90后花錢“大手大腳”？外媒分析年輕人花錢時(shí)在想什么
根據(jù)中國艾瑞咨詢集團(tuán)的報(bào)告顯示，2018年中國大學(xué)生常規(guī)消費(fèi)規(guī)模已經(jīng)達(dá)到4200多億元，占全國GDP總量的1%。怎么樣，是不是對年輕人的購買和消費(fèi)能力刮目相看呢?快來看看外媒眼中的年輕人到底是怎么花錢的吧!
美國年輕人一般怎么花錢
美國CNBC對此做了詳細(xì)報(bào)道：
According to a new report from Charles Schwab, millennials spend more than other generations on comforts and conveniences like taxis, pricey coffee and dining out.
根據(jù)一份來自查爾斯施瓦布公司的研究報(bào)告，千禧一代(注：一般特指1982年-2000年出生的人)與他們的父輩相比，更容易在個(gè)人舒適和便利方面進(jìn)行消費(fèi)，比如計(jì)程車、高級咖啡以及“下館子”。
Sixty percent of millennials admit to spending more than $4 on coffee, 79 percent will splurge to eat at the hot restaurant in town and 69 percent buy clothes they don't necessarily need.
60%的年輕受訪者表示他們會(huì)購買超過4美元一杯的咖啡，79%的受訪者表示會(huì)去“網(wǎng)紅餐廳”打卡吃飯，還有69%的受訪者表示他們會(huì)購買一些其實(shí)并不是很必要的衣服。
美國市場研究機(jī)構(gòu)Bigger Markets專門針對大學(xué)生怎么花錢進(jìn)行了研究：
College kids spend $27 billion on things deemed to be "non-essential items". According to the study, students ages 18-24 spend $5 billion each year on clothes and shoes, and $5.5 billion on alcohol. They spent another $2.4 billion on entertainment, which includes things like music, DVD and on-demand movie rentals, and video games.
學(xué)生們在被認(rèn)為在“非必要物品”的東西上花費(fèi)了270億美元。比如18歲至24歲的學(xué)生每年在衣服和鞋子上的花費(fèi)為50億美元，在酒精飲料上的支出為55億美元。在娛樂方面花費(fèi)了24億美元，其中包括音樂、DVD和點(diǎn)播電影租賃以及電子游戲等。
看到這里，是不是覺得自己的錢包正在瑟瑟發(fā)抖呢?但是，剝離消費(fèi)數(shù)字的表象，我們再深入了解一下年輕人的消費(fèi)心理，他們花錢的時(shí)候在想什么呢?
The Kansas City Star撰文分析了現(xiàn)在年輕人的消費(fèi)表現(xiàn)：
More than possibly any other generation, this is a group that relies on word of mouth — even if it's from strangers. Online reviews are a hot commodity when considering a purchase. They'll pay for experience over material.
比任何其他一代人都更重要的是，這是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重依賴口碑的群體——即使是來自陌生人的評論。來自其他購買者的評價(jià)在購買時(shí)是一個(gè)重要的參考因素。他們將更傾向?yàn)榻?jīng)驗(yàn)而不是實(shí)物買單。
Millennials are more likely to pay for events or memories — like concert tickets, bar tabs or road trips — than they are for tangible items.
與有形物品相比，千禧一代更有可能為活動(dòng)或記憶買單——比如音樂會(huì)門票、酒吧賬單或公路旅行。
也有媒體深入分析了年輕人所處的社會(huì)背景和經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，其實(shí)年輕人的消費(fèi)并不像我們想象的那么“大手大腳”。根據(jù)lexingtonlaw.com的報(bào)道，年輕人在娛樂方面的花費(fèi)其實(shí)只有他們父輩的2/3。怎么樣，驚不驚喜，意不意外?
學(xué)會(huì)聰明地花錢
大部分國外的年輕人需要依靠貸款來支付高等教育的費(fèi)用。因此也使得他們在計(jì)劃自己的開支時(shí)更加謹(jǐn)慎，因?yàn)樵愀獾呢?cái)務(wù)狀況可能會(huì)拖累你的未來發(fā)展，影響到你以后幾十年的生活水平!
不妨和雙語君(微信ID：Chinadaily_Mobile)一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下國外專家給大學(xué)生的花錢建議。
ConsumerReports.com官網(wǎng)給出的建議是Make a Budget(做好預(yù)算)：
1. Know your cash flow.
了解你的現(xiàn)金流。
People who budget typically do it monthly, but it makes more sense for students to build a spending plan around each academic period. First, tally up the money you expect to have for the semester. It's likely to be "lumpy". You may have a chunk from savings or refunds from financial aid (that's money left over after loans, scholarships, and grants are applied to your tuition, room and board, and fees) at the start of the semester, and some regular income from your parents or a job.
預(yù)算通常是按月做的，但學(xué)生在每個(gè)學(xué)期前后制定支出計(jì)劃更有意義。首先，需要計(jì)算一下你在這學(xué)期里能支配的所有錢，數(shù)字不一定需要很精確。你可能會(huì)有一筆錢來自之前的儲(chǔ)蓄、或是從財(cái)政援助計(jì)劃中得到的補(bǔ)助(扣除了貸款、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金和助學(xué)金后剩下的錢，可以用來支付你的學(xué)費(fèi)，生活費(fèi)和其他費(fèi)用);在學(xué)期開始，你通常還會(huì)從父母和兼職收入那里得到一些錢。
2. Track your spending.
記錄你的支出。
Next, figure out what you spend in a typical month. Look at your debit card, bank account, and credit cards over the last few months to see where your money is going and what big-ticket items popped up. Once you see what you've been spending money on, you may be surprised at how much is on nonessentials.
接下來，記錄下你在一個(gè)典型的月份里花了多少錢。看看你的借記卡、銀行賬戶和信用卡，看看你的錢去了哪里。一旦你看到你的賬目記錄，你可能會(huì)驚訝于有多少錢花在了非必需品上。
3. Identify your needs and wants.
區(qū)分你“需要的”和“想要的”
Now comes the hard part: Categorizing your spending into two buckets, needs vs. wants. Needs are staples like clothing, housing, school gear, food, and transportation. Wants: concert tickets, your second soy latte of the day, beer, and that spring break plane ticket.
把你的支出分為兩個(gè)部分：需要的和想要的。需要的可以包括服裝、住宿、學(xué)習(xí)用品、食品和交通等。想要的可以是：音樂會(huì)門票, 你當(dāng)天的第二杯大豆拿鐵，啤酒，還有在春假期間的機(jī)票。
能花錢，也要會(huì)投資!
如果你想進(jìn)一步拓展自己的財(cái)商，為自己未來幾十年的生活準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)良好的財(cái)務(wù)開端，那么，外媒同樣給出了年輕人在投資方面的建議。
《福布斯》相關(guān)報(bào)道中提到：
Let's say you invest $300 per month starting at age 20 and don't stop until you're 60-years-old. If you managed an 8 percent return during that time, you would have more than $1 million dollars in that account alone.
假設(shè)從20歲開始每月投資300美元，并且一直持續(xù)到60歲。如果能使投資回報(bào)率維持在8%左右，那么僅憑這一個(gè)帳戶你就可以獲得超過100萬美元的回報(bào)。
Now let's say you waited until you were 30 to get started. By the time you reached 60-years-old, you would only have $440,445 in your account. Those first ten years you missed out on would cost you more than $550,000 in returns — even though you only skipped $36,000 and ten years of deposits!
如果說等到30歲才開始同樣的投資，當(dāng)你達(dá)到60歲時(shí)，你的賬戶中只有44.0445萬美元。你錯(cuò)過的前十年會(huì)使你少拿到超過55萬美元的回報(bào)。即使你僅僅少付了這十年的3.6萬美元!
《美國新聞》相關(guān)報(bào)道對年輕人長遠(yuǎn)投資做了具體建議：
Perhaps the strategy's most significant benefit for younger investors is capitalizing on their greatest asset: time. "Investors with decades in front of them have a huge opportunity to take advantage of compounding interest," says Amanda Lawson, communications specialist at Matson Money in Scottsdale, Arizona.
也許這一策略對年輕投資者最重要的好處是他們可以充分利用他們最大的資產(chǎn)：時(shí)間。亞利桑那州斯科茨代爾的Matson Money公司的客戶聯(lián)系專家Amanda Lawson說：“年輕的投資者有很大機(jī)會(huì)利用到復(fù)利。”
She says a millennial who invests $100 a month and generates a 12 percent average rate of return from holding investments long term could have a portfolio worth nearly $2.4 million by age 65.
她說，千禧一代每月投資100美元，并且通過持有長期投資獲得12%的平均回報(bào)率，到65歲時(shí)可以獲得價(jià)值近240萬美元的投資獲利。
看完以上的建議，是不是對花錢這件事又有了更深的認(rèn)識呢?讓我們?yōu)榱艘院筘?cái)務(wù)自由的幸福生活，沖鴨!
