英語聽力文摘 游泳池里的細(xì)菌

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Swimming With Germs

到游泳館游泳消暑逐漸成為市民推崇的運(yùn)動之一。盡管游泳館都要求游泳者必須辦理健康證，但健康證多流于形式，無法起到防范的作用。目前，市內(nèi)一些大的游泳館的水質(zhì)基本能保證合格，但館內(nèi)的公用扶梯、公用水龍頭以及池邊的躺椅容易被人們忽視，而成為病菌的傳播媒介。所以在游泳館不要將貼身衣物直接放在公用衣柜，可以把貼身衣物放在袋子里再放進(jìn)衣柜，不要用公用的拖鞋、浴巾、毛巾，游完后及時沐浴，以避免傳染。如果有可能，還可用一些含碘的洗液稀釋后擦拭皮膚，然后沖洗掉。游泳后用氯霉素或青霉素眼藥水點眼睛。此外，游泳衣要用肥皂清洗干凈，并在太陽下曬干，但不宜長時間暴曬。

How clean is the average backyard pool is? Find out on this Moment of Science.

Everybody loves the swimming pool. But how clean is the water in the average backyard or public pool? If you trust (1)chlorine to take care of germs, you’re in for a surprise.

Chlorine and other (2)disinfectants do indeed help to clean the water, but some germs can survive in even the best-kept pool. For example, (3)cryptosporidium may live in pool water for several days. Crypto causes a (4)diarrheal illness and may (5)rinse off the bodies of infected people or (6)diapered children into the pool. If you swallow infected pool water, you may become sick.

Other germs may live for a few minutes or a few hours in a chlorinated pool: Giardia(鞭毛蟲), Shigella(志賀氏菌), and E. Coli(大腸桿菌) may cause diarrheal illnesses. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa(綠膿桿菌) may cause an ear infection called swimmer’s ear and also a skin infection called “hot tub rash(熱浴池皮疹),” that is usually associated with very warm pools and spas.

While keeping the correct chlorine and ph levels will minimize (7)water-borne illness, prevention is also a good idea. Keep diapered children in the water for only brief periods and keep sick people out of the water altogether. And, don’t ever swallow pool water.

譯文：

和細(xì)菌游泳

每個人都喜歡游泳池。但是在一般的后院和游泳池的水有多清潔呢?如果你相信氯可以制服細(xì)菌，那么接下來的就會讓你驚奇。

氯和其它的消毒劑的確有助于清潔水，但是一些細(xì)菌在保護(hù)很好的水池里仍然可以存活。列如：隱孢子蟲可能在池水中生活很多天。隱孢子蟲能引起腹瀉，并且會從進(jìn)入泳池的被感染病人或者帶尿布孩子的身上被沖刷下來。如果你吞下被感染的池水，也會生病。

其它的細(xì)菌可能在氯化池里生存幾分鐘或者幾個小時：鞭毛蟲，志賀氏菌，和大腸桿菌可能引起腹瀉。綠膿桿菌可能引起游泳性耳炎的耳朵感染以及熱浴池皮疹的皮膚感染。熱浴池皮疹通常與非常溫暖的水池和溫泉有關(guān)。

盡管保持正確的氯和pH值能夠減少通過水傳播的疾病，可是預(yù)防也是一個好主意。保持仍帶尿布的孩子在水中只停留短暫的時間，使病人遠(yuǎn)離水。并且永遠(yuǎn)不要吞下池水。

Notes:

(1)chlorine ['kl?:ri:n] n.氯

(2)disinfectants n.消毒劑;消毒水;消毒樂

(3)cryptosporidium [,kript?u'sp?ridi?m] n.隱孢子蟲

(4)diarrheal [,dai?'ri:ik] adj.腹瀉的

An increase in diarrheal illness in New York City followed a massive power outage in 2003.

2003年紐約市大規(guī)模供電中斷，造成了當(dāng)?shù)馗篂a病癥的大量增加。

(5)rinse [rins] vt.漱;沖洗掉;漂凈 n.沖洗;漂洗;染發(fā)劑;染發(fā) vi.沖洗掉;漂凈

She rinsed her hands quickly before eating.

她吃東西以前很快洗了一下手。

(6)diaper ['dai?p?] n.尿布 vt.給孩子換尿布

cloth diapered two kids and LOVED every minute of it.

我的兩個小孩都使用尿布，而且非常喜歡。

(7)water-borne adj.水傳播的;由水浮起的;水運(yùn)的;飲水傳染的

It tells the research and use of water-borne alkyd resin coatings and points out its prospects in vehicle and architecture fields.

醇酸樹脂水性化的研究及在車輛建筑領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用，指出水性醇酸樹脂涂料的發(fā)展前景。