聯(lián)合國再次升級對朝制裁

The UN has unanimously adopted its strongest sanctions yet on North Korea, aimed at depriving Pyongyang of more than $1.3bn in annual revenues and boosting pressure on Kim Jong Un’s regime following its recent nuclear test.

在朝鮮不久前進行核試驗之后，聯(lián)合國(UN)已一致通過迄今最強力的對朝制裁措施，希望令該國喪失每年逾13億美元的收入，并向金正恩(Kim Jong Un)政權(quán)施加更大壓力。

The measures, which include an embargo on textile exports, a halt to employing additional North Korean workers overseas and a cap on refined petroleum trading that will reduce oil imports by 30 per cent, won support from China and Russia, but only after stronger proposals circulated by the US were watered down.

制裁贏得了中國和俄羅斯的支持，但在此之前，美國提出的更強力制裁提議被淡化。制裁措施包括禁止朝鮮紡織品出口、停止在海外聘用更多朝鮮勞工，并設(shè)置了精煉石油產(chǎn)品的交易上限——此舉將使朝鮮石油進口減少30%。

“Combined with the previous Security Council resolutions, over 90 per cent of North Korea’s publicly reported 2016 exports of $2.7bn are now banned,” said a statement from the US mission to the UN, adding they were “the strongest sanctions ever imposed on North Korea”.

美國駐聯(lián)合國使團發(fā)表聲明稱，“加上安理會此前的決議，如今，公開報道所稱的朝鮮2016年27億美元出口額的90%以上被禁止了。”該使團補充稱，這是“迄今最強力的對朝制裁措施”。

The Trump administration originally pushed for a UN Security Council resolution that would place an embargo on refined petroleum exports to North Korea. But according to the final resolution, Pyongyang can import 500,000 tonnes over the final three months of 2017 and 2m tonnes in 2018. It will also be banned from importing all natural gas liquids.

最初，特朗普政府試圖推動聯(lián)合國安理會通過一項禁止向朝鮮出口精煉石油產(chǎn)品的決議。但根據(jù)這份最終決議，在2017年最后3個月，朝鮮可以進口50萬噸精煉石油產(chǎn)品，2018年則可以進口200萬噸。決議還禁止朝鮮進口所有天然氣液(NGL)。

Washington, which estimates the textile ban alone will cost the Kim regime $800m, is trying to ratchet up the pressure on Pyongyang to boost its leverage ahead of any future talks with North Korea about dismantling its nuclear programme.

美國估計，紡織品禁運將給金正恩政權(quán)造成8億美元損失。美國正在加大對朝施壓力度，以便在未來與朝鮮進行放棄其核計劃的談判之前，增大自己的影響力。

The stakes have increased dramatically this year as North Korea has accelerated the pace of its rocket tests, conducting two intercontinental ballistic missiles launches and flying a ballistic missile over Japan. Most recently, Pyongyang conducted its sixth nuclear test of what it said was a hydrogen bomb.

今年，危險性大大提高了，因為朝鮮加快了導彈試驗的步伐，進行了兩次洲際彈道導彈試驗，另有一枚彈道導彈在試射時飛越了日本上空。最近，朝鮮進行了第6次核試驗，并聲稱爆炸的是一枚氫彈。

“Today we are saying the world will never accept a nuclear armed North Korea,” said Nikki Haley, US ambassador to the UN. “It is alone, it is dark and it is getting darker,” she said of the regime.

“今天我們說，世界絕不會接受一個擁有核武器的朝鮮，”美國駐聯(lián)合國大使尼基•黑利(Nikki Haley)說。“朝鮮孤單，黑暗，并將變得更黑暗，”她在談起朝鮮政權(quán)時表示。

“We have learned that half-efforts against the regime have not worked,” she added, citing a range of other global measures against the country following intensive lobbying by the US. These include the Philippines cutting off all trade with North Korea, Thailand reducing its ties and Mexico declaring North Korea’s ambassador as persona non grata.

“我們已意識到，半心半意地對付朝鮮，并未奏效，”她接著說。她指的是在美國的強大游說之后提出的一系列其他全球性措施。其中包括菲律賓切斷與朝鮮的一切貿(mào)易往來，泰國削減與朝鮮的聯(lián)系，以及墨西哥宣布朝鮮大使為不受歡迎的人。

Ahead of Monday evening’s vote at the UN, Russia and China had signalled their opposition to a complete embargo on petrol and other refined petroleum products. Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, last week said that North Korea would rather “eat grass” than yield to outside pressure.

在周一晚的聯(lián)合國投票之前，俄羅斯和中國針對實施石油和其他精煉石油產(chǎn)品完全禁運提出了反對意見。俄羅斯總統(tǒng)弗拉基米爾•普京(Vladimir Putin)上周表示，朝鮮將寧愿“吃草”，也不會屈服于外來壓力。

In a statement ahead of the vote, North Korea defended its development of a hydrogen bomb, saying its nuclear programme represents “legitimate self-defensive measures” and that the US has revealed itself “as a bloody-thirsty beast obsessed with the wild dream of reversing [North Korea’s] development of the state nuclear force”.

在投票之前發(fā)布的聲明中，朝鮮為自己研發(fā)氫彈進行了辯護。朝鮮表示，其核計劃是“合法的自衛(wèi)措施”，美國作為“一頭嗜血野獸的本性表露無遺，瘋狂夢想要扭轉(zhuǎn)(朝鮮)發(fā)展核子力量的計劃”。

It said it would make sure the US pays a “due price” should the resolution pass, threatening to cause the US “the greatest pain and suffering it has ever gone through in its entire history”.

朝鮮表示，如果決議通過，其將確保美國付出“應有代價”，威脅讓美國承受“其在自己全部歷史上所經(jīng)歷過的最大疼痛和折磨”。