托福生詞的應(yīng)對法則

　　1、根據(jù)同義、反義關(guān)系猜詞

　　Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.

　　A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy

　　traditional與liberal意思相反，故選B。

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　　2、根據(jù)句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義

　　Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing

　　together with them or laughed at them.

　　A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated

　　根據(jù)下文的disliked playing together with them判斷此處應(yīng)為“感到孤立”，故選D。

　　二、利用構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義(利用前、后綴及合成詞猜詞義)

　　1、用前、后綴猜測詞義

　　英語中的前綴、后綴構(gòu)詞頗多，且特定的綴往往表示特定的含義，把握住這一點，可起到以不變應(yīng)萬變的效果。

　　1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

　　overwork是由前綴over-加動詞構(gòu)成，over有“超過、過于”之意，overwork意思是“工作過多，勞累過度”。再如，overburden負(fù)擔(dān)過重，overcharge要價過高，overdo做得過分。

　　mis-錯，誤：misfortune不幸;mislead誤導(dǎo);mismanage處理不當(dāng)

　　mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路

　　under-低于：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

　　anti-反對：antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑

　　下面劃線單詞為常見后綴派生詞：

　　1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty為名詞的標(biāo)志)

　　2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize為及物動詞的標(biāo)志，再如realize, modernize)

　　2、利用合成詞猜測詞義。

　　Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.

　　根據(jù)短語構(gòu)成及上下文意思看，此處partakes in相當(dāng)于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名詞爆發(fā))，set out-outset(名詞起始)，come in-income(名詞收入) 。