(18) GRIND A KNIFE UPSTAIRS
昔有一人,貧窮困苦,為王作事。日月經(jīng)久,身體羸瘦。王見憐愍,賜一死駝。貧人得已,即便剝皮,嫌刀鈍故,求石欲磨。乃于樓上得一磨石,磨刀令利,來下而剝。
Once upon a time there was a poor man who had to work very hard in the king's service. As time went on, he became emaciated. Out of pity, the king gave him a dead camel. Having received it, the poor man began to flay it. His knife being very blunt, he looked for a whetstone to grind it. At last, he found one upstairs where he sharpened the knife. He then went back downstairs to skin the camel.
如是數(shù)數(shù)往來磨刀,后轉(zhuǎn)勞苦,憚不能數(shù)上,懸駝上樓,就石磨刀。深為眾人之所嗤笑。
He ran up and down the stairs doing the sharpening and skinning frantically for a while and finally he felt so tired that he could not go on any longer. Then he had to hang the camel upstairs to be closer to the whetstone. People guffawed at him.
猶如愚人,毀破禁戒,多取錢財,以用修福,望得生天。如懸駝上樓磨刀,用功甚多,所得甚少。
A stupid man who, by breaking the strict commandments gathers plenty of money and uses it on offering in the hope that he will be born in Heaven. This stupid man is just like the poor man who worked hard for little gain in hanging his camel upstairs and sharpening his knife.
注釋:
① 憐愍:愍,同憫。憐憫。
② 數(shù)上:多次上下樓。
③ 禁戒:佛門戒律,亦即不能違犯的律條。
白話:
從前有一個人,十分貧困,為國王做工,長年累月,身體瘦弱不堪。國王見了以后憐憫他,賞給他一峰死駱駝。窮人把駱駝送回家后,就動手剝駱駝皮。他嫌刀刃不鋒利,找磨刀石磨刀。在閣樓上找到了一塊磨刀石,將刀刃磨利后,下樓繼續(xù)剝皮。就這樣反復(fù)上樓去磨刀刃,弄得疲憊不堪,他擔(dān)心爬不動樓梯,干脆把駱駝吊上樓閣,挨著磨刀石磨刀。人們都嘲笑他的愚笨。
這就好比愚蠢的修行者破除了律條的約束,貪圖財物,為自己謀福利,還渴望能夠進(jìn)入美好、光明的天界。像懸掛死駱駝在樓上磨刀一樣的愚蠢。
解說:
此則可與第四十三則<磨大石喻>比看。
辨析:
舍便利而求于繁瑣,舍取磨石下樓而上樓不止,以至于懸掛死駝于樓,其根本目的在于磨刀剝駝皮。不惜就難避易,會使人覺得好笑,磨刀是必需的,方式也要合理,因此我們常說,好的想法沒有好的措施,同樣會走向荒誕。這個故事比喻出一個發(fā)人深思的命題:一個追尋理想或人生真諦的人,“喜舍”與“斂財”的選擇,是決定走向理想坦途還是奔向崎嶇山谷的關(guān)鍵。佛教對待錢財所采取的態(tài)度是難能可貴的,在商品交換和階級對立的社會里,人們對于“人為財死,鳥為食亡”、“有錢能買鬼推磨”、“錢能通神”以及“自古衙門朝南開,有理無錢莫進(jìn)來”的現(xiàn)象早已司空見慣。更有甚者,諸如“錢是命,命是狗屎”的譏咒般的話語也能聽到。而以平常心、布施心對待錢財?shù)姆鸺伊x理就顯得格外令人注意,它無疑是有認(rèn)識價值的。
(摘自《百喻經(jīng)注釋與辨析》荊三隆 邵之茜著)
供您思考:
圣法法師在《百喻故事廣釋》里說:“人往上爬、水往下流”。誰不愿往上爬呢?沒有衣食住的時候努力求衣食住,有了衣食住時求更美好的,沒有積蓄時,省食儉用都要積蓄一點,有了積蓄求更多。無名無位時求名求位,有了名位即求更高又更高,所以人的欲望也永遠(yuǎn)沒有滿足的時候。
眾生無始以來輪回六道,生生死死不知幾千萬萬次,其骨頭堆積起來,如一座山那么高,生死受苦所流的眼淚,如海水那樣多,還不能超出這六道的輪回。我們眾生生活在此世間,如那個窮人欲吃一塊肉,就樓上樓下地跑來跑去。
一切眾生自無始以來都流浪于生死,為了生活又辛苦又造業(yè),受許多的辛苦和折磨,才能生活,一般人都認(rèn)為這是運命,或神的安排,或天生是自然的現(xiàn)象,沒有辦法自我主宰,所以認(rèn)命糊糊涂涂地過了一生。或造諸惡業(yè)來求小小的安樂,樂中造苦因,不知其后果痛苦更甚!什么時候才能離苦得樂呢?那就要從佛法里尋出路了。
誰都愿意解脫生死而離了業(yè)力的束縛。這一切皆靠我們的努力,非是操在神的手里,只要我們依佛法的修行,這一切都是我們所能做得到的事情,佛法說:“世出世間隨愿所成”。