新概念英語第一冊（美音版）Lesson 121 The man in a hat

定語從句：

beautiful flower

a book on the desk

I saw the boy yesterday.

This is the boy.

This is the boy I saw yesterday.

I have a sister.

She lives in Paris.

I have a sister who lives in Paris.

關系代詞的功能：

1 連接主句和從句 2 在從句中做句子成分。

定語從句就是由一個句子修飾限定另一個句子的中心詞。被修飾限定的成分叫先行詞。連接主句和從句的詞叫關系代詞。

關系代詞的作用有兩點：

1 連接主句和從句

2 在從句中從句子成分，作主語時不能省略，作賓語時可以省略。

關系代詞

who, whom, whose, which, that

who

先行詞是人 + who + 動詞

The man is Mr.White.

The man has white hair.

The man who has white hair is Mr.White.

whose

先行詞是人，whose + 名詞

I have a friend.

His father is a teacher.

I have a friend whose father is a teacher.

whom

先行詞是人，whom + 及物動詞/不及物動詞 + 介詞

當介詞提前的時候，關系代詞不能省略。

The man is my uncle.

We met the man.

The man we met is my uncle.

The man whom we met is my uncle.

The man who met us is my uncle.

The man is my uncle.

I spoke to the man.

The man whom I spoke to is my uncle.

The man to whom I spoke is my uncle.

當介詞提前的時候，先行詞是物時，只能用which

I have a sister.

She lives in Paris.

I have a sister who lives in Paris.

The man who has white hair is Mr.White.

I have a friend whose father is a teacher.

whom

I see you everyday.

I look at the blackboard everyday.

The man who we met is my uncle.

speak to sb.

I spoke to the man.

The man whom I spoke to is my uncle.

The man to whom I spoke is my uncle.

which 是指人以外的生命或沒有生命的東西。

先行詞（物） + which + 動詞

He likes the house.

The house has a lot of windows.

He likes the house which has a lot of/many windows.

The books are on the desk.

The books are mine.

The books are on the counter.

The books which are on the counter are mine.

The dog is his.

The dog is carrying a basket.

The dog which is carrying a basket is his.

The dog carrying a basket is his.

Those men are making all that noise.

Those men are repairing the road.

Those men who are repairing the road are making all that noise.

Those men repairing the road are making all that noise.