在中國，肥胖不再是富貴病

Exposing their bellies to a television audience while their weight is displayed on screen, obese contestants on a hit Chinese reality show compete to slim the fastest, with a midriff-baring weigh-in a weekly highlight.

在一個中國熱門真人秀一周最精彩的露臍稱重環(huán)節(jié)中，肥胖的參賽者們向電視觀眾露出他們的肚子，他們的體重也展示在屏幕上，他們相互競爭誰是最快變苗條的人。

Thirty per cent of Chinese adults — roughly 320m people — are overweight and about 12 per cent obese, China’s health watchdog said last week, creating an eager audience for Jiangsu Television’s Changing My Life.

中國健康監(jiān)督機構最近表示，中國有30%的成年人——約3.2億人——超重，約12%的成年人肥胖，這給江蘇衛(wèi)視的《減出我人生》節(jié)目帶來了一批熱切的觀眾。

As China escaped from decades of poverty, obesity was connected with higher incomes. But there is mounting evidence that, as has occurred in western countries, the link with affluence is breaking, with lower-income urban residents more prone to the problem.

隨著中國從數(shù)十年的貧困中逃脫，肥胖一度與收入的增加有關。但正如西方國家的情況，越來越多的證據(jù)表明肥胖與富裕的鏈接正在斷開——低收入城市居民更容易出現(xiàn)肥胖問題。

Using education levels as a proxy for socioeconomic status, Chinese and Australian researchers have found that while the better-educated in China’s less-educated areas are more likely to be overweight, the reverse relationship holds in areas with a better-educated population, which tend to be urban.

中國和澳大利亞的研究人員將受教育程度作為衡量社會經(jīng)濟地位的指標，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中國受教育程度較低地區(qū)的受教育程度較高人群更有可能超重，然而在人口受教育程度較高的地區(qū)，受教育程度較低的人群反而更有可能超重，后者往往是在城市地區(qū)。

“Received wisdom that obesity is a ‘disease of the affluent’ in China is simply not good enough,” the researchers write in a paper to be published this month in the medical journal Health and Place. Data for the study was obtained from some 98,000 adults in 2010.

“有關肥胖是‘富貴病’的普遍觀點在中國并不能很好地說明情況。”研究者們在本月即將發(fā)表在醫(yī)學期刊《健康與地域》(Health and Place)上的一篇論文中寫道。該研究所用的數(shù)據(jù)收集于2010年，來自9.8萬名成年人。

Changing My Life’s 10 contestants, chosen from urban areas, are put through a military-style fitness regime while hosts scrutinise their snack-filled diets and probe their family histories for emotional traumas in an attempt to figure out the root cause of their overeating. Every week the one who has lost the least weight is eliminated in an often tearful public ordeal.

《減出我人生》的10名參賽者是從城市地區(qū)選出的，他們將接受軍事化管理的健身計劃，與此同時，主持人們將仔細觀察他們充滿各種小食的食譜，從他們的家庭過往探索參賽者們的情感創(chuàng)傷，試圖找到他們暴飲暴食的根本原因。每周，減重最少的人會在一場往往催淚的公開嚴酷考驗下，失去比賽資格。

The majority of the the contenders are far from wealthy. The champion of the show’s first series, broadcast last year, was low-paid prison guard Zhan Changguan, who shed 66 kilograms over the course of the series. His main rival Gao Chilin was a school dropout from the central city of Wuhan, who lost 61kg.

大多數(shù)參賽者都絕非富有。去年播出的該真人秀第一季的冠軍是收入不高的獄警詹昌榮，他在節(jié)目期間減重66公斤。他的主要競爭對手高池麟是來自中部城市武漢的輟學者，他在節(jié)目期間減重61公斤。

Chinese newspapers have picked up on the changes in distribution of obesity.

中國的報紙已經(jīng)注意到肥胖分布情況的變化。

“The rich becoming thin while the poor become fat should not be a trend,” the state-run China Youth Daily declared in November. It called for more public sports facilities rather than the fee-paying gyms that the increasingly health-conscious urban middle classes are joining at unprecedented rates, while working-class urban residents say they have little time to exercise.

“富人瘦窮人胖不應是一個趨勢，”官媒《中國青年報》旗下中青在線在去年11月的文章中宣稱。該文呼吁建立更多公共運動設施，而不是需要付費的健身房。越來越多有健康意識的城市中產(chǎn)階層正在以前所未有的速度投入到健身房健身之中，而工薪階層城市居民則表示他們幾乎沒有多少時間鍛煉。

China’s growing weight problem — the country in 2014 overtook the US to boast the world’s largest obese population, while the average waistline expanded by 2.7cm among men and 2.1cm among women in the decade up to 2012 — has fuelled an explosion in obesity-related diseases such as diabetes.

中國日益加劇的體重問題促使糖尿病等與肥胖相關的疾病出現(xiàn)爆炸性增長。在2014年，中國就已經(jīng)取代美國成為世界上肥胖人口最多的國家，在截至2012年的10年中，中國男性的平均腰圍增長了2.7厘米，女性則增長2.1厘米。

The ruling Communist party vowed last year to boost the number of people “frequently participating in physical exercise”, targeting an increase to 530m by 2030 from 360m in 2014. The research suggests investments in facilities for lower-income urban residents will be crucial.

執(zhí)政的中國共產(chǎn)黨去年誓言要提高“經(jīng)常參加體育鍛煉”的人數(shù)，目標是在2030年時將人數(shù)從2014年的3.6億人提高到5.3億人。研究表示，投資適合低收入城市居民的體育設施將是關鍵。