Excerpt from Gulliver’s Travels
(1)When I awaked, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir:for as I happened to lie on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground;and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender ligatures across my body, from my armpits1) to my thighs. I could only look upwards;the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes. I heard a confused noise about me, but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky. In a little time I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin;when bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived2) it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver3) at his back. In the meantime, I felt at least forty more of the same kind(as I conjectured)following the first. I was in the utmost4) astonishment, and roared so loud, that they all ran back in a fright;and some of them, as I was afterwards told, were hurt with the falls they got by leaping from my sides upon the ground.
(2)“Now, in the midst of these intestine disquiets, we are threatened with an invasion from the island of Blefuscu, which is the other great empire of the universe, almost as large and powerful as this of his Majesty. For as to what we have heard you affirm, that there are other kingdoms and states in the world, inhabited by human creatures as large as yourself, our philosophers are in much doubt;and would rather conjecture that you dropped from the moon, or one of the stars;because it is certain, that a hundred mortals of your bulk would, in a short time, destroy all the fruits and cattle of his Majesty’s dominions. Besides, our histories of six thousand moons make no mention of any other regions, than the two great empires of Lilliput and Blefuscu. Which two mighty powers have, as I was going to tell you, been engaged in a most obstinate5) war for six and thirty moons past. It began upon the following occasion. It is allowed on all hands, that the primitive6) way of breaking eggs before we eat them, was upon the larger end:but his present Majesty’s grandfather, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his fingers. Where upon the Emperor his father published an edict, commanding all his subjects upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs. The people so highly resented this law, that our histories tell us there have been six rebellions raised on that account;where in one emperor lost his life, and another his crown. These civil commotions were constantly fomented by the monarchs of Blefuscu;and when they were quelled, the exiles always fled for refuge to that empire.
It is computed, that eleven thousand persons have, at several times, suffered death, rather than submit to break their eggs at the smaller end. Many hundred large volumes have been published upon this controversy:but the books of the Big-Endians have been long forbidden, and the whole party rendered incapable by law of holding employments. During the course of these troubles, the emperors of Blefuscu did frequently expostulate by their ambassadors, accusing us of making a schism7) in religion, by offending against a fundamental doc trine of our great prophet Lustrog, in the fifty-fourth chapter of the Brundecral (which is their Alcoran). This, however, is thought to be a mere strain upon the text:for the words are these:That all true believers shall break their eggs at the convenient end;and which is the convenient end, seems, in my humble opinion, to be left to every man’s conscience, or at least in the power of the chief magistrate8) to determine. Now the Big-Endian exiles have found so much credit in the Emperor of Blefuscu’s court, and so much private assistance and encouragement from their party here at home, that a bloody war hath been carried on between the two empires for six and thirty moons with various success;during which time we have lost forty capital ships, and a much greater number of smaller vessels9), together with thirty thousand of our best seamen and soldiers;and the damage received by the enemy is reckoned to be somewhat greater than ours. However, they have now equipped a numerous fleet, and are just preparing to make a descent upon us;and his Imperial Majesty, placing great confidence in your valor10) and strength, hath commanded me to lay this account of his affairs before you. ”
I desired the Secretary to present my humble duty to the Emperor, and to let him know, that I thought it would not become me, who was a foreigner, to interfere with parties;but I was ready, with the hazard of my life, to defend his person and state against all invaders.
大諷刺家斯威夫特
《格列佛游記》
1. 當(dāng)我醒來的時(shí)候,已經(jīng)是白天了。我想起身,卻不能動(dòng):由于我恰巧是平躺著的,我發(fā)現(xiàn)我身體兩側(cè)的胳膊、大腿都被牢牢地拴在地面上;我那又長又密的頭發(fā)也是被用同樣的方式拴住的。我還感覺到有一些細(xì)長的繃帶捆綁在我的身上,從我的腋窩一直到我的大腿。我只能向上看,太陽開始變熱了,光線刺通了我的眼睛。我聽到在我周圍有混亂的噪音,但是以我這樣的躺姿,除了天空,是什么都看不到的。過了一小會(huì)兒,我感到有種活的物體在我的左腿上移動(dòng),它朝著我的胸部輕輕向前移動(dòng),幾乎移動(dòng)到了我的下巴;我盡量把我的眼睛往下看,我感覺它是一個(gè)不足六英寸高的人類生物,手中拿著一副弓箭,背后背著一個(gè)箭袋。與此同時(shí),我感到至少有40個(gè)(我估計(jì)的)更多的此類物體在緊跟著第一個(gè)物體移動(dòng)。我極度吃驚,便大聲狂吼起來,受到驚嚇的他們便全部往后逃跑;而且,我事后得知,他們中的一些人在從我的身側(cè)跳到地面的過程中摔倒了,并因此而受傷。
格列佛來到的這個(gè)小人島國叫做Lilliput 。他發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的朝廷官員對他的態(tài)度各不相同, 分為兩派。國中原來就分作兩派, 因鞋后跟高低而異, 一派是高跟派, 一派是低跟派, 鬧得不可開交。有一位官員奉命告訴格:
(2) “目前,在這些內(nèi)部憂患當(dāng)中,我們受到了布萊夫斯庫島的侵略威脅,那是這個(gè)世界中的另一個(gè)大帝國,幾乎和我們陛下的王國一樣廣闊和強(qiáng)大。我們從你那里聽說,你確認(rèn),在這個(gè)世界中還有其他的王國和國家,居住著和你一樣的人類生物,對于這些,我們的哲學(xué)家持非常懷疑的態(tài)度;并且寧愿推測你是從月亮上掉下來的,或者是來自其他星球;因?yàn)?,可以肯定的是,一百個(gè)有你這樣身軀的人就可以在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)摧毀我們陛下的王國中的所有水果和牲畜。還有,在我們六千月的歷史中,除去利立浦特和布萊夫斯庫以外,沒有關(guān)于其他地域的記錄。正如我所要告訴你的,這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大的國家在過去的三十六個(gè)月當(dāng)中一直在進(jìn)行著一場最難以平息的戰(zhàn)爭。這場戰(zhàn)爭是因下面這個(gè)偶然的事件而引起的。所有的人都同意,在我們進(jìn)食雞蛋以前的破殼傳統(tǒng)方式是磕破較粗的一端:但是本朝陛下的祖父在還是一個(gè)小孩子的時(shí)候,準(zhǔn)備按古老的方式破殼吃雞蛋,不巧的是切到了他的手指。因此,他的父皇頒布了一條法令,要求他的所有國民都要去磕雞蛋的細(xì)端,不然就要受到嚴(yán)懲。人民極其厭惡這項(xiàng)法令,我們的歷史記載,六次反叛活動(dòng)因此而爆發(fā);其中,有一個(gè)皇帝喪命,另一個(gè)皇帝被迫退位。這些國內(nèi)騷亂活動(dòng)不斷受到布萊夫斯庫君主的煽動(dòng);而且當(dāng)它們被平息之后,流亡者總是逃往那個(gè)帝國尋求避難。
據(jù)計(jì),在不同的時(shí)候,有一萬一千人因拒絕服從在細(xì)端處磕雞蛋的決定而被處死。針對這一爭端出版了數(shù)以百計(jì)的巨著:但是由高跟派撰寫的書籍被長期禁止,并且導(dǎo)致整個(gè)政黨因掌權(quán)法案而失去執(zhí)政能力。在出現(xiàn)這些麻煩的過程中,布萊夫斯庫的皇帝們經(jīng)常派遣大使來進(jìn)行勸說活動(dòng),譴責(zé)我們是在冒犯我們偉大先知拉斯托格在其《BRUNDECRAL》(就是他們的《古蘭經(jīng)》)一書中第五十四章規(guī)定的一個(gè)基本教義,從而制造教派分裂。然而,那僅僅被認(rèn)為是對原文的一個(gè)曲解:這些原話是:所有真誠的教徒應(yīng)該在方便的一端來磕破雞蛋;而哪一端是方便的一端呢,依我之拙見,似乎是,應(yīng)該由每個(gè)人憑良心來決定,或者至少是動(dòng)用主要地方官員的權(quán)威來決定。現(xiàn)在,高跟派的流亡者在布萊夫斯庫的皇朝中得到了巨大信任、眾多私人援助和來自祖國的黨內(nèi)支持,以至于一場血腥的戰(zhàn)爭在兩個(gè)帝國之間持續(xù)了三十六個(gè)月,各有所斬獲;在這個(gè)過程中,我們損失了四十艘大型戰(zhàn)艦和數(shù)目更為巨大的小型船只,還有三十萬精銳的海員和士兵;而據(jù)估計(jì),敵人遭受的損失略大于我們??墒?,他們現(xiàn)在裝備了數(shù)量眾多的艦隊(duì),并正準(zhǔn)備襲擊我們;而我們帝國的陛下對你的勇猛和力量充滿了巨大信心,并且命令我向你說明關(guān)于他的事情的這些情況。”
我希望這位部長向皇帝說明我的卑微職責(zé),而且要讓他明白,我認(rèn)為,對于我這個(gè)外鄉(xiāng)人來講,介入兩黨之間的紛爭不是我要做的事;但是我已準(zhǔn)備好,冒著喪失生命的危險(xiǎn)來保衛(wèi)他本人和其國家免遭任何侵略。
NOTE 注釋:
1. armpit [5B:mpit] n. 腋窩
2. perceive [pE5si:v] vt. 察覺
3. quiver [5kwivE] n. 箭袋, 箭袋中的箭
4. utmost [5QtmEust] adj. 極度的, 最遠(yuǎn)的
5. obstinate [5Cbstinit] adj. 倔強(qiáng)的, 頑固的
6. primitive [5primitiv] adj. 原始的, 遠(yuǎn)古的
7. schism [5sizEm] n. (政治組織等的)分裂, 教派
8. magistrate [5mAdVistrit, -treit] n. 文職官員, 地方官員
9. vessel [5vesl] n. 船
10. valor [5vAlE] n. 英勇, 勇猛