Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the growth prediction of the world middle class based on the statistics provided in the chart below. Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Note: The middle class includes people earning or spending $10-$100 a day (in 2005 purchasing power parity terms)
Source: Brookings Institution 2012.
審題立意
1. 導語解讀:要求考生根據(jù)統(tǒng)計圖的內(nèi)容就“世界中產(chǎn)階級增長趨勢”這一話題進行簡述,并對圖表反映的現(xiàn)象做出評價。
2. 圖表解讀:圖表是美國布魯金斯學會2012年發(fā)布的一組未來20年世界中產(chǎn)階級增長趨勢統(tǒng)計圖,描述的是2009年、2020年和2030年全世界及各地區(qū)中產(chǎn)階級的人口數(shù)量。
3. 文章立意:中產(chǎn)階級的發(fā)展從一定程度上反映一個國家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會發(fā)展狀況。以中國在內(nèi)的金磚國家的迅猛發(fā)展為標志的南方(即發(fā)展中國家)崛起在速度和規(guī)模上均史無前例,這將使數(shù)十億人口躋身于中產(chǎn)階級。
寫作思路
1. 第一段簡要描述圖表內(nèi)容,點明圖表反映的主題:中產(chǎn)階級人數(shù)穩(wěn)步增長。
2. 第二段分析產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因:首先,亞太地區(qū)本就具有人口優(yōu)勢;其次,南方國家創(chuàng)造財富的速度之快超過其他任何地方。
3. 第三段呼應前文,再次強調(diào)世界中產(chǎn)階級的發(fā)展趨勢所在。
參考范文
Seen from the statistics given above, it can be concluded that there is and will be a steady growth of the world middle class population over the coming 20 years, from 1.845 billion in 2009 to 4.884 billion in 2030. 1 With regard to different regions, the most dramatic increase appears in the Asia-Pacific region—from 0.525 billion to 3.228 billion, followed by three other regions. 1
It is no wonder that over two-thirds of the global middle class will reside in the Asia-Pacific region by 2030. 2 Firstly 3 , there is a larger population in this area, with China and India ranking the first and second respectively in the world population. Secondly 3 , more wealth is being created in Asia and it is being created faster than anywhere else in the world. According to Human Development Report 2013 4 , by 2020 the total economic output of China, India and Brazil is expected to exceed that of the six northern industrial powers including Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Britain and the USA.
In conclusion 5 , because of the rapid economic growth rate and the fact that a significant share of the population is now close to the threshold of middle class, the middle class in the South is expected to continue to grow.
從上述統(tǒng)計數(shù)字可以看出,未來20年世界中產(chǎn)階級的人數(shù)將穩(wěn)步增長,從2009年的18.45億增長到2030年的48.84億。至于不同的地區(qū),亞太地區(qū)的中產(chǎn)階級人口增長最為顯著,從5.25億增加到32.28億,然后是其他三個保持增長的地區(qū)。
到2030年有將近三分之二的中產(chǎn)階級住在亞太地區(qū),這一點也不奇怪。首先,這個地區(qū)的人口本就比其他地區(qū)多,中國和印度分別在世界人口排名中位于第一名和第二名。再次,更多的財富正在亞洲被創(chuàng)造出來,而且創(chuàng)造的速度遠遠高于世界其他任何地方。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國《2013年人類發(fā)展報告》,預計到2020年,中國、印度和巴西的經(jīng)濟總產(chǎn)出將超過加拿大、法國、德國、意大利、英國和美國這六個傳統(tǒng)北方工業(yè)強國的總產(chǎn)出。
總而言之,由于迅猛的經(jīng)濟增長速度以及人口中相當比例的一部分人接近中產(chǎn)階級的門檻,南方國家的中產(chǎn)階級預計仍將持續(xù)增長。
范文點評
1. 開篇簡要描述圖表內(nèi)容,首先是描述整體變化趨勢,接下來描述區(qū)域變化趨勢。
2. 自然過渡,由對圖表反映的現(xiàn)象轉(zhuǎn)入分析現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因。
3. 主要從兩個方面闡釋圖表所示變化趨勢產(chǎn)生的原因,條理清晰,層次分明。
4. 援引權(quán)威報告數(shù)據(jù),使表達更加真實、有說服力,同時使論證方式多樣化。
5. 末段總結(jié)全文,呼應首段內(nèi)容,同時印證圖表中的注釋文字。
要點用法
with regard to 至于,關于
dramatic adj. 引人注目的;急劇的
reside v. 居住;屬于
respectively adv. 分別地
be expected to 預計,期望
economic output 經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出
exceed v. 超過,超越
threshold n. 門檻
project v. 預計;規(guī)劃
句法點評
1. Seen from the statistics given above, it can be concluded that there is and will be a steady growth of the world middle class population over the coming 20 years, from 1.845 billion in 2009 to 4.884 billion in 2030.
過去分詞seen引導的成分作伴隨狀語,it can be concluded that ...為整個句子的主句,其中it為形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的從句。該句型也是圖表作文開頭的常用句型,用來總結(jié)圖表的整體變化趨勢或特征。
2. It is no wonder that over two-thirds of the global middle class will reside in the Asia-Pacific region by 2030.
這句話用作第二段的主題句,自然過渡到闡明這種趨勢產(chǎn)生的原因??商鎿Q的句子還有It is nothing strange that ...或Not surprisingly, ...等。