現(xiàn)實與理想;眼前利益與長期利益;集體身份與人格獨立;規(guī)約與自由,利己與利他、競爭與合作、客觀束縛與主觀能動
人類之所以糾結,在于沉重的肉身和高傲的靈魂之間不可調(diào)和的矛盾。人若是卑微,總是世俗的紛擾讓我們難以自拔;人若是高尚,只是因為心中的理想。我們是魔鬼的孩子,卻長著天使的翅膀。
A man suffers from inescapable pain, a torturing split between the sunken flesh and the arrogant soul. So sunken the flesh is that a man indulges himself into lust, sloth, greed and hatred, so arrogant the soul is that he never abandons his rights of morality, religion, passion and freedom. A man is never a demon, nor is he an angel.
2、虛無性的題目:
知識、科技、實踐、經(jīng)驗、批判思維、歷史的真?zhèn)?、文化存在的本質(zhì)為人對所存在事物的感知,故而世界的本質(zhì)便是虛無。
The existence only exists in people's perception, which, by nature, is of vanity.
3、時間性題目:
傳統(tǒng)與創(chuàng)新、歷史是否可以被借鑒、科技與人文、進步
時間對于個體來說是線性而不可逆轉的;而對于整個宇宙,無非是一個周而復始的圓圈。
Time for individuals is consecutive and irreversible, but for the universe, just a repetitive circle.
4、政府與人民
人民除了權利,什么都沒有,甚至沒有使用權利的基本能力。因而他們選舉了一個叫做政府的機構。
Citizens, apart from claiming to have rights, in fact, have no capability to exercise their rights. Therefore, they select a government.
5、個體與集體、身份、領導者與大眾
他人給了你身份,故而,他們就是你的地獄。
Others bestow you an identity, and thus, they are the hell.
6、政治與道德
政治是權力的斗爭和利益的平衡。民主只是用制度制約人性的本惡。
Nothing is politics but the struggle of power and the balance of interests.
7、教育、傳統(tǒng)與創(chuàng)新、批判思考
教育用束縛的方式,啟迪了人們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^繼承而達到顛覆的目的。
Education, by means of confinement, enlightens people to inherit and then to overthrow the past.
8、人民與政府
政府是必要的惡。以自由為代價,確保了正義和公平。
Government is a necessary evil, ensuring the justice but at the cost of individual freedom.
9、領導、名人、英雄、信仰
人需要神從而不至迷茫;人需要顛覆神,因為神本身就是人造的產(chǎn)物。
By the guidance of idols, people are not perplexed; yet, they always destroy the idols and replace them with new ones, for idols are created to be destroyed.
10、科技與自然、革命與改革、領導與大眾、理想與現(xiàn)實、主觀與客觀、勇氣與卑微
人與外在世界永遠處于斗爭之中,只不過一些人為了茍活妥協(xié)了;而另一些人為了信仰反抗了。妥協(xié)的人不一定活下來了;反抗的人也未必真的犧牲了。甚至,妥協(xié)的人未必不是英雄;而反抗的人也不是注定不朽??傊澜绮辉淖?,改變的只是你我。
Human beings are always in a fight with external world. Some have compromised, and some still persist. The compromised are not blessed to live; and the persisted, not necessarily martyrs. Or even, the compromised are indeed heroes, and the persisted, fading away. The world does not change. We do.
11、 表象與本質(zhì)、目的與方法、批評與贊揚、批判與繼承
表象的對立往往意味著本質(zhì)的相同。
Superficial confrontation indicates the similarity of essence.
12、 科技與人文;創(chuàng)新與傳統(tǒng)
科技貌似推動人類向前,可前方是一片彷徨;人文讓我們照見過往,給了我們存在希望。
Technology seemingly pushes humans forward, yet forward to the unknown; humanities mirror humans into the past, the past of existence and hope.
13、批判、 傳統(tǒng)與創(chuàng)新、教育
批判的前提的訓練和繼承。
The prerequisite of rational critical thinking is the arduous training and undistinguished inheritance.
14、個體與集體、 創(chuàng)新與傳統(tǒng)、自由
個體的偉大在于始終與集體不懈的斗爭。個人追逐自由,集體限制自由。
The greatness of individuals lies in the uncompromised struggle against the collective conformity. They fight for freedom, a freedom banned by the collectivism.
15、法律與道德
法律限制人的基本的惡,來自于政府,讓人不至于淪為惡魔;道德是讓人性更加光輝,從而成為天使。
Laws prohibit human’s evils. It is the invention from government. By laws, humans do not turn to demons; morality glorifies humans, turning them into angels.