The word (or phrase) X is closest in meaning……
在識(shí)別題型后我們來(lái)看解法:閱讀主考詞所在的句子,找出該句與前后句的關(guān)系,進(jìn)行推斷
1) 直接反義:主考詞所在的句子與前一句或后一句是反義的關(guān)系。我們用中文來(lái)看看這種邏輯:XX是個(gè) 人,相反她則是個(gè)內(nèi)向的人。我們從后半句中的內(nèi)向可以推出前面應(yīng)該填一個(gè)外向之類的詞。所以我們要關(guān)注這些表示句子間關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ),如 although, though ; rather than ; instead; unlike; contrast; on the contrary 等
實(shí)例: Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.
3. The word precious in the passage is closest in meaning to
A.Exact B.Scarce C.Valuable D.Initial
假設(shè)precious 我們不認(rèn)識(shí),當(dāng)然一定會(huì)有同學(xué)說(shuō)不用假如,我就是不認(rèn)識(shí)!不認(rèn)識(shí)沒(méi)關(guān)系,我們來(lái)推斷,從Although 可以看出前后兩個(gè)分句是相反的關(guān)系,那么前面一句說(shuō)盡管只是個(gè)頭蓋骨,說(shuō)明這個(gè)頭蓋骨不足為奇,后面的句子一定是說(shuō)這個(gè)頭蓋骨有很高的價(jià)值這類意思,所以不難推斷出此句應(yīng)該選擇C
2) 因果關(guān)系:主考詞所在句與前后句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,我們可以根據(jù)原因推結(jié)果或根據(jù)結(jié)果推出原因,同樣的,我們來(lái)看句中文:xx老師昨天扶一下盲人過(guò)馬路,所以xx是一個(gè)___人,答案一定是個(gè)正態(tài)度,是一個(gè)樂(lè)于助人的人,不會(huì)是選一個(gè)損人不利已的人,因?yàn)槿思颐と瞬幌脒^(guò)馬路,被老師給硬拉過(guò)去了。這種情況是特例,而TOEFL中考的都是正常情況。那么因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志就是:because ; contribute to ; be responsible for ; account for ; since ; therefore ; for ; because 等。
實(shí)例:Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately.
The word gratify in the passage is closest in meaning to
A.Identify B.Modify C.Satisfy D.Simplify
由because我們可以知道,這句話是因果關(guān)系,原因在because 之后,結(jié)果在其前面,結(jié)果說(shuō)的是孩子們通常會(huì)把他們的攻擊性的沖動(dòng)發(fā)泄在他們的父母身上,原因是父母不能 他們的要求。當(dāng)然選擇C ,不能滿足孩子們的要求。
3) 以上是通過(guò)邏輯來(lái)推斷單詞的含義,下面再介紹下通過(guò)并列結(jié)構(gòu)能夠推導(dǎo)出意思的解法,我們先舉個(gè)中文例子看看:
aa和bbb老師跳舞就好比美女與__跳舞。答案一定是正面的而不像少數(shù)同學(xué)內(nèi)心比較陰暗認(rèn)為答案是野獸.正確答案是和美女一個(gè)層面的表示人的詞語(yǔ). 這里說(shuō)明一點(diǎn),并列結(jié)構(gòu)連接的兩個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)在結(jié)構(gòu),性質(zhì)和地位上均相同。
并列關(guān)系詞如下:and ; not only ..but also; both … and; either… or ;neither… nor
實(shí)例:She embarked on her career by working as a newspaper reporter in Wisconsin and soon began writing novels.
The phrase embarked on in this sentence is closest in meaning to
A) took a trip to B) started out on C) improved upon D) had a opinion about
我們可以在這句中看到關(guān)健詞 and ,and連接的是兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),那么動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞是對(duì)應(yīng)的我們可以由此猜出embarked 和 began必然有關(guān),所以本題選B.