新西蘭已經(jīng)為火山受害者訂購了超過1290平方英尺的皮膚

新西蘭已經(jīng)為火山受害者訂購了超過1290平方英尺的皮膚

New Zealand has ordered 1,292 square feet of skin to treat patients injured in Monday's volcanic eruption on White Island, authorities said Wednesday.

新西蘭當(dāng)局周三表示，該國已下令1292平方英尺的皮膚用于治療周一白島火山噴發(fā)中受傷的患者。

A total of 47 people were on White Island, off the coast of North Island, when the eruption occurred. Six have been confirmed dead, while 25 people are currently hospitalized in critical condition. Search and recovery operations are continuing for those still missing and presumed dead on the island.

火山爆發(fā)時，北島海岸附近的白島上共有47人。目前已有6人確認(rèn)死亡，另有25人在醫(yī)院接受治療，情況危急。搜尋和恢復(fù)工作仍在繼續(xù)，搜尋那些在島上失蹤和可能死亡的人。

The skin is now needed to treat patients severely injured by the volcanic ash and gas. On Tuesday, medical officials said 27 people in hospital had burns to at least 30% of their bodies and many have inhalation burns that require airway support.

現(xiàn)在需要皮膚來治療被火山灰和氣體嚴(yán)重傷害的病人。周二，醫(yī)療官員說，醫(yī)院里有27人燒傷，燒傷面積至少占身體的30%，許多人有吸入性燒傷，需要導(dǎo)氣管的支持。

"We currently have (skin) supply, but are urgently sourcing additional supplies to meet the demand for temporary skin grafts," said Peter Watson of the District Health Boards on Wednesday. "We anticipate that we will require an additional 1.2 million square centimeters (1,292 square feet) of skin for the ongoing needs of the patients."

“我們目前有(皮膚)供應(yīng)，但正在緊急采購額外供應(yīng)，以滿足臨時皮膚移植的需求，”地區(qū)衛(wèi)生委員會的彼得·沃森周三表示。“我們預(yù)計還需要120萬平方厘米(1292平方英尺)的皮膚來滿足患者的需求。”

To put that into context, the average human body has about 11 square feet (1 square meter) to 21 square feet (2 square meters) of skin surface area.

具體來說，人體的平均皮膚表面積約為11平方英尺(1平方米)到21平方英尺(2平方米)。

The skin order has been placed and will come from the United States, Watson said. Skin and tissue banks from neighboring Australia, like the Donor Tissue Bank of Victoria, are also providing skin grafts and supplies.

沃森說，皮膚訂單已經(jīng)下達(dá)，將來自美國。來自鄰國澳大利亞的皮膚和組織庫，如維多利亞捐贈組織庫，也提供皮膚移植和供應(yīng)。

The skin grafts come from donors -- like organ donors, skin donors register to donate their skin after death. When skin is donated, usually only a thin layer is taken, like the skin that peels when you are sunburned, according to the Australian government's donation site. The skin grafts are usually taken from donors' backs or the back of their legs.

皮膚移植來自捐贈者——就像器官捐贈者一樣，皮膚捐贈者登記在死后捐獻(xiàn)他們的皮膚。根據(jù)澳大利亞政府的捐贈網(wǎng)站，當(dāng)皮膚被捐獻(xiàn)時，通常只取一層薄薄的皮膚，就像被曬傷后的皮膚會剝落一樣。皮膚移植通常取自捐贈者的背部或腿的背部。

The demand for skin is particularly high given the unprecedented number of severe burns to the victims, authorities said Wednesday. The patients' burns are already serious from their close proximity to the volcano during the eruption -- but the injuries were also complicated by gases and chemicals, Watson said.

當(dāng)局周三表示，鑒于嚴(yán)重?zé)齻藬?shù)空前，對皮膚的需求尤其高。沃森說，由于火山噴發(fā)時離火山很近，這些病人的燒傷已經(jīng)很嚴(yán)重了，但氣體和化學(xué)物質(zhì)也使燒傷更加復(fù)雜。

When White Island erupted, there would have been so much poisonous gas released that people would have been able to taste the chemicals, said Jessica Johnson, a volcanologist at the University of East Anglia in England.

英國東安格利亞大學(xué)的火山學(xué)家杰西卡·約翰遜說，白島火山噴發(fā)時，會釋放出大量有毒氣體，以至于人們能夠品嘗到其中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。

The volcano -- which has an acidic lake in its crater -- would also have thrown out boiling hot steam clouds, she added. The patients' severe burns were probably from these steam blasts, she said.

她補(bǔ)充說，這座火山口中有一個酸性湖泊的火山也會噴出滾燙的蒸汽云。她說，這些病人嚴(yán)重的燒傷可能是由蒸汽爆炸引起的。

Apart from the steam, they could also have been injured by "very hot rock debris," said Monash University volcanologist Raymond Cas.

蒙納士大學(xué)火山學(xué)家雷蒙德·卡斯說，除了蒸汽，它們還可能受到“非常熱的巖屑”的傷害。

These complications meant the patients needed to be rushed to surgical treatment more urgently that with usual burn cases, Watson said on Wednesday, adding, "This is just the start of a very long process that, for some patients, will take several months."

沃森周三表示，這些并發(fā)癥意味著，與通常的燒傷病例相比，患者需要更緊急地接受手術(shù)治療。“這只是一個漫長過程的開始，對一些患者來說，這將需要幾個月的時間。”