指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)存在致命缺陷 老年人、癌癥患者可能無(wú)法被識(shí)別
Millions of older people, manual laborers and cancer sufferers could be unable to use their fingerprints to log in to online bank accounts, Money Mail can reveal.
據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》財(cái)經(jīng)頻道報(bào)道，眾多老年人、體力勞動(dòng)者和癌癥患者可能無(wú)法用他們的指紋登錄網(wǎng)上銀行賬戶。
Banks are investing millions of pounds in fingerprint technology to replace passwords and PINs.
銀行投入大量資金，用指紋技術(shù)取代密碼和個(gè)人識(shí)別碼。
Most already allow customers to log in to their mobile banking app by holding a finger against a sensor on their smart phone.
如今，大多數(shù)用戶只要將手指按在智能手機(jī)的傳感器上，就可以登錄他們的手機(jī)銀行應(yīng)用軟件。
Others are trialing new credit card and cash machines where, instead of entering a PIN, people use their fingerprint to pay or withdraw money.
還有一些機(jī)構(gòu)正在試用采用指紋技術(shù)的新型信用卡和自動(dòng)柜員機(jī)。用戶無(wú)需輸入密碼就可以進(jìn)行支付或者取款。
But banks may have to rethink these plans after warnings the technology could be fatally flawed.
但銀行可能不得不重新考慮這些計(jì)劃，因?yàn)橛腥司?，指紋技術(shù)可能存在致命缺陷。
Delegates representing major banks at a London cyber security conference were told many older people's fingerprints are too faded for the machines to recognize.
各大銀行代表在參加倫敦網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全會(huì)議時(shí)被告知，許多老年人的指紋消褪嚴(yán)重，以至于機(jī)器無(wú)法識(shí)別。
John Daugman, professor of computer vision and pattern recognition at the University of Cambridge, says: 'Skin dries with age, especially for older women.
劍橋大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)視覺和模式識(shí)別專業(yè)教授約翰•道格曼稱：“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，皮膚會(huì)越來(lái)越干燥，特別是對(duì)老年女性而言。”
'This shrinks the ridge pattern (already quite fine for women, with a spacing of around 0.3 mm), and wrinkles also develop which disrupt the fingerprint pattern.
“手指的指紋脊線會(huì)因此變淺(女性的紋線本身就相當(dāng)淺，約為0.3毫米)，而不斷生出的皺紋也會(huì)破壞指紋紋理。”
'Fingerprints can 'rub off' for bricklayers, stonemasons and other manual laborers — their skin becomes almost shiny.
“瓦匠、石匠以及其他體力勞動(dòng)者可能將指紋‘擦掉’，他們的皮膚幾乎磨得發(fā)亮。”
'Gardeners often acquire a lot of scratches on their fingers, and people who work with chemicals, such as cleaners, also suffer erosion of fingerprints.'
“園丁的手指上經(jīng)常會(huì)留下許多劃痕，而保潔工人等在工作中接觸清潔劑等化學(xué)制品的人群，指紋會(huì)被化學(xué)制品侵蝕。”
Medical professionals have also discovered that some treatments, such as chemotherapy, can cause fingerprints to disappear - sometimes permanently.
醫(yī)學(xué)專家還發(fā)現(xiàn)，化療等一些醫(yī)療方法有時(shí)甚至能讓指紋永久消失。
Jean Slocombe, a senior nurse at Cancer Research UK, says: 'Some chemotherapy drugs can cause hand-foot syndrome, where the skin begins to peel on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
英國(guó)癌癥研究所護(hù)士長(zhǎng)珍•索坎比稱：“一些化療藥物可能引發(fā)手足綜合征，導(dǎo)致手掌和腳掌的皮膚脫落。”
'In severe cases, the fingers can peel, and it's possible this could change a patient's fingerprints.
“情況嚴(yán)重時(shí)，手指也會(huì)脫皮，病人的指紋可能因此改變。”
'This should improve once treatment ceases, but severe scarring can alter fingerprints long-term.'
“一旦治療停止，脫皮問(wèn)題會(huì)有所改善，但嚴(yán)重的疤痕可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)期改變指紋。”
Fingerprints are considered more secure than passwords, because they are difficult to replicate and can't be written down, told to anyone or guessed. They can't be forged like a signature, either.
人們認(rèn)為指紋比密碼更安全，因?yàn)橹讣y難以復(fù)制，無(wú)法寫下來(lái)、不能透露給別人，也無(wú)從猜測(cè)。和簽名不同，指紋不能偽造。
At present, all banks give customers the option of entering a password or PIN to access their money online.
目前，所有銀行的用戶都可以輸入密碼或個(gè)人識(shí)別碼登錄網(wǎng)上銀行。
But technology experts have predicted that firms could do away with passwords altogether to reduce the risk of fraud.
但技術(shù)專家預(yù)測(cè)，企業(yè)可能完全廢除密碼，以降低欺詐風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
If they replace them with fingerprint technology, millions of bank customers could end up locked out of their accounts.
如果他們用指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)取代密碼，那么許多銀行客戶可能再也無(wú)法解鎖他們的賬戶。
Banks have trialed other security measures, such as facial recognition and iris or retina scanning - but fingerprint technology is often favored, as it is fast and people are more familiar with it.
銀行也對(duì)其他安全措施進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，例如，面部識(shí)別技術(shù)、虹膜或視網(wǎng)膜識(shí)別技術(shù)，但指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)通常是最受青睞的，因?yàn)槠浜臅r(shí)短，且大眾更為熟悉。
Nick Dryden, chief executive of technology company Sthaler, says: 'Businesses like fingerprint technology because it's fast - with iris or retinal scanning, people have to remove their glasses and line up properly, so it can take too long.
科技公司Sthaler的首席執(zhí)行官尼克•屈萊頓表示：“企業(yè)對(duì)指紋識(shí)別青睞有加是因?yàn)檫@種識(shí)別方式的速度很快，虹膜或視網(wǎng)膜識(shí)別技術(shù)需要人們摘掉眼鏡，對(duì)準(zhǔn)掃描儀，這樣花費(fèi)的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)了。”
But it's not reliable enough to be rolled out as a primary way of paying for things or logging in to accounts, because there are loads of ways you can lose or damage your prints.
但是指紋識(shí)別技術(shù)的可靠性還不足以使其成為一種首要的支付或賬號(hào)登錄方式。因?yàn)楹芏嘁蛩囟寄茏屇闶セ蚱茐淖约旱闹讣y。
'There must always be a back-up so that if it doesn't work, there is another way of paying, such as with a PIN or password.'
“必須要留一個(gè)備用方式，如果無(wú)法進(jìn)行指紋識(shí)別，那么還可以用另外一種方式付款，比如個(gè)人識(shí)別碼或密碼。”
Dryden adds that using the veins in someone's fingers to identify them is more secure and means people with faded prints will not be left behind as technology advances.
屈萊頓表示，使用指靜脈識(shí)別技術(shù)更加安全，而且不會(huì)因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)發(fā)展將指紋消褪的人拒之門外。
這一技術(shù)的原理是利用紅外線掃描顧客手指的靜脈，然后將這種獨(dú)一無(wú)二的生物特征與顧客的銀行卡相關(guān)聯(lián)。目前英國(guó)連鎖超市Costcutter已經(jīng)率先采用了該支付技術(shù)。
Vocabulary
chemotherapy: 化療
iris: 虹膜
retina: 視網(wǎng)膜
vein: 靜脈
