英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解：結(jié)合真題實(shí)例做細(xì)節(jié)題

　　一)細(xì)節(jié)題
　　1.若針對(duì)舉例子、名人言論、特殊符號(hào)后的內(nèi)容出題，考生只讀例子、名人言論、特殊符號(hào)前后句內(nèi)容，即可選出正確答案。
　?。壅骖}例解］(2001年1月第15題)
　　Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep.Jerome M.Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half brain sleep“is just the tip of the iceberg(冰山)”.He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.
　　Q:By “just the tip of the iceberg”(Line 2,Para.8),Siegel suggests that.
　　A)half brain sleep has something to do with icy weather
　　B)the mystery of half brain sleep is close to being solved
　　C)most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers
　　D)half brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other species
　　答案為D）。根據(jù)引號(hào)內(nèi)容很快找到原文相關(guān)部分，其后的內(nèi)容必是對(duì)該問(wèn)的解釋。第二句中說(shuō)加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的Ferome M.Siegel推測(cè)鳥(niǎo)類的半腦睡眠現(xiàn)象只是冰山露出來(lái)的一角。第三句說(shuō)如果我們對(duì)其他物種作進(jìn)一步認(rèn)真仔細(xì)的觀察，可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的例證，所以D正確。因此考生只要理解第二句、第三句的意思即可選出正確答案。
　　2.如果只是針對(duì)某一段的內(nèi)容提出問(wèn)題的話，考生只看該段內(nèi)容即可答題，而不必看完全文才做答。
　　［真題例解］(2002年12月第29題)
　　In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states; average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today.But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims.And with so much more money floating in the workers’ compensation system, it’s not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.
　　Q： After 1972 workers’ compensation insurance in the U.S became more favorable to workers so that .
　　A) the poverty level for a family of four went up drastically
　　B) more money was allocated to their compensation system
　　C) there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claims
　　D) the number of workers suing for damages increased
　　答案為D）。根據(jù)題干中的“after 1972”可馬上判斷出線索在最后一段。這一段的大意是說(shuō)自1972年后，越來(lái)越多的人因工傷索賠而獲益，所以越來(lái)越多的人就進(jìn)行索賠，那么也就有醫(yī)生和律師也來(lái)分一杯羹。尤其第二句話提到：索賠獲益每增加10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行索賠的工人人數(shù)就增加了5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，與D）一致。
　　3.選項(xiàng)中同義詞替換的一般是答案，而與原文相同或極其相似的選項(xiàng)一般不是答案項(xiàng)。
　　［真題例解］
　　No woman can be too rich or too thin.This saying often attributed to the late Duchess(公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times.Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.(2002年6月第26題)
　　Q：In the eyes of the author,an odd phenomenon nowadays is that.
　　A) the Duchess of Windor is regarded as a woman of virtue
　　B) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune
　　C) being thin is viewed as a much desired quality
　　D) religious people are not necessarily virtuous
　　答案為C)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本段第二句話中的“odd spirit”指的就是下面的一句話“Being thin is deemed as such a virtue”。選項(xiàng)C）中的viewed與句中的deemed均指thought之意；desired quality恰恰就是virtue的解釋。
　　Most systems are basically identical.The differences come in hardware—the way the computer accepts the driver’s request for directions and the way it presents the driving instructions.On most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch screen or disc.But the Lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directions to it.(2000年1月第23題)
　　Q：Despite their varied designs, navigation computers used in cars.
　　A) are more or less the same price
　　B) provide directions in much the same way
　　C) work on more or less the same principles
　　D) receive instructions from the same satellites
　　答案是C)。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中B)“directions”和D)項(xiàng)“instructions”都與原文有關(guān)。但據(jù)本段第二句話，計(jì)算機(jī)接受來(lái)自司機(jī)方向指示的方式及執(zhí)行驅(qū)動(dòng)指令等硬件方面是不同的，所以B)項(xiàng)和D)項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文的曲解。從本段第1句話可知很多系統(tǒng)基本上是相似的，這與C)項(xiàng)的意思一致。
　　4.選項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案。
　　這些語(yǔ)氣詞有：always,the most, never, all, only, no, none, exclusively, hardly等，而選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語(yǔ)氣詞一般是正確選項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有：
　　may,often,usually,might,could,more or less, possible, not necessarily等。
　?。壅骖}例解］(2002年12月第31題)
　　When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy（吝嗇的）taxpayers.There is some truth to that; the property tax rate here is one third lower than the state average.But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point.Their aim was to spur Passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.
　　Q： We learn from the Passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded .
　　A) mainly by the state government
　　B) exclusively by the local government
　　C) by the National Education Association
　　D) by both the local and state government
　　快速閱讀本段可知答案在A)、B)、D)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)A)和選項(xiàng)B)說(shuō)得過(guò)于絕對(duì)，D)項(xiàng)用了both…and句型，所以D)為正確答案。但是，如果時(shí)間來(lái)得及，一定要到原文中驗(yàn)證答案。由本段第一句話中“students as victims of stingy taxpayers”和第二句話中提到的當(dāng)?shù)氐亩惵瘦^低這一點(diǎn)可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃?jīng)費(fèi)一部分來(lái)自于地方的稅收；再由本段最后一句話中“the states share of school funding”可知，州政府也分擔(dān)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)。故驗(yàn)證D）為正確答案。
　　5.議論文中，那些符合一般常識(shí)的選項(xiàng)，富有深刻哲理，符合一般規(guī)律的選項(xiàng)常常是正確答案。