中級(jí)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
在這一課里, 我們繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞.
首先還是依照慣例, 請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說(shuō)彼得星期六下午遇見(jiàn)了他的同學(xué)瑪麗, 兩個(gè)人談到星期五晚上學(xué)校開(kāi)舞會(huì)的事情. 現(xiàn)在我請(qǐng)兩位英文老師念
這段對(duì)話, 請(qǐng)你特別注意英文老師的發(fā)音和語(yǔ)調(diào).
M: Where were you this morning?
F: This morning? I was at home, helping my mother.
M: Why weren't you at school? Weren't you on the clean up committee for the dance?
F: No, I wasn't on that committee. I was on the decorating committee.
M: Oh! Well, the decorations were very nice.
F: We worked on them all day Friday. Were you at the dance last night?
M: Yes, I was. I didn't see you there.
F: I was there, but there were a lot of people, and I didn't stay very long.
M: It was a nice dance, wasn't it?
F: Yes, I enjoyed it very much.
現(xiàn)在我再請(qǐng)英文老師把整段對(duì)話用慢速度念一遍. 這次請(qǐng)你特別注意對(duì)話里的過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞.
M: Where were you this morning?
F: This morning? I was at home, helping my mother.
M: Why weren't you at school? Weren't you on the clean up committee for the dance?
F: No, I wasn't on that committee. I was on the decorating committee.
M: Oh! Well, the decorations were very nice.
F: We worked on them all day Friday. Were you at the dance last night?
M: Yes, I was. I didn't see you there.
F: I was there, but there were a lot of people, and I didn't stay very long.
M: It was a nice dance, wasn't it?
F: Yes, I enjoyed it very much.
在剛才那段對(duì)話里有幾種不同的過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞, 現(xiàn)在我挑選出幾個(gè)例子, 請(qǐng)英文老師再用慢速度念一遍:
M: Where were you this morning?
F: I was at home.
M: Why weren't you at school?
F: I wasn't on that committee.
F: We worked on them all day Friday.
M: I didn't see you there.
F: I enjoyed it very much.
二.BE的過(guò)去式
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始作練習(xí). 首先我們練習(xí)動(dòng)詞 be, b-e, be 的過(guò)去式.下面我舉的例子都是跟剛才那段對(duì)話有關(guān)系的. 比方彼得跟瑪麗參加了學(xué)校的舞會(huì), 這個(gè)舞會(huì)是在學(xué)校體育館舉行的等等. 每個(gè)句子我們念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一句, 跟著老師重復(fù)一句.
M: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night.
F: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night.
M: There were a lot of people at the dance.
F: There were a lot of people at the dance.
M: It was a nice dance.
F: It was a nice dance.
M: The dance was in the school gymnasium.
F: The dance was in the school gymnasium.
M: Mary was on the decorating committee.
F: Mary was on the decorating committee.
M: Peter was on the clean up committee.
F: Peter was on the clean up committee.
下面一組練習(xí)是把 was 跟否定式 was not 也就是 wasn't 作個(gè)比較. 句子的內(nèi)容還是跟剛才那段對(duì)話有關(guān)系. 每個(gè)句子我們還是念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一遍, 跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.
M: Mary was at home this morning, but Peter wasn't.
F: Mary was at home this morning, but Peter wasn't.
M: Peter was at school this morning, but Mary wasn't.
F: Peter was at school this morning, but Mary wasn't.
M: Mary was on the decorating committee, but Peter wasn't.
F: Mary was on the decorating committee, but Peter wasn't.
M: Peter was on the clean up committee, but Mary wasn't.
F: Peter was on the clean up committee, but Mary wasn't.
下面一組練習(xí)是比較 were 跟否定式 were not 也就是 weren't. 還是請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一遍跟著老師重復(fù)一遍.
M: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night, but Henry and Kate weren't.
F: Peter and Mary were at the dance last Friday night, but Henry and Kate weren't.
M: There were a lot of students at the dance, but there weren't a lot of teachers.
F: There were a lot of students at the dance, but there weren't a lot of teachers.
三.復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式
現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式. 下面這組換字練習(xí)的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)學(xué)生舉行舞會(huì)的經(jīng)過(guò), 比方他們舞會(huì)之前畫(huà)海報(bào), 請(qǐng)樂(lè)隊(duì), 舞會(huì)之后清理會(huì)場(chǎng)等等. 老師先念一個(gè)句子, 接著老師念一個(gè)新詞組, 叫學(xué)生把新詞組代換到原來(lái)的句子里. 請(qǐng)你跟學(xué)生一起作練習(xí). 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始.
M: The students worked very hard for the dance.
M: needed to decorate the gymnasium
F: The students needed to decorate the gymnasium.
M: painted posters for the dance
F: The students painted posters for the dance.
M: hired a band to play music
F: The students hired a band to play music.
M: danced with their partners
F: The students danced with their partners.
M: talked when they danced
F: The students talked when they danced.
M: enjoyed the dance very much
F: The students enjoyed the dance very much.
M: cleaned up the gymnasium after the dance
F: The students cleaned up the gymnasium after the dance.
四.幾個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式做用字問(wèn)答練習(xí)
下面我們練習(xí)幾個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式. 首先我們學(xué)習(xí) pay, p-a-y, pay 的過(guò)去式paid, p-a-i-d, paid. 現(xiàn)在英文老師用 did 提出一些跟學(xué)生舞會(huì)有關(guān)系的過(guò)去式問(wèn)句, 每問(wèn)一句, 他就給你一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的答覆, 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)他提出的詞組和 paid 來(lái)回答問(wèn)題. 我先給你舉一個(gè)例子.
M: Did the students pay some money for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, the students paid some money for the dance.
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始作練習(xí). 每作完一句, 老師會(huì)念出正確的答案, 你自己比較
一下, 看作得對(duì)不對(duì).
M: Did the students pay some money for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, the students paid some money for the dance.
M: Did all of them pay?
M: Yes
F: Yes, all of them paid.
M: When did they pay the money?
M: last Monday
F: They paid the money last Monday.
下面我們要練習(xí)的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞 buy, b-u-y, buy 跟 bring, b-r-i-n-g, bring 在變成過(guò)去式的時(shí)候有共同點(diǎn): buy 變成 bought, b-o-u-g-h-t, bought; bring 變成 brought,
b-r-o-u-g-h-t, brought. 現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)練習(xí)這兩個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式. 還是由老師用did 和現(xiàn)在式動(dòng)詞提出問(wèn)句, 然后老師給你一個(gè)詞組,請(qǐng)你用這個(gè)詞組跟 bought或是 brought 回答問(wèn)題. 這些問(wèn)題都是說(shuō)到學(xué)生為了開(kāi)舞會(huì),到超級(jí)市場(chǎng)買(mǎi)了食物和飲料, 他們帶了朋友一起參加舞會(huì)之類(lèi)跟舞會(huì)有關(guān)系的問(wèn)題. 在你回答問(wèn)題之后還是請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)正確的答案.
M: Did the students buy a lot of things for the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, they bought a lot of things.
M: What did they buy?
M: food and drinks
F: They bought food and drinks.
M: Where did they buy them?
M: in the supermarket
F: They bought them in the supermarket.
M: Who did the students bring to the dance?
M: their friends
F: They brought their friends to the dance.
M: Where did the students bring their friends?
M: gymnasium
F: They brought their friends to the gymnasium.
下面我們要練習(xí)的三個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 begin, b-e-g-i-n, begin, drink, d-r-i-n-k, drink跟 sing, s-i-n-g, sing 在變成過(guò)去式的時(shí)候 "i" 都變成 "a", 所以 begin 變成了began; drink 變成了 drank; sing 了變成 sang. 現(xiàn)在我們還是跟剛才一樣作練習(xí).
老師提出的問(wèn)題還是都是跟舞會(huì)有關(guān)系的, 比方舞會(huì)幾點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)始, 學(xué)生在舞會(huì)里喝了檸檬水跟可口可樂(lè), 瑪麗在舞會(huì)里唱了什么歌等等. 還是請(qǐng)你根據(jù)老師給你的詞組來(lái)回答問(wèn)題. 回答之后, 還是請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)正確答案.
M: When did the dance begin?
M: at 7 o'clock
F: The dance began at 7 o'clock
M: When did the students begin to dance?
M: at 7:30
F: They began to dance at 7:30.
M: What did the students drink at the dance?
M: lemonade and Coca Cola
F: They drank lemonade and Coca Cola.
M: Did some of them drink coffee?
M: Yes
F: Yes, some of them drank coffee.
M: Did Mary sing at the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, Mary sang at the dance.
M: What did Mary sing?
M: an American song
F: Mary sang an American song.
我們今天要練習(xí)的最后一個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式就是come, c-o-m-e, come 的過(guò)去式 came, c-a-m-e, came. 現(xiàn)在我們按照剛才的方式來(lái)練習(xí). 請(qǐng)你用老師提出的詞組跟 came 回答學(xué)生是幾點(diǎn)鐘來(lái)到會(huì)場(chǎng), 他們是怎么去的等等有關(guān)舞會(huì)的問(wèn)題. 回答之后, 請(qǐng)你跟老師念的正確答案作個(gè)比較.
M: Did a lot of people come to the dance?
M: Yes
F: Yes, a lot of people came to the dance.
M: When did most of them come?
M: at 7 o'clock
F: Most of them came at 7 o'clock.
M: How did most of them come?
M: by car
F: Most of them came by car.
五.聽(tīng)短文回答問(wèn)題
首先還是請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)一段文章, 內(nèi)容是說(shuō)在美國(guó)大學(xué)和高中里學(xué)生為了周未開(kāi)舞會(huì)成立委員會(huì)的事情, 還提到了彼德和瑪麗學(xué)校里開(kāi)舞會(huì)的種種情況.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽(tīng).
In American colleges and high schools, students often have dances at their schools on weekends. Students usually plan the dances and do a lot of work for them. They do this in committees. There was a dance last Friday night at Peter and Mary's school. Mary was on the decorating committee and Peter was on the clean up committee. The dance was in the school gymnasium. Every student paid two dollars for the dance. They spent some of the money on decorations and they hired a band to play music. They also bought some food and drinks. The dance began at 7 o' clock. Nearly 500 people came. Most of them were students of Peter and Mary's school. Some students brought friends from other schools. Everyone danced and had a good time.
剛才那段文章比較長(zhǎng), 但是我們今天的練習(xí)都是根據(jù)那段文章編的, 所以應(yīng)該
不太難懂. 你要是沒(méi)全懂, 等一會(huì)兒老師會(huì)再念一遍. 現(xiàn)在老師先把今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問(wèn)題念給你聽(tīng).
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What do American students often do on weekends?
第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What committees were Peter and Mary on?
第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: How did the students spend their money for the dance?
現(xiàn)在老師再把整段文章念一遍, 請(qǐng)你注意剛才三個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案.
In American colleges and high schools, students often have dances at their schools on weekends. Students usually plan the dances and do a lot of work for them. They do this in committees. There was a dance last Friday night at Peter and Mary's school. Mary was on the decorating committee and Peter was on the clean up committee. The dance was in the school gymnasium. Every student paid two dollars for the dance. They spent some of the money on decorations and they hired a band to play music. They also bought some food and drinks. The dance began at 7 o' clock. Nearly 500 people came. Most of them were students of Peter and Mary's school. Some students brought friends from other schools. Everyone danced and had a good time.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答問(wèn)題. 回答之后, 請(qǐng)你聽(tīng)正確答案.
第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What do American students often do on weekends?
F: They often have dances at their schools on weekends.
第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: What committees were Peter and Mary on?
F: They were on the decorating and clean up committees.
第三個(gè)問(wèn)題是:
M: How did the students spend their money for the dance?
F: They spent some of the money for decorations. They hired a band and they bought some food and drinks.
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