Children watch the detection of a drug-sniffing dog at the Guangzhou Customs in Guangzhou, capital of South China's Guangdong province, June 24, 2018. [Photo/Xinhua]
Thirty-four new types of new psychoactive substances, or NPS, were discovered in the past year, bringing the total number of such chemicals to 230.
2017年全年新發(fā)現(xiàn)新精神活性物質(zhì)34種,國(guó)內(nèi)已累計(jì)發(fā)現(xiàn)230余種。
新精神活性物質(zhì)(new psychoactive substances,NPS),又稱第三代毒品,指為逃避執(zhí)法打擊而對(duì)列管毒品進(jìn)行化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)修飾所得到的毒品類似物(a range of drugs that have been designed to mimic established illicit drugs),未被國(guó)際禁毒公約管制,但具有與管制毒品相似或更強(qiáng)的興奮、致幻或麻痹效果(induce a similar or stronger psychoactive effect)。此前我們說(shuō)過(guò)的“笑氣(laughing gas)”就屬于新精神活性物質(zhì)。
在毒品濫用(drug abuse)的類型方面,合成毒品(synthetic drugs)濫用仍居首位。
報(bào)告顯示,中國(guó)毒品來(lái)源于境外輸入和國(guó)內(nèi)制造。其中,境外毒品來(lái)源主要表現(xiàn)在三個(gè)方面:
“金三角”毒品滲透加劇(drugs smuggled from the Golden Triangle region was on the rise),合成毒品入境增多;
“金新月”毒品產(chǎn)量大幅增長(zhǎng)(drug production in the Golden Crescent region has also increased significantly),海洛因走私入境增多;
南美可卡因大宗過(guò)境中轉(zhuǎn)增勢(shì)迅猛(international drug traffickers are increasingly using the Chinese mainland as a transit hub for cocaine from South America)。
與此同時(shí),隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、物流快遞等新業(yè)態(tài)迅猛發(fā)展,不法分子越來(lái)越多地應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)手段,全方位利用陸??锗]渠道走私販運(yùn)毒品,販毒手段的科技化、智能化明顯升級(jí)。
The Internet has become a platform for traffickers to collude and make transactions.
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)成為販毒人員勾連交易的平臺(tái)。
1987年12月,第42屆聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)決議,正式將每年6月26日定為“國(guó)際禁毒日(International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking)”。今年國(guó)際禁毒日,我國(guó)的宣傳主題是“健康人生、綠色無(wú)毒(Healthy life, green and drug free)”。
【相關(guān)詞匯】
opium 鴉片
heroin 海洛因
morphia 嗎啡
amphetamine 安非他明
pep pill 興奮劑
MDMA 搖頭丸
cocaine 可卡因
marijuana 大麻
ice (methamphetamine hydrochloride)冰毒
drug trafficker/dealer 毒販
drug mules 毒騾(充當(dāng)運(yùn)輸毒品工具的人)
drug addiction 毒癮
drug addict 吸毒成癮的人
drug smuggler 毒品走私販
drug rehabilitation 戒毒
drug abuse 藥物濫用
drug rehabilitation center (rehab center)戒毒所
drug-related crimes 涉毒犯罪
drug lords 毒梟
drug trafficking rings/cartels 販毒集團(tuán)
drug deal 毒品交易
anti-drug campaign 掃毒行動(dòng)
using/taking drugs 吸毒
drug manufacturing 制毒
drug possession 持有毒品
injection drug use 注射毒品
narcotics control bureau 禁毒局
anti-narcotics police 緝毒警