“網(wǎng)紅旅游地”的誕生：英國(guó)七姐妹崖受中韓游客熱捧

EAST SUSSEX, England — To an online travel site popular with younger Chinese travelers, the cliffs about two hours’ drive south of London are a “windy paradise.” In June, a South Korean actress shared a picture of herself at the cliffs, along with a video in which she stands uncomfortably close to the vertiginous edge. And the stars of a Korean reality television show visited them in a spring episode.

英格蘭東薩塞克斯——對(duì)一個(gè)在中國(guó)年輕游客中備受歡迎的旅游網(wǎng)站來(lái)說(shuō)，位于倫敦以南車程約兩小時(shí)處的懸崖是個(gè)“風(fēng)之天堂”。六月，一名韓國(guó)女演員分享了一張自己在懸崖的照片和一則視頻。在視頻中，她站在令人頭暈?zāi)垦５膽已逻?，距離近得令人不安。韓國(guó)真人秀明星們也在春季的一期節(jié)目中探訪了這里。

“When we search for London on social media, it’s the first thing we see,” Hyeon Hui Shin, a 28-year-old tourist from South Korea, said of the East Sussex cliffs, known as the Seven Sisters. “I didn’t know it was so far from London!”

“我們?cè)谏缃幻襟w上搜倫敦時(shí)，這是我們看到的第一個(gè)東西，”28歲的韓國(guó)游客申賢姬(音)這么評(píng)價(jià)東薩塞克斯這個(gè)名為“七姐妹崖”的地方。“我不知道離倫敦有這么遠(yuǎn)!”

The Seven Sisters — stark, white chalk cliffs facing the English Channel — have long been popular among hikers, a hardy, “walking type,” said Fran Downton, a marketing manager at Tourism South East, the region’s tourist board.

七姐妹崖——面對(duì)著英吉利海峽、光禿禿的白色白堊質(zhì)峭壁——一直都很受徒步者的歡迎，是條件艱苦、“徒步式的旅游地”，該地區(qū)的旅游機(jī)構(gòu)東南旅游(Tourism South East)的市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷經(jīng)理弗蘭·唐頓(Fran Downton)說(shuō)。

But over the past two years, visitors from China have been increasingly hopping on trains to make day trips here from London. Travelers from South Korea have now started joining them. And they are largely inspired by the cliffs’ appearances in social media, films — especially the “Harry Potter” series — and by recommendations from celebrities.

但在過(guò)去兩年里，有越來(lái)越多來(lái)自中國(guó)的游客從倫敦乘火車來(lái)這里一日游。韓國(guó)的游客如今也加入了他們的行列。他們來(lái)這里基本都是因?yàn)樗谏缃幻襟w和電影里的樣子——尤其是《哈利·波特》(Harry Potter)系列——還有名人的推薦。

This summer, the burgeoning visitor demographic was clear to see, with people lining the cliffs’ edge, posing for photos. The number of visitors to East Sussex from that region has also been up even in the cooler fall months.

今年夏天，很明顯能看出游客群體的大量增長(zhǎng)，人們成排地站在懸崖邊上，擺姿勢(shì)拍照。即使在天氣較涼的秋季月份，從中韓前往東薩塞克斯的游客數(shù)量也有所增長(zhǎng)。

When Ms. Shin came from South Korea to see a friend studying near London, a visit to the cliffs was a priority.

當(dāng)申賢姬從韓國(guó)來(lái)看一名在倫敦附近上學(xué)的朋友時(shí)，去一趟七姐妹崖就成了重中之重。

“It’s the first thing: I told her I want to see Seven Sisters,” she said, explaining in the blustery wind that the cliffs caught her imagination before Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and even the white cliffs at Dover.

“那是頭等大事：我告訴她我想看七姐妹崖，”她在狂風(fēng)呼嘯中解釋說(shuō)，這座懸崖比大本鐘、白金漢宮，甚至是多弗的白崖還吸引她。

Local officials see the influx of visitors as an opportunity. The local council’s tourism branch is considering adding a visitor center and looking at ways to entice these international travelers to stay longer and explore nearby towns. It is also looking for partner organizations in China to help with promotion.

當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T將游客的涌入視為機(jī)遇。當(dāng)?shù)刈h會(huì)的旅游部門正在考慮增加一個(gè)游客中心，并且尋找辦法，吸引國(guó)際游客延長(zhǎng)逗留時(shí)間，以及游覽附近城鎮(zhèn)。它還在尋找中國(guó)的合作伙伴組織來(lái)幫助推廣。

The new visitors also reflect a broader change in Britain’s tourism demographics. The country’s tourism agency, Visit Britain, notes in its annual reports that young, social media-savvy visitors are increasingly making their way to Britain from China and South Korea.

新游客也反映了英國(guó)游客人口構(gòu)成數(shù)據(jù)的更廣泛變化。該國(guó)旅游機(jī)構(gòu)英國(guó)旅游局在其年度報(bào)告中指出，赴英游客中，擅用社交媒體的年輕中韓游客越來(lái)越多。

“They are independent, looking for something different,” Ms. Downton said. “They don’t want to be herded around.”

“他們是獨(dú)立的，在尋找不一樣的東西。”唐頓說(shuō)。“他們不想隨大流。”

Her agency has hired a Chinese student to post on the Chinese platform WeChat and help reach this audience. On his advice, it switched from URLs to QR codes on promotional literature and started to publicize Chinese restaurants, along with information on where local fare like fish and chips can be found.

她的代理機(jī)構(gòu)聘請(qǐng)了一名中國(guó)學(xué)生在中文平臺(tái)微信上發(fā)帖，以便吸引這類讀者。根據(jù)他的建議，該機(jī)構(gòu)把宣傳材料上的網(wǎng)址改成了二維碼，并開(kāi)始宣傳中餐館，以及有關(guān)炸魚薯?xiàng)l等當(dāng)?shù)孛朗车男畔ⅰ?/p>

It also started providing more information on public transport for the more independent travelers.

它還開(kāi)始為更獨(dú)立的旅行者提供更多有關(guān)公共交通的信息。

“We don’t like to follow tours,” said Shi Yu Liu, 42, a hip-hop dancer and teacher from China. “You may have to leave very quickly. You can’t enjoy it.”

“我們不喜歡跟團(tuán)旅游，”來(lái)自中國(guó)的嘻哈舞者、老師，42歲的劉時(shí)雨(音)說(shuō)。 “你可能得很快離開(kāi)，無(wú)法盡情享受。“

He and his friends had driven to the cliffs, stopping off at Brighton to enjoy oysters and smoked fish. For them, the visit to the British countryside was a wholesome way to escape the frenetic pace of life in Guangzhou, where they live.

他和朋友們開(kāi)車來(lái)到懸崖邊，在布萊頓停留，享用牡蠣和熏魚。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，訪問(wèn)英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村是一種有益健康的方式，逃離他們居住的廣州那快節(jié)奏的生活。

“In China, there are lots of people,” Mr. Liu said. “You can enjoy the time here.”

“在中國(guó)人太多，” 劉時(shí)雨說(shuō)。“你可以在這里享受時(shí)光。”

One of his companions, 27-year-old Natalie Chi, a gallery manager, proclaimed that the cliffs looked just as good as they did when they appeared in the film Atonement. “It makes me feel like humans are so small,” she said.

他的同伴，27歲的畫廊經(jīng)理娜塔莉·齊(Natalie Chi，音)說(shuō)，這些懸崖看上去和電影《贖罪》(Atonement)里一樣美。 “它讓我覺(jué)得人類如此渺小，”她說(shuō)。

The growing number of visitors has raised concerns about the risks of having so many people high up on the cliffs. Last year, Hyewon Kim, a Korean student, died after losing her footing there. Before that, Beachy Head, a nearby headland, was known as a spot where people died by suicide.

游客越來(lái)越多，也讓人更加擔(dān)心，高聳的懸崖上有這么多人會(huì)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。去年，韓國(guó)學(xué)生金惠媛(Hyewon Kim，音)在這里失足墮崖身亡。在此之前，附近名叫比奇角(Beachy Head)的岬角曾被視為自殺勝地。

There is danger of the cliffs crumbling, too. They recede by about 10 to 15 inches a year, and over two months in 2014, about 16 feet of cliff crumbled to the east of the Seven Sisters, the equivalent of seven years of erosion. This August, a beach on the eastern side of the cliffs was closed for several days after parts of the cliff became unstable.

懸崖也有崩潰的危險(xiǎn)。它們每年后退大約10～15英寸(約合25～38厘米)，2014年兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間里，七姐妹的東邊有大約16英尺(約合4.9米)的懸崖崩潰了，這相當(dāng)于七年的侵蝕量。今年八月，懸崖東側(cè)的一個(gè)海灘在部分懸崖變得不穩(wěn)定后關(guān)閉了幾天。

But this took none of the charm away for tourists on the cliff top, who were still able to snap photos with the sea as a backdrop. Friends took turns photographing one another jumping in the air, the shutters pausing only for people to fix their hair. Although this summer in Britain was unusually hot, the wind at the coast was as brisk as ever.

但是對(duì)于懸崖頂端的游客來(lái)說(shuō)，這一切都沒(méi)有讓這里有絲毫失色，他們?nèi)匀豢梢耘臄z以大海為背景的照片。朋友們輪流跳起來(lái)拍照，快門響個(gè)不停，偶爾停下來(lái)整理一下頭發(fā)。雖然今年夏天英國(guó)異常炎熱，但沿海的風(fēng)一如既往地清爽。

The tourists all had a similar response when asked how they knew about the Seven Sisters. “It’s famous!” was the common refrain.

當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他們是怎么知道七姐妹時(shí)，游客們的回答都很類似。“它很有名!”是常見(jiàn)的話。

The appearance there by the South Korean actress, Seo Hyo Rim, came shortly after a visit to the cliffs by the stars of One Night Sleepover Trip, a Korean reality television show. And the Taiwanese singer Jay Chou set one of his music videos there.

韓國(guó)真人秀節(jié)目讓我留宿一晚(One Night Sleepover Trip)的明星訪問(wèn)這座懸崖后不久，韓國(guó)女演員徐孝琳(Seo Hyo Rim)也出現(xiàn)在這里。臺(tái)灣歌手周杰倫在那里拍攝了他的一部音樂(lè)錄影。

In Croatia, one of the main filming locations for the popular HBO series “Game of Thrones” has drawn throngs of tourists, quickly raising fears of “over-tourism” there. Britain’s tourism agencies, who want to capitalize on the growing interest in the Seven Sisters, are also worried about that — and about promoting the place without over-commercializing it.

在克羅地亞，HBO流行電視劇《權(quán)力的游戲》的主要拍攝地之一吸引了大批游客，迅速引發(fā)了對(duì)“過(guò)度旅游”的擔(dān)憂。想要利用人們對(duì)七姐妹日益增長(zhǎng)的興趣的英國(guó)旅游機(jī)構(gòu)也擔(dān)心這一點(diǎn)——此外還有如何推廣這個(gè)地方，而又不至于讓它過(guò)度商業(yè)化。

“It’s quite a trek from London down here and back again,” said Philip Evans, the head of tourism at the local council. He wants to make people’s journey’s worthwhile, he said, but also feels that the area should be “preserved and not ruined by usage.”

“從倫敦來(lái)到這里再返回是非常精彩的旅行。”地方議會(huì)旅游負(fù)責(zé)人菲利普·埃文斯(Philip Evans)說(shuō)。 他說(shuō)，他希望讓人們的旅程變得有價(jià)值，但也覺(jué)得這個(gè)地區(qū)應(yīng)該“妥善保護(hù)，不要因使用而毀壞”。

Some tourists are already on the hunt for more hidden gems. “I think too many Koreans visit here,” said Hye Jin Park, a 26-year-old elementary schoolteacher. “So later when I travel, I want to visit more local places, not famous.”

一些游客已經(jīng)在尋找更多隱藏的寶石。 “我覺(jué)得來(lái)這里的韓國(guó)人太多了，”26歲的小學(xué)教師樸惠真(Hye Jin Park，音)說(shuō)。 “所以后來(lái)我旅行時(shí)，我想去更本土化的地方，而不是有名的地方。”