第一,插入語。
所謂插入語,英語中有兩種形式。一種是有兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間引起的成分稱之為插入語;第二種是有兩個(gè)半破折號(hào)引起的成分稱之為插入語。如下所示(黑體劃線處):
Jinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist city.
Other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
插入語的作用主要有兩個(gè),一個(gè)是突出主語,比如說:He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student.
第二個(gè)作用是解釋說明,比如說:People, especially students, should work hard.
第二,倒裝
倒裝是我們寫作中需要用到的。雖然略顯俗套,但是卻是很能滿足閱卷人的主觀感受的。常用的倒裝形式有以下幾種:
Only + 時(shí)間狀語
Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.
Only + 介詞詞組
Only by planning his he improve efficiency and make achievements.
Only in this way can we master the writing skills step by steps.
否定詞位于句首(hardly when; never; not only---,but also---; seldom)
在我一生當(dāng)中很難遇到這樣的人
Seldom in my life have I met such a kind-hearted man.
地點(diǎn)方位名詞位于句首
In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.
第三,修辭
無論是漢語寫作還是英語寫作,修辭其實(shí)非常的重要。它是作者寫作功底具體事例地展現(xiàn)。所謂修辭包括比喻、擬人、排比等等。英語寫作中的修辭問題我已經(jīng)專門寫過一篇文章(見《英語寫作幾種修辭手法》)。這里僅舉一個(gè)比喻例子,還是拿“重要的”來舉例。當(dāng)你用完詞組之后,如果你用上下面比如句子,則文章就會(huì)顯得神采飛揚(yáng),試比較:
The bicycle is important for us.
The bicycle is of importance for us.
The bicycle plays an important role in our life.
The bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.
The bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life.
那么很明顯,最后一個(gè)句子是我們最終拿到考場上去搏擊高分的句子。
第四,平時(shí)要注意積累
很多考生為了寫好作文也作了好多工作,課下也付出了很多,包括背誦大量的文章等等,但是提筆寫作時(shí)候,仍不見的有所改觀。問題在哪里呢?
我認(rèn)為,很多考生雖然也背誦文章,但卻只是死記硬背。如果合上書本讓他復(fù)述,他們就會(huì)卡殼。就是茶壺里煮餃子,倒不出來。我們說背誦是個(gè)輸入的過程,出的過程。我們真正需要的是把平時(shí)積累的隨時(shí)隨地用在我們的寫作中。因此,我們在注重積累的同時(shí),一定在平時(shí)練習(xí)的時(shí)候,把他們多家運(yùn)用。只有多練多用,才能真正達(dá)到學(xué)以致用,才能真正提高寫作水平。