小兒麻痹癥在菲律賓被宣布消失19年后卷土重來

小兒麻痹癥在菲律賓被宣布消失19年后卷土重來

The Philippines has reported its first case of polio since it was declared free of the childhood disease 19 years ago, dealing a blow to the campaign to eradicate it.

菲律賓報告了自19年前該國宣布擺脫小兒麻痹癥以來的首例病例，這對根除小兒麻痹癥運(yùn)動是一個打擊。

The country's department of health said the disease was "re-emerging," with a case confirmed in a 3-year-old girl from Lanao del Sur, on the southern island of Mindanao, and a suspected case awaiting confirmation.

該國衛(wèi)生部表示，該疾病正在“重新出現(xiàn)”，來自南部棉蘭老島南德爾蘇爾的一名3歲女童被確認(rèn)為患該病例，另有一名疑似病例等待確認(rèn)。

The World Health Organization said it was "very concerned" at the re-emergence of the disease in the country; UNICEF described it as "deeply disconcerting."

世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，它這種疾病在該國的再度出現(xiàn)“非常關(guān)注”;聯(lián)合國兒童基金會稱這“令人深感不安”。

A global campaign to eradicate polio was launched in 1998 and cases due to the wild poliovirus have decreased by more than 99% since then, from an estimated 350,000 cases to 33 reported cases in 2018, according to WHO.

世界衛(wèi)生組織稱，1998年發(fā)起了一場全球根除小兒麻痹癥運(yùn)動，自那時以來，由野生小兒麻痹病毒引起的病例減少了99%以上，從估計的35萬例減少到2018年報告的33例。

However, the disease is still present in Pakistan and Afghanistan and the emergence of new, vaccine-derived strains of polio have complicated efforts to rid the world of the disease.

然而，小兒麻痹癥在巴基斯坦和阿富汗仍然存在，新的疫苗衍生的小兒麻痹癥毒株的出現(xiàn)，使世界消除小兒麻痹癥的努力變得更加復(fù)雜。

The last known case of wild poliovirus in the Philippines was in 1993. The country was declared wild polio-free in 2000 along with the rest of WHO's Western Pacific Region.

菲律賓最后一例已知的野生小兒麻痹病毒病例發(fā)生在1993年。2000年，該國與世衛(wèi)組織西太平洋區(qū)域其他國家一起宣布消除小兒麻痹癥。

In addition to the confirmed and suspected cases, the polio virus was detected in samples taken from sewage in the capital, Manila, and in waterways in Davao, Mindanao, the country's third-largest city, as part of the regular environmental surveillance, the department said. The samples were verified by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Japan National Institute for Infectious Diseases.

該部門表示，除了確診和疑似病例外，作為定期環(huán)境監(jiān)測的一部分，還在菲律賓首都馬尼拉的污水樣本和該國第三大城市棉蘭老島達(dá)沃的水道中發(fā)現(xiàn)了小兒麻痹病毒。美國疾病預(yù)防控制中心和日本國立傳染病研究所對這些樣本進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。

The government said it was preparing a rapid response to the outbreak in coordination with WHO and UNICEF, with a mass polio immunization campaign for all children under 5 starting in October.

政府說，它正在與世衛(wèi)組織和聯(lián)合國兒童基金會協(xié)調(diào)，準(zhǔn)備對疫情作出快速反應(yīng)，從10月開始為所有5歲以下兒童開展大規(guī)模小兒麻痹癥免疫運(yùn)動。

"We strongly urge parents, health workers and local governments to fully participate in the synchronized polio vaccination," Philippines Health Secretary Francisco Duque III said in a statement.

菲律賓衛(wèi)生部長弗朗西斯科·杜克三世在一份聲明中說:“我們強(qiáng)烈敦促家長、衛(wèi)生工作者和地方政府全面參與小兒麻痹癥疫苗接種。”

"It is the only way to stop the polio outbreak and to protect your child against this paralyzing disease."

“這是阻止小兒麻痹癥爆發(fā)的唯一方法，也是保護(hù)你的孩子免受這種麻痹性疾病侵害的唯一方法。”

Polio is an infectious disease which spreads rapidly. It can cause paralysis and, on rare occasions, can be fatal. There is no cure for polio -- it can only be prevented with multiple doses of polio vaccines, WHO said.

小兒麻痹癥是一種傳播迅速的傳染病。它可以導(dǎo)致癱瘓，在極少數(shù)情況下，甚至是致命的。世界衛(wèi)生組織說，目前還沒有治愈小兒麻痹癥的方法，只能通過多次注射小兒麻痹癥疫苗來預(yù)防。

"Aside from immunization, we remind the public to practice good personal hygiene, wash their hands regularly, drink safe water, and cook food thoroughly," Duque added.

杜克補(bǔ)充說:“除了免疫接種，我們還提醒公眾保持良好的個人衛(wèi)生，經(jīng)常洗手，喝安全的水，徹底煮熟食物。”

Trust in vaccines was undermined in the Philippines after the government was forced to suspend a dengue fever vaccination program in 2017. The drug was distributed to more than 800,000 students, but was halted after clinical trial data showed that it could have unintended consequences in non-infected patients.

在菲律賓，政府于2017年被迫暫停登革熱疫苗接種計劃后，人們對疫苗的信任遭到了破壞。這種藥物被分發(fā)給了80多萬名學(xué)生，但在臨床試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，它可能對非感染者產(chǎn)生意想不到的后果后，該項目被叫停。

So far in 2019, there have been 80 cases of vaccine-derived polio, not including the Philippines case, and 78 cases of the wild virus around the world, according to the Polio Global Eradication Initiative.

根據(jù)全球根除小兒麻痹癥行動的數(shù)據(jù)，截至2019年，全球已有80例疫苗引發(fā)的小兒麻痹癥病例(不包括菲律賓的病例)，以及78例野生病毒病例。