2016年普通高等學(xué)校全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）

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2016年普通高等學(xué)校全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試(北京卷)

英語(yǔ)

本試卷共16頁(yè)， 共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)：30 分)

第一節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話你將聽一遍。

1.What does the man want to borrow?

A.A pencil. B.An eraser. C.A pen.

2.What is the woman doing now?

A.Eating. B.Going home. C.Having group study.

3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation?

A.A candle. B.A radio. C.A flashlight.

4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A.In a bank. B. In a hotel. C.In a store.

5.Where will the man go for his holiday?

A.Brazil. B.Denmark. C.Greece.

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

聽下面4段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays?

A.At 5:00 pm. B.At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm.

7.What have the two speakers decided to do now?

A.Go shopping. B.Take a walk. C.Have dinner

聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。

8.Why does the man make the call?

A.To make a booking.

B.To make a suggestion.

C.To make an appointment.

9.When will the man return from London?

A.On March 10. B. On March 12. C. On March 22.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.What is the possible between the two speakers ?

A.Headmaster and teacher.

B.Manager and customer.

C.Boss and clerk.

11.On which of following days will woman work?

A.Wednesday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.

12.How often will the woman have on-the-job training?

A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a year.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。

13.What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A.Course materials.

B. After-school activities.

C. Changes in the timetable.

14.What will the first class be today?

A.English. B.History. C.Art.

15.Which group will meet on Friday?

A.The debating group.

B.The handball group.

C.The music group.

第三節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，共7.5分)

聽下面一段對(duì)話，完成第16至第20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個(gè)詞。聽對(duì)話前，你將有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。這段對(duì)話你將聽兩遍。

Customer Service Form

Room No. 16

NameGeorge 17

Phone No.61-293-312097

EventBooking a(n) 18

Leaving:1:20 pm from the hotel to the MQ 19

Returning:8:00 pm waiting 20 the MQ and then back to hotel

第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，45 分)

第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空(共 15 小題;每小題 1 分，共 15 分)

從每題所給的 ABCD 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ________,we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. What’s more B.That’s to say

C.In other words D.Believe it or not

答案是D。

21.Jack in the lab when the power cut occurred.

A.works B.has worked C.was working D.would work

22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.

A.whose B.why C.where D.which

23.—Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars.We here for more than two hours.

A.waited B.wait C.would be waiting D.have been waiting

24.Your support is important to our work. You can do helps.

A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

25.I half of the English novel,and I，ll try to finish it at the weekend.

A.read B.have read C.am reading D.will read

26. it easier to get in touch with us, you，d better keep this card at hand.

A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make

27.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, he，s in his nineties.

A.as long as B.as if C. even though D.in case

28.______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

A. Ordering B. To order

C. Having ordered D. Ordered

29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely dust.

A. what B. that

C. whether D. why

30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts______ success in the end.

A. rewarded B. were rewarded

C. will reward D. will be rewarded

31. I love the weekend,because I_____ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.

A. needn’t B. mustn’t

C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t

32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _______ the old town into a dreamland.

A. turn B. turning

C. to turn D. turned

33. I really enjoy listening to music ___ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.

A. because B.before

C. unless D. until

34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ___ me, I could have helped.

A. told B. had told

C. were to tell D. would tell

35. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ______ I have seen yesterday and I love today.

A. so B. and

C. for D. but

第二節(jié) 完形填空(共 20 小題;每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分)

閱讀下面短文， 掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上講該項(xiàng) 涂黑。

A Race Against Death

It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(傳染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.

How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn`t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn`t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn`t exist yet.

41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).

The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold. 學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

On January 31， a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.

A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕跡)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 5 2 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had foung the trail

At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recoverd. 學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

Nome had been 55 .

36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured

37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless

38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However

39.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border

40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty

41.A.From B.On C.By D.After

42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick

43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic

44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road

45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give

46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If

47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross

48.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish

49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die

50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination

51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change

52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning

53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play

54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived

55.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed

第三部分：閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，20 分)

第一節(jié)(共 15 小題;每小題 2 分，共 30 分)

閱讀下列短文：從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，將正確的選項(xiàng)涂在答題卡上。

A

Dear Alfred，

I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.

Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADIID(注意力缺陷多動(dòng)障礙). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.

However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.

While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.

Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose.

Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. 學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.

This is why you’re saving my life.

Yours,

Tanis

56. why did’t Tanis go to college after high school?

A.She had learned enough about computer science

B. She had more difficulty keeping foucesed

C.She preferred taking online courses

D.She was too slow to learn

57. AS for the working environment,Tains prefers____.

A .working by herself

B.dealing with the public

C.competing against others

D.staying with ADHD students

58.Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____.

A.explain why she was interested in the computer

B.share the ideas she had for her profession

C .show how grateful she was to the center

D.describe the courses she had taken so far

B

Surviving Hurricane Sandy(颶風(fēng)桑迪)

Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says.

On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed.

When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. 學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.

“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.”

Natalie’s choice was to help.

She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to halp. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.

In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.

Today, the scars(創(chuàng)痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”

59.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she found______.

A.some friends had lost their lives

B.her neighborhood was destroyed

C.her school had moved to Brooklyn

D.the elderly were free from suffering

60.According to paragraph4,who inspired Natalie most?

A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild

B.The people trapped in high_rise building

C.The volunteers donating money to suevivors

D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people

61.How did Natalie help the survivors?

A.She gave her toys to the kids

B.She took care of younger children

C.She called on the White House to help

D.She built an information sharing platform

62.What does the story intend to tell us?

A.Little people can make a big difference

B.A friend in need is a friend indeed

C.East or West,home is best

D.Technology is power

C

California Condor’s Shocking Recovery

 

  California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines an d lead poisoning(鉛中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.

In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.

Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(電死) if they touch two lines at once.

So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.

Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(腎) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.

Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”

63.California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .

A.are active at night

B.had to be bred in the wild

C.are found on in California

D.almost died out in the 1980s

64. Researchers have found electrical lines are .

A.blocking condors’ journey home

B. big killers of Califorbnia condoras

C. rest places for condors at night

D. used to keep condors away

65.According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning .

A.makes condors too nervous to fly

B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys

C. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors’ blood

D. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds

66.The passage shows that .

A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactory

B.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering

C.the efforts to protect condors bave brought good results

D.researchers have found the final answers to the problem

D

Why College Is Not Home

The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself bothe intellectually(在思維方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.

Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群體) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.

Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(規(guī)定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.

It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.

Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.

67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?

A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving

C.Supportive D.Neutral

68.The underlined word “passage” in Paraghaph 2 means .

A.change B.choice

C.text D.extension

69.According to the anthor ,what role should college play?

A.to develop a shared identity among students

B.to define and regulate students’ social behavior

C.To provide a safe world without tension for students

D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development

70.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

 

第二節(jié)(共 5 小題;每小題 2 分。共 10 分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確的填入空白處。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.

75 For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. 學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A.It all depends on your character.

B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F.However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

第四部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，35 分)

第一節(jié)(15分)

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)朋友Jim 在給你的郵件中提到他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史很感興趣，并請(qǐng)你介紹一位你喜歡的中國(guó)歷史人物。請(qǐng)你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

1. 該人物是誰;

2. 該人物的主要貢獻(xiàn);

3. 該人物對(duì)你的影響。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)不少于50;

2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Jim,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二節(jié) ( 20 分)

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華。你班同學(xué)參加了學(xué)校的“地球日”系列活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)按照以下四幅圖的先后順序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”為題，給?？?ldquo;英語(yǔ)角”寫一篇英文稿件，介紹活動(dòng)的全過程。

注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。學(xué)科&網(wǎng)

提示詞：地球日Earth Day