美國(guó)之音口語(yǔ)經(jīng)典教程Stating the General Time of Your Activities 表示活動(dòng)的大

Lesson 33Stating the General Time of Your Activities

表示活動(dòng)的大致時(shí)間

 

Things to Know  學(xué)前必讀

美國(guó)的環(huán)境保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng) (conservation movement) 早在羅斯福執(zhí)政期間 (Theodore Roosevelt's administration 1901～1909) 就受到重視，隨著環(huán)境保護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)影響的擴(kuò)大，得到公眾的廣泛信任與支持，導(dǎo)致20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代一系列聯(lián)邦法規(guī)的出臺(tái)，如1970年的《清潔空氣法》(Clean Air Act) ，1972年的《水污染控制法》(Water Pollution Control Act) ，1973年的《瀕臨滅絕物種保護(hù)法》(Endangered Species Act)等。

美國(guó)各州都有自己的法規(guī)，例如：一些州已禁止亂扔瓶罐，禁止在肥皂中使用磷酸鹽，禁止傾倒工業(yè)垃圾。到1986年，已有40個(gè)州，80多個(gè)城市通過(guò)了某種形式的法規(guī)，限制在公共場(chǎng)合或上班時(shí)吸煙。

在1965年初，國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)法規(guī)，要求在香煙包裝上印上警告。這一做法，僅在幾年后就被其它國(guó)家采納、效仿。

公眾對(duì)污染問(wèn)題的關(guān)注，已成為美國(guó)人生活的一部分，就連為大家所熟知的可口可樂(lè)飲料罐(Coca Cola can) 也受到影響。今天，按法律要求，罐必須做成頂部的拉環(huán)(the rings on top) 不能脫離罐被扔掉。

 

 

Conversation A : At the Office

CARA: Hello, Martin. Did you finish your story?

MARTIN: Yes, I did. I worked on Saturday.

CARA: When did you finish?

MARTIN: I finished in the evening.

WALEED: Hello, Cara, Martin.

CARA: Hi, Waleed.

MARTIN: Good morning, Waleed. How are you?

WALEED: Fine, thanks. Did you have a nice weekend?

CARA: Wonderful.

MARTIN: I worked.

WALEED: Did you work at the office?

MARTIN: No, I worked at home. I finished a story.

WALEED: I can't work on the weekend. The children are very noisy. 

MARTIN: I don't like to work on weekends.

CARA: Martin, when are you going to Pittsburgh?

MARTIN: On Tuesday.

WALEED: Are you working on a story?

MARTIN: Yes, I'm writing a story about Pittsburgh.

WALEED: Didn't you write a story about Pittsburgh last year?

MARTIN: Yes, I did. I wrote a story three years ago, too. I visit Pittsburgh often. sometimes I write a story. I want to see the changes.

WALEED: Has it changed?

MARTIN: Yes, it has changed. I wrote a story ten years ago, too.

WALEED: Pardon?

MARTIN: Ten years ago.

CARA: When did you first visit Pittsburgh?

MARTIN: In 1975. I went with my father to a baseball game.

HOWARD: Good morning, everybody.

OTHERS: Good morning, Howard. Hi. Good morning. How are you?

HOWARD: Where are you going this week, Martin?

MARTIN: Pittsburgh.

HOWARD: When are you going?

MARTIN: I'm going on Tuesday.

CARA: I'm going to work now. There's meeting this morning.

HOWARD: When is the meeting?

CARA: It's at eleven forty-five.

WALEED: Eleven forty-five? When is our meeting, Martin?

MARTIN: Our meeting is at eleven forty-five.

WALEED: Can we change our meeting?

MARTIN: Of course. What time do you want to meet?

WALEED: Can we meet at eleven o'clock?

MARTIN: Yes, we can. Do you want to meet in your office?

WALEED: Can we meet in your office?

MARTIN: When are we going to finish?

WALEED: Before the other meeting.

 

Practice 1：“介詞 at+幾點(diǎn)鐘”表示特定某點(diǎn)時(shí)間，介詞 on, in, before, ago 等與時(shí)間名詞搭配表示某段時(shí)間。

Example One: 

  MRTIN: At seven o'clock.

CARA: At eleven forty-five.

WALEED: At eleven o'clock.

MARTIN: At four o'clock.

CARA: At ten-thiry.

Example Two:

MARTIN: On Saturday. In the evening.

WALEED: On the weekend.

MARTIN: On Tuesday.

WALEED: Last year.

MARTIN: Three years ago. Ten years ago. In 1975.

WALEED: Before the other meeting.

應(yīng)用表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)回答：

MARTIN: When did you go to a movie?

YOURSELF: _______________________________.

MARTIN: When did you see you family?

YOURSELF: _______________________________.

MARTIN: When are you going to study?

YOURSELF: _______________________________.

MARTIN: When are you going to shop?

YOURSELF: _______________________________.

 

會(huì)話A : 在辦公室

卡  拉：你好，馬丁。你寫(xiě)完報(bào)導(dǎo)了嗎?

馬  丁：是的，寫(xiě)完了。我星期六工作了。

卡  拉：你什么時(shí)候?qū)懲甑?/span>?

馬  ?。何以谕砩蠈?xiě)完的。

瓦利德：你們好，卡拉，馬丁。

卡  拉：你好，瓦利德。

馬  ?。涸缟虾?，瓦利德，你好嗎?

瓦利德：我很好，謝謝。你周末過(guò)得好嗎?

卡  拉：好極了。

馬  ?。何夜ぷ髁?。

瓦利德：你在辦公室工作的嗎?

馬  ?。翰皇?，我在家工作的，我寫(xiě)完了一篇報(bào)導(dǎo)。

瓦利德：我在周末無(wú)法工作，孩子們很吵鬧。

馬  ?。何也幌矚g在周末工作。

卡  拉：馬丁，你什么時(shí)候去匹茲堡?

馬  丁：星期二。

瓦利德：你在寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)導(dǎo)嗎?

馬  ?。菏堑?，我在寫(xiě)一篇有關(guān)匹茲堡的報(bào)導(dǎo)。

瓦利德：你去年沒(méi)寫(xiě)過(guò)一篇有關(guān)匹茲堡的報(bào)導(dǎo)嗎?

馬  ?。簩?xiě)過(guò)，我3年前也寫(xiě)過(guò)一篇報(bào)導(dǎo)。我經(jīng)常去匹茲堡，有時(shí)我寫(xiě)報(bào)導(dǎo)，我想看到匹茲堡所發(fā)生的變化。

瓦利德：有變化嗎?

馬  ?。菏堑模凶兓?。我10年前也寫(xiě)過(guò)一篇報(bào)導(dǎo)。

瓦利德：幾年前?

馬  ?。?/span>10年前。

卡  拉：你第一次訪問(wèn)匹茲堡是什么時(shí)候?

馬  ?。涸?/span>1975年，我和我父親一起去看了一場(chǎng)棒球賽。

霍華德：各位，早上好。

其余人：早上好，霍華德。你好，早上好，你好嗎?

霍華德：馬丁，這周你去哪兒?

馬  ?。浩テ澅?。

霍華德：你什么時(shí)候去?

馬  ?。何倚瞧诙?。

卡  拉：現(xiàn)在我要去工作了，今天上午有個(gè)會(huì)議。

霍華德：會(huì)什么時(shí)候開(kāi)?

卡  拉：11點(diǎn)45分開(kāi)。

瓦利德：11點(diǎn)45分?馬丁，我們的會(huì)什么時(shí)候開(kāi)?

馬  ?。何覀兊臅?huì)是11點(diǎn)45分。

瓦利德：我們的會(huì)議可以換一下時(shí)間嗎?

馬  ?。寒?dāng)然，可以，你想什么時(shí)間開(kāi)會(huì)?

瓦利德：我們11點(diǎn)開(kāi)會(huì)如何?

馬  ?。汉玫?，你要在你的辦公室開(kāi)嗎?

瓦利德：能在你的辦公室開(kāi)嗎?

馬  ?。菏裁磿r(shí)間能開(kāi)完?

瓦利德：在另一個(gè)會(huì)議開(kāi)始以前。

 

Conversation B

CARA: When are you going to have lunch?

WALEED: I'm not going to have lunch.

HOWARD: After I finish my work.

MARTIN: At twelve-thirty.

MARTIN: Cara, when are you going to Europe?

CARA: We're going next month.

WALEED: Can we go to lunch now?

CARA: Howard isn't here.

WALEED: When is he coming?

MARTIN: In a few minutes.

WALEED: Where are you going in Europe?

CARA: We're going many places.

WALEED: Are you going to Bulgaria?

CARA: Yes, we are.

WALEED: When are you going there?

CARA: Let me see. In about three weeks.

WALEED: I have an uncle in Bulgaria. Can you phone him?

CARA: Of course. Please give me his phone number.

WALEED: OK. I'm going to bring it next week.

MARTIN: When did your uncle go to Bulgaria?

WALEED: Many years ago. He was a student. He studied engineering.

MARTIN: Did he stay there?

WALEED: Yes, he did. He married. He had children.

MARTIN: When did you see him?

WALEED: Twenty years ago. He came to see my father.

WALEED: He is my father's brother.

HOWARD: I'm here.

WALEED: Good, Can we go now?

HOWARD: Were you waiting for me?

WALEED: Of course.

HOWARD: Yes, let's go.

CARA: Martin, when are we going to Georgetown University?

MARTIN: Next week. The demonstration is on Wednesday.

HOWARD: What demonstration is that?

CARA: It is Environmental Day. There is a big demonstration.

WALEED: What is Environmental Day?

MARTIN: The students are having a demonstration about environmental problems. Cara and I are going to write a story.

WALEED: What problems are they demonstrating about?

CARA: Many problems.

MARTIN: We're going to write about river pollution.

CARA: Yes. The university is on the river. We want to listen to the speeken. We want to write about pollution.

MARTIN: We had a story about ocean pollution.

WALEED: When?

CARA: A few weeks ago. We visited the Atlantic Ocean.

HOWARD: When did you go to the Atlantic Ocean?

MARTIN: In the summer.

WALEED: Did you see pollution in the ocean?

CARA: Yes, we did. We saw pollution in some places.

MARTIN: We saw pollution in the river, too.

HOWARD: When?

MARTIN: Last week. Last month. Last year. We want to write about pollution.

Practice 2：表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)有些是表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間，有些是表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間，有些既能表示將來(lái)也能表示過(guò)去。

Example One: (表示過(guò)去)

WALEED: Many years ago. Twenty years ago.

CARA: A few weeks ago.

MARTIN: Last week. Last month. Last year.

Example Two:(表示將來(lái))

CARA: Next month.

MARTIN: In a few minutes.

CARA: In about three weeks.

WALEED: Next week.

Example Three: (表示將來(lái)及過(guò)去)

WALEED: For three years.

MARTIN: On Wednesday. In the summer.