(duì)定位句中watch my family and see the lion dance,and I slowly grew interested in it的概括歸納，故答案為L(zhǎng))。
46.【定位】由題干中的employees和opposed to team-building exercises定位到第一段第二句。
A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，不幸的是，許多員工對(duì)于這種強(qiáng)制性的感情聯(lián)絡(luò)感到反感，且經(jīng)常將其視為令人討厭的事情，故答案為A)。
47.【定位】由題干中的 Dr Matousand his team 和improve productivity定位到第四段第一至三句。
B)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句提到，形成、結(jié)合、重組團(tuán)隊(duì)，重新安置員工以及重新設(shè)計(jì)辦公室。所有的這些都是為了提高工作效率，提升合作及團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力，故答案為B)。
48.【定位】由題干中的 Matous'team和some team- building exercises定位到第五段。
D)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位段表明，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，專(zhuān)注于分享和干預(yù)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間的個(gè)人態(tài)度和關(guān)系的團(tuán)建活動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是拙劣且有侵犯性的，盡管研究人員表明一定程度上的開(kāi)放性及脆弱性對(duì)于和同事發(fā)展深入的，有效的關(guān)系是有必要的，故答案為D)。
49.【定位】由題干中的the self-disclosure approach 和 interpersonal closeness 定位到第七段最后一句。
B)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句提到，然而，想要成功，這必須是自愿的，故答案為B)。
50.【定位】由題干中的the various psychological methods 和other fields定位到最后一段第二句。
D)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出馬圖斯博士的觀點(diǎn)：在謹(jǐn)慎的情況下，很多相關(guān)的優(yōu)化團(tuán)隊(duì)及組織的方法可以借鑒其他領(lǐng)域，故答案為D)。
51.【定位】由題干中的the citizens of Los Angeles和voteto raise their own taxes定位到首段最后一句。
A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，此舉的目的是為一項(xiàng)耗資數(shù)十億美元、為期10年的項(xiàng)目提供資金，該項(xiàng)目為無(wú)家可歸者提供住房和社會(huì)服務(wù)。由此可知，洛杉磯市民投票提高稅收是為了解決城市中的無(wú)家可歸問(wèn)題，故答案為A)。
52.【定位】由題干中的the homeless 和題文同序原則 定位到第三段第二句。
C)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，人們就傾向于把他們的處境歸咎于受害人自己——把他們的失敗歸于性格問(wèn)題、道德缺失，或是懶惰。由此可知， 人們認(rèn)為無(wú)家可歸者需要為自己的處境負(fù)責(zé)，故答案為C)。
53.【定位】由題干中的 causes 和become homeless定位到第三段末句。
A)【 精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，越來(lái)越多的人流落街頭是因?yàn)樗麄冞\(yùn)氣不佳或是犯過(guò)一系列的錯(cuò)誤，又或者是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)遺忘了他們——他們失去工作，或者被驅(qū)逐，又或者從一段不幸的婚姻中逃離，卻又正趕上住房市場(chǎng)越來(lái)越無(wú)情。最后一句是 用擬人的手法說(shuō)明，房?jī)r(jià)很高，無(wú)家可歸者承擔(dān)不起住所的費(fèi)用，故答案為A)。
54.【定位】由題干中的 thenew Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority report定位到第四段第二句。
C)【 精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，洛杉磯無(wú)家可歸者服務(wù)局本月發(fā)布的一份新報(bào)告顯示，該縣無(wú)家可歸者人口的增長(zhǎng)速度超過(guò)新住房的提供速度，故答案為C)。
55.【定位】由題干中的most Los Angeles residents和feel about homelessness定位到最后一段第一、二句。
D)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句提到，在世界上最富有的國(guó)家中，這種規(guī)模的無(wú)家可歸現(xiàn)象是可恥且令人震驚的，但大多數(shù)洛杉磯的居民們不再感到震驚或差?lèi)u，故答案為D)。
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