世界首例 法國(guó)男子“二度換臉”

A French man is recovering in a Paris hospital after becoming the first person in the world to undergo two face transplants.

法國(guó)一位男子成為全球第一位接受了兩次臉部移植手術(shù)的人。目前他正在巴黎一家醫(yī)院進(jìn)行康復(fù)治療。

Hamon suffers from neurofibromatosis type 1, a genetic mutation which causes severely disfiguring tumours and related complications.

哈蒙患有1型神經(jīng)纖維瘤病，這種基因突變導(dǎo)致其臉部畸形并引起并發(fā)癥。

Hamon underwent his first transplant in 2010, but his body eventually rejected his new face which had to be removed.

哈蒙在2010年接受了首次臉部移植手術(shù)，但他的身體最終與新的臉龐產(chǎn)生了排斥反應(yīng)，不得不移除。

He is now in a Paris hospital, three months after undergoing an unprecedented second transplant carried out by Laurent Lantieri, the same professor of plastic surgery who carried out the first procedure.

目前他在巴黎的一家醫(yī)院。三個(gè)月之前，整形外科教授勞倫特·蘭蒂耶里醫(yī)生為他進(jìn)行了史無(wú)前例的第二次臉部移植手術(shù)。首次移植手術(shù)也是由蘭蒂耶里操刀。

Hamon’s new face remains smooth and motionless, with his skull, skin and features yet to be fully aligned – a gradual process reliant on immunosuppressant drugs which, it is hoped, will prevent his body from rejecting the transplanted material.

他的新臉表皮仍很光滑，沒(méi)有表情，整個(gè)臉形尚未與他的頭骨輪廓貼合。這是一個(gè)逐步進(jìn)展的過(guò)程，醫(yī)生希望免疫抑制劑能阻止其身體產(chǎn)生排斥反應(yīng)。

“I feel very well in myself,” Hamon, 43, told reporters. “I can’t wait to get rid of all this,” he said.

43歲的哈蒙告訴記者說(shuō)：“我感覺(jué)非常好。我等不及擺脫這些了。”

His first face transplant in 2010 was a success. But that same year – in order to treat a common cold – he was given an antibiotic incompatible with his immunosuppressive treatment.

他在2010年接受的首次移植很成功，但就在當(dāng)年，為了治療一次普通感冒，他接受了抗生素治療，這種藥與其免疫抑制劑相克。

In 2016 he began to display signs of transplant rejection, and his new face began to die, leading Lantieri to remove it.

2016年，他出現(xiàn)移植排斥反應(yīng)，臉部開(kāi)始損壞，蘭蒂耶里醫(yī)生必須將其移除。

That left Hamon without a face, a condition that Lantieri described as “the walking dead”. Hamon had no eyelids, no ears, no skin and could not speak or eat. He had limited hearing and could express himself only by turning his head slightly, in addition to writing a little.

這使得哈蒙的臉龐被移除，蘭蒂耶里形容這種狀況為“行尸走肉”。哈蒙失去了眼瞼、耳朵、皮膚，無(wú)法開(kāi)口說(shuō)話和進(jìn)食。他聽(tīng)不太清楚，只能通過(guò)輕微轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)頭部來(lái)表達(dá)想法，還可以稍微寫(xiě)幾個(gè)字。

Hamon remained in hospital without a face for two months, while a compatible donor was sought.

哈蒙臉部移除后在醫(yī)院里住了兩個(gè)月，這期間一直在尋找合適的捐贈(zèng)者。

Eventually, a second face donor became available, and Lantieri and his team performed a second transplant in January. 最終他等來(lái)了第二位捐贈(zèng)者。蘭蒂耶里和團(tuán)隊(duì)今年一月為他進(jìn)行了第二次臉部移植手術(shù)。

Before undergoing the second transplant, doctors had to replace all of the blood in his body in a month-long procedure, to eliminate some potentially problematic antibodies from previous treatments.

在接受第二次移植前，醫(yī)生需要在一個(gè)月內(nèi)把他體內(nèi)的血液全部更換一遍，以清除第一次移植后留在其體內(nèi)的可能有問(wèn)題的抗體。

“For a man who went through all this, which is like going through a nuclear war, he’s doing fine,” Lantieri said. He added that Hamon is now being monitored like any other face transplant patient.

蘭蒂耶里說(shuō)：“經(jīng)歷所有這些就像是熬過(guò)一次核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，他做得非常好。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，哈蒙正在像其他臉部移植患者一樣接受監(jiān)測(cè)。

Hamon’s first face was donated by a 60-year-old. With his second transplanted face, Hamon said he managed to drop a few decades.

哈蒙第一次臉部移植的捐贈(zèng)者是一位60歲的老人。而在接受了第二次移植手術(shù)后，哈蒙說(shuō)他成功減齡了幾十歲。

“I’m 43. The donor was 22. So I’ve become 20 years younger,” Hamon joked on French television on Tuesday.

哈蒙周二在接受法國(guó)電視臺(tái)采訪時(shí)開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)：“我43歲，捐贈(zèng)者22歲，所以我又年輕了20歲。”

Despite all the anxiety and suffering, Hamon said he was a happy man again.

盡管有焦慮也有痛苦，哈蒙說(shuō)他現(xiàn)在很快樂(lè)。

“The first transplant I accepted immediately. I thought ‘this is my new face’ and this time it’s the same,” he told AFP.

他在接受法新社采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：“第一次移植手術(shù)的時(shí)候，我當(dāng)時(shí)立刻就接受了。我想‘這是我新的臉龐’，這次也一樣。”

“If I hadn’t accepted this new face it would have been terrible. It’s a question of identity … But here we are, it’s good, it’s me.”

“如果我沒(méi)有接受這張新的臉龐，情況會(huì)一直很糟糕。這是身份問(wèn)題……但你看，現(xiàn)在我很好，這就是我。”

There have now been about 40 face transplants throughout the world since the first partial transplant was performed on Isabelle Dinoire in 2005. Her nose, lips, chin and parts of her cheeks had been removed after she was bitten by her dog.

目前全球已有大約40人接受人臉移植。2005年伊莎貝爾·迪諾瓦爾接受首例人臉局部移植手術(shù)，她被自己的狗咬傷后，鼻子、嘴唇、下巴和部分臉頰接受了移植。