高考英語(yǔ)作文：四步打造高分英語(yǔ)作文

作文是英語(yǔ)高考的重頭戲，每年作文的類(lèi)型和主題也不盡相同，作文分?jǐn)?shù)的高低也直接影響著英語(yǔ)成績(jī)的高低，因此英文作文的備考也就成了每年英語(yǔ)備考的重點(diǎn)之一。下面我就不同的文體來(lái)講解一下如何打造高分英語(yǔ)作文：

一、各種類(lèi)型作文的特點(diǎn)

★圖表作文

1.仔細(xì)審題，看懂圖表的意思，整理要點(diǎn)，決定語(yǔ)言形式；

2.開(kāi)頭直截了當(dāng)，盡高考資源網(wǎng)快入題，不要拐彎抹角，拖泥帶水；

3.行文一般以10個(gè)句子為宜。若用少于8句話來(lái)表達(dá)，句子容易表達(dá)不清；若用多于10句話來(lái)描述，則句子零亂與瑣碎，文章缺乏整體感；

4.用最有把握的詞語(yǔ)句型將規(guī)定內(nèi)容加以表達(dá)，并根據(jù)圖表大意議論；

5.應(yīng)按照合理順序，適當(dāng)使用一些過(guò)渡性的連接詞，將句子連珠成串；

6.結(jié)尾要干凈利落，既不能拉雜，也不能草率，要顯得自然，恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w。

★提示議論文

文章開(kāi)頭，能依據(jù)提示確立主題句(topic)闡明觀點(diǎn)或看法；使用連接詞分層次說(shuō)明理由、緣由(supporting sentences)；歸納總結(jié)，首尾呼應(yīng)。做到論點(diǎn)正確無(wú)誤；論據(jù)可靠充分。論據(jù)可以是人們公認(rèn)的真理，也可以是經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)踐考證的經(jīng)典著作；論證合理嚴(yán)密。常用論證法有歸納法、推理法、對(duì)比法。

★記敘文

一般說(shuō)來(lái)有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果六要素，寫(xiě)作時(shí)要明白清楚地給予表達(dá)。記人時(shí)，要注意介紹人物的身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等。敘事時(shí)要描寫(xiě)事情發(fā)生與發(fā)展的過(guò)程。

★應(yīng)用文

主要以寫(xiě)信為主。英文書(shū)信由6個(gè)部分組成。它們是信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)、簽字。格式一定要正確。信的正文和寫(xiě)文章一樣，要分段寫(xiě)，每一段有一個(gè)中心思想。

二、四步打造高分英語(yǔ)作文

Step1：確定文體

常用文體有記敘文、說(shuō)明文，還有應(yīng)用文如書(shū)信等。近幾年的高考書(shū)面表達(dá)多以應(yīng)用文為主，提供的形式多以圖畫(huà)、提綱、表格出現(xiàn)，書(shū)寫(xiě)的格式大都是書(shū)信、通知。所以，考生還應(yīng)該掌握信的稱呼、開(kāi)頭、正文、結(jié)尾、簽名等方面，另外，口頭通知和書(shū)面通知的不同要清楚。總之，考生應(yīng)根據(jù)寫(xiě)作提示分析材料，確定文體，闖過(guò)第一關(guān)。

Step2：確定時(shí)態(tài)和人稱

考生要根據(jù)選好的文體和寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容確定時(shí)態(tài)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，記人敘事多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；發(fā)布通知多用一般將來(lái)時(shí)和祈使句式；發(fā)表議論大多用帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；人物介紹、現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。定準(zhǔn)時(shí)態(tài)后接下來(lái)一定要知道各時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法要點(diǎn)，但要記住，寫(xiě)作時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)并不惟一，要依據(jù)表達(dá)內(nèi)容而選定。

Step3：確定所需主要詞匯和所用表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)

在以上“兩確定”的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)該根據(jù)文章體裁和內(nèi)容逐個(gè)地確定寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)。對(duì)于圖畫(huà)和圖表可在草稿紙上用中文列出。理清要點(diǎn)，然后選詞造句，對(duì)列出的要點(diǎn)逐一翻譯。這時(shí)要注意力求語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確得當(dāng)。平時(shí)寫(xiě)作要多進(jìn)行發(fā)散思維，如是用very sorry還是terribly sorry；是surprised還是astonished。同時(shí)考生應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)盡可能使用較高級(jí)的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，如非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、復(fù)合句等。最大限度地完美文章。

Step4：整理成篇 行文連貫

接下來(lái)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容分清文章的層次，確定詳略，將寫(xiě)好的單句要重新排列組合起來(lái)，使之前后連貫成一篇完整的文章。同時(shí)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章過(guò)渡自然，行文流暢。另外，根據(jù)內(nèi)容編排，該分段時(shí)要分段，使表達(dá)清楚，一目了然。行云流水，整齊劃一，闖過(guò)寫(xiě)作第四關(guān)。

三、作文模板

1.圖表作文模板                

as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in　the　table(graph/picture/pie/chart), __作文題目的議題__ has been on rise/ decrease(goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from__ in __ to __ in __. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that __.

 There are at least two good reasons accounting for __. On the one hand, __. On the other hand,　__ is due to the fact that __.In addition, __ is responsible for __.Maybe there are some other reasons to show __.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

 As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that __. I am sure　my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

2.議論文模板

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___觀點(diǎn)一_____.

People,　however,　differ　in　their　opinions　on　this　matter.　Some　people　hold the idea that ___觀點(diǎn)二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there　is no　doubt　that ___觀點(diǎn)二______.　

　As far as I am concerned, I　firmly　support　the　view　that __觀點(diǎn)一或二______.　It　is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

3.應(yīng)用文(申請(qǐng)信)模板

Your address

Month, Date, year

Receiver's address

Dear ...,

I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.

.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.

I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Best regards for your health and success.

Sincerely yours,

X X X

熟記一些模板也能起到事半功倍的效果，有備無(wú)患嘛！