名畫(huà)《吶喊》中的人原來(lái)不是在吶喊！大英博物館揭秘畫(huà)家本意

也許你不認(rèn)識(shí)畫(huà)家蒙克，但你絕對(duì)不會(huì)不認(rèn)識(shí)他的名畫(huà)《吶喊》。很多人都以為《吶喊》中捂著耳朵的人是在尖叫，但他們都會(huì)錯(cuò)了畫(huà)家的本意。

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The figure in Edvard Munch's iconic artwork, "The Scream," is not actually screaming, as is widely assumed, the British Museum said on Wednesday. Instead, it is reacting to a scream.

大英博物館20日稱，愛(ài)德華·蒙克的經(jīng)典畫(huà)作《吶喊》中的那個(gè)人其實(shí)不是像人們普遍以為的在吶喊或尖叫，而是在對(duì)尖叫作出反應(yīng)。

Munch made clear what was going on in an inscription on a rarely-seen black-and-white version of the image, which Munch annotated with the words "I felt the great scream throughout nature."

蒙克在一幅罕見(jiàn)的黑白版《吶喊》上題詞道：“我感覺(jué)到大自然中處處都能聽(tīng)到大聲尖叫”。這句話清楚表達(dá)了他的意圖。

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According to Giulia Bartrum, who is curating a Munch exhibition at the British Museum which features the black-and-white lithograph, this shows that the figure is hearing the scream rather than making it.

據(jù)大英博物館蒙克畫(huà)展的策展人朱莉亞·巴圖魯姆介紹，蒙克畫(huà)展中即將展出的這個(gè)黑白版畫(huà)表明，畫(huà)中人是聽(tīng)到了尖叫，而不是在尖叫。

Munch, a Norwegian artist, finished the first painting in 1893, but made several more versions.

挪威藝術(shù)家蒙克于1893年完成了第一幅《吶喊》畫(huà)作，但之后又創(chuàng)作了其他幾個(gè)版本。

In the decades since, the image has morphed into a universal symbol for anxiety, and is clearly reference in the "person screaming" emoji. According to the emojitracker website, it is the 53rd most frequently used emoji.

幾十年來(lái)，這幅畫(huà)已經(jīng)演變成了焦慮的普遍象征，并因此衍生出了表情符號(hào)“尖叫者”。根據(jù)“表情符號(hào)追蹤者”網(wǎng)站，“尖叫者”在最常使用的表情符號(hào)中排行第53位。

scream emoji from:redbubble.com

The British Museum is displaying the lithograph as part of its exhibition "Edvard Munch: love and angst" from April 11 to July 21.

大英博物館將于4月11日至7月21日期間在“愛(ài)德華·蒙克：愛(ài)和焦慮”展覽中展出這幅版畫(huà)。

lithograph['l?θ?ɡræf]: n. 平版印刷品

angst[æ?st]: n. 焦慮;擔(dān)心

Bartrum told INSIDER: "This rare version of The Scream that we're displaying at the British Museum makes clear that Munch's most famous artwork depicts a person hearing a 'scream' and not, as many people continue to assume and debate, a person screaming."

巴圖魯姆告訴內(nèi)幕網(wǎng)說(shuō)：“我們將在大英博物館展出的這個(gè)罕見(jiàn)的《吶喊》版本表明，蒙克最著名的這幅畫(huà)作中描繪的是一個(gè)聽(tīng)到尖叫聲的人，而不是像很多人假定和爭(zhēng)論的那樣是一個(gè)尖叫的人。”

"Munch very deliberately included the caption [. . .] on this version to describe how his inspiration came from the anxiety he suddenly felt as he walked along a path in Oslo, a place you can still visit today," Bartrum continued.

巴圖魯姆說(shuō)：“蒙克在這個(gè)版本上特意加了說(shuō)明，描述他的靈感是怎么來(lái)的：他在奧斯陸的一條小路上走著，突然感到一陣焦慮，于是就產(chǎn)生了這幅畫(huà)的靈感。這條小路你現(xiàn)在還能看到。”

Munch said that the piece recreated the feeling of panic he felt when the sky turned blood red on his walk, according to Bartrum.

據(jù)巴圖魯姆介紹，蒙克說(shuō)，這幅畫(huà)再現(xiàn)了他在路上看到天空變成血紅色時(shí)所感到的恐慌情緒。

"I have no doubt that this iconic figure is reacting to nature's external forces on that hillside. What can still be debated is whether, for Munch, those forces were real or psychological," the curator said.

這位策展人說(shuō)：“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，畫(huà)中人是在對(duì)山那頭的自然外力作出反應(yīng)。但是對(duì)于蒙克來(lái)說(shuō)，這種力量是真實(shí)的還是心理上的，還有待討論。”

She added that Munch was known for creating images that symbolize strong emotions, like love or jealousy. "The Scream" transmits the feeling of a panic-inducing scream with a simple design: Wavy bands in the sky give the sensation of a quivering tuning fork, as a figure covers its ears, Bartrum said.

她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，蒙克以創(chuàng)造象征強(qiáng)烈情感(比如愛(ài)或嫉妒)的畫(huà)作而聞名。《吶喊》通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的構(gòu)圖傳達(dá)出引發(fā)恐慌的尖叫感覺(jué);在畫(huà)中人捂住耳朵時(shí)，天空中的帶狀波浪宛如抖動(dòng)的音叉，讓人感受到聲音的震撼。

"This stylized gesture will always be instantly recognizable to people as despair," she said.

她說(shuō)：“這種程式化的姿勢(shì)會(huì)讓人一眼就解讀出絕望。”