Scientific terms in the Interstellar 看懂《星際穿越》 必須了解的物理知識(shí)

導(dǎo)讀：看懂《星際穿越》需要知道哪些物理知識(shí)?理科學(xué)渣們，準(zhǔn)備逆襲吧!

Every work of Christopher Nolan will puzzled the audience too much, for instance, his previous film Inception. I don`t know my conclusion is correct or not although I`ve seen the film for 4 times. The Interstellar is no exception. The famous physicist Kip Thorne is one creator of the team, and the production of this flim has a solid scientific theory foundation which is definitely obscure and abstract.

諾蘭大神Christopher Nolan的作品每一次會(huì)讓觀眾燒腦，上一部《盜夢(mèng)空間》Inception看了四遍，最后也不知道自己得出的結(jié)論是否正確。這次的《星際穿越》也不例外。這部電影的主創(chuàng)團(tuán)隊(duì)中有真實(shí)的著名物理學(xué)家基普·索恩Kip Thorne，有著堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)，而這些理論知識(shí)確實(shí)有些深?yuàn)W抽象。

In order to make everybody understand the meaning of Interstellar, this passage will explain some scientific terms and theoretical knowledge mentioned in the flim.

那么這里為了方便大家觀影，就為大家闡釋一下影片中提及的一些科學(xué)術(shù)語及理論吧。

1、Murphy`s law

墨菲定律

The leading man`s daughter in the flim called Murphy, and she is always complaining about the relationship between her name and the unlucky Murphy`s law.

片中男主角的女兒名為墨菲，而她總在抱怨自己的名字與不吉利的墨菲定律的聯(lián)系。

Murphy`s law is usually thought to be named after Captain Edward Murphy, a development engineer with the United States Air Force in the middle of the last century.Murphy`s law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: Anything that can go wrong will go wrong.

墨菲定律由上世紀(jì)中葉一名美國(guó)空軍工程師愛德華·墨菲提出。墨菲定律是一個(gè)格言或警句,通常表示為：有可能出錯(cuò)的地方定會(huì)出錯(cuò)。

The plots of the film have embodied the correctness of murphy`s law for many times. It can lead tasks to a right direction except messing things up. The hero saved all the human beings with the action of Murphy`s law. We can see from this perspective that the Murphy`s law is a kind of interpretation of probability, and it doesn`t mean bless, good luck or disasters itself.

《星際穿越》的情節(jié)中多次體現(xiàn)了墨菲定律的正確性，但除了把事情搞砸，它也把任務(wù)引向好的方面，最后主角也在墨菲定律的作用下挽救了全人類。從這個(gè)角度來理解，墨菲定律是一種對(duì)概率的詮釋，本身并不指代吉兇禍福。

2、Relativity、Relative Theory

相對(duì)論

The theory of relativity, or simply relativity in physics, usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity.

相對(duì)論是關(guān)于時(shí)空和引力的理論，主要由愛因斯坦創(chuàng)立，依其研究對(duì)象的不同可分為狹義相對(duì)論和廣義相對(duì)論。

3.Lazarus

拉撒路

Lazarus is the subject of a prominent miracle attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of John, in which Jesus restores him to life four days after his death. The name Lazarus is often used toconnote apparent restoration to life.

在《圣經(jīng)·約翰福音》記載的故事中，拉撒路是一個(gè)奇跡的主角，耶穌在他死后第四天把他喚醒。拉撒路這個(gè)名字通常用于意指恢復(fù)生命。

4、Wormhole

蟲洞

A wormhole, officially known as an Einstein–Rosen bridge, is a hypothetical topological feature of spacetime that would fundamentally be a shortcut through spacetime.

蟲洞這一名詞誕生于上世紀(jì)50年代，是對(duì)“愛因斯坦-羅森橋”的一種通俗稱呼，它指的是物理學(xué)中假想的一種天體，能從更高的維度連接兩個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的空間點(diǎn)，因此可以使人類突破光速的臨界，進(jìn)行超遠(yuǎn)距離的宇宙航行。

5、Black Hole

黑洞

A black hole is a region of spacetime from which gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping. In many ways a black hole acts like an ideal black body, as it reflects no light. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass will deform spacetime to form a black hole.

宇宙空間內(nèi)存在的一種超高密度天體，由于類似熱力學(xué)上它是完全不反射光線的黑體，故名為黑洞。黑洞最主要的影響就是其巨大的引力作用使包括光線在內(nèi)的一切物質(zhì)被吸引到起中心，而這巨大的引力也在這中心附近造成了時(shí)空的扭曲，也就是所謂的相對(duì)論。

6、Hyperspace

超空間

Hyperspace refers to reaching the other end of the universe fast through the multi-dimensional space(we live in 4-dimensional space). Hyperspace refers to the dimensional space which is more than four dimensions. String theory (M theory ) predicts that there should be 11 hyperspatial dimensions.

超空間指的是通過多維度空間(我們生活在4維空間)，快速的到達(dá)宇宙的另一端。超空間是指超過四個(gè)維度的空間。弦理論(M理論)預(yù)言，應(yīng)該有11個(gè)超空間維度。

7、The Slingshot Effect

引力彈弓

The slingshot effect is used to accelerate a spacecraft in a planetary flyby。NASA calls this a gravity assist, and exploits it to save fuel in missions to outer planets such as Jupiter and Saturn.

彈弓效應(yīng)用于加速飛船在星際間飛行。美國(guó)航空航天局稱這是一個(gè)重力輔助，并利用它來節(jié)省執(zhí)行去木星和土星等外行星的任務(wù)時(shí)消耗的燃料。