這個(gè)過(guò)程,可以用一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)來(lái)形容,那就是:a vicious circle. Vicious指“惡意的”“惡毒的”,circle則是“循環(huán)”的意思。所以,a vicious circle就是指“惡性循環(huán)”。
比如我剛才說(shuō)到的那個(gè)朋友,她嫌房子小,搬進(jìn)大房子,可住進(jìn)大房子,又要繼續(xù)花錢(qián)花時(shí)間。前前后后的事情相互關(guān)聯(lián),而總體趨勢(shì)是越來(lái)越差。
下面這段話中的這個(gè)人也和我的朋友一樣,本來(lái)預(yù)想得不錯(cuò),結(jié)果卻讓人失望。我們一起來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng):
例句-1:I used to complain that I wasn't living a comfortable life. So I earned my Master's degree and developed my job skills. Soon, I got promoted to Director of Sales. But that brought increased demands, including constant business travel. I have less leisure time than ever. What a vicious circle. I'm more miserable than before.
這段話是說(shuō):我以前總抱怨活得不夠舒適自在,為此我去念了個(gè)碩士學(xué)位,多學(xué)了一些工作上要用的東西。很快,我就被提升為銷售主任了??墒沁@帶來(lái)了更多的工作,包括經(jīng)常出差。我休閑放松的時(shí)間變得特別少。真是惡性循環(huán)。我現(xiàn)在的生活比以前更慘。
所以說(shuō),房子、金錢(qián)、事業(yè),對(duì)這些東西的追求應(yīng)當(dāng)適可而止,不然可能適得其反。畢竟,我們自己高興才是最重要的。
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人家都說(shuō)減肥需要長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持,而最怕的就是反彈。下面這段話中的姑娘就遇到了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。我們來(lái)聽(tīng)一聽(tīng):
例句-2:Sophia suffered from being overweight. By dieting and exercising, however, she managed to slim down. Dates began calling, taking her to fancy restaurants. Because of the rich food and desserts, she gained back all the weight she'd lost. She became the victim of a vicious circle. She's the heaviest she's ever been.
這段話的意思是:索非亞一直為自己體重超標(biāo)而苦惱。不過(guò),靠節(jié)食和運(yùn)動(dòng),她終于瘦下來(lái)了。這下,追求者們開(kāi)始給她打電話,帶她去高級(jí)餐廳吃飯約會(huì)。由于美食和甜點(diǎn)不斷,索非亞的體重反彈到了以前的水平。她成了惡性循環(huán)的受害者。現(xiàn)在,她比減肥之前還要胖。
減肥反彈雖然令人沮喪,但總比減肥不成,反把身體搞壞要強(qiáng)。我大學(xué)時(shí)有個(gè)同學(xué)亂減肥,結(jié)果得了一種病,叫"bulimia". Bulimia - 貪食癥。她總是覺(jué)得餓,要吃好多東西,可吃下去又覺(jué)得難受,要去催吐。這種折騰,對(duì)身體來(lái)說(shuō)完全是惡性循環(huán)。