黎族關(guān)于人類起源的創(chuàng)世神話

The creation myth of the li nationality is the oral literature handed down by the ancestors of the li nationality in the primitive society,which is the unique national art of the li nationality.

黎族的創(chuàng)世神話是在原始社會(huì)時(shí)黎族先民還不能完全的認(rèn)識社會(huì)所流傳下來的口頭文學(xué)，是黎族的獨(dú)具一格的民族藝術(shù)。

Man is the spirit of all things,the core of the world system.How did man come into being?This mysterious question about human beings led the ancestors of the li nationality to indulge in rich fantasy and imagination,and created a lot of myths that fascinate people today.

人是萬物之靈長，是世界體系的核心。人類是怎樣起源的?這個(gè)關(guān)于人類自身的神秘問題，曾使黎族先民馳騁豐富的幻想和想象，創(chuàng)造了許許多多足以令今人依然著迷的神話。

The legends about the origin of human beings in li nationality mainly include the story of the flood,calabash and melon,two siblings,etc.At the heart of these myths is the creation of man.The myth runs through a common plot:just as the human race was on the verge of extinction,congenial siblings were forced to mate in obedience to"the will of god"in order to reproduce.This kind of mythological content varies from place to place,but the theme and central plot remain the same.This fully shows that before the emergence of human society,there was the period of"pangu opening heaven and earth",and there was also a period of group marriage in the history of human development,which has a high ethnological value.

黎族關(guān)于人類起源的傳說主要有《洪水的故事》、《葫蘆瓜》、《姐弟倆》等。這些神話的中心也是造人。神話通過一個(gè)共同的情節(jié)：正當(dāng)人類瀕臨滅絕之際，順從“天意”，有血緣關(guān)系的兄妹不得不婚配，以繁衍人類。此類神話內(nèi)容，盡管各地流傳不一，但主題和中心情節(jié)是不變的。這充分說明了人類社會(huì)出現(xiàn)之前，有過“盤古開天地”的時(shí)期，同時(shí)在人類發(fā)展史上，也曾有過群婚的階段，具有很高的民族學(xué)價(jià)值。

The creation myth of the li nationality helped the ancestors of the li nationality to understand the origin of all things in the universe and human beings,and it created the heroes who conquered nature.

黎族的創(chuàng)世神話幫助了黎族先民們對宇宙萬物和人類起源的問題作了解說，它塑造出了那些戰(zhàn)勝自然的英雄人物，它用鮮明的主題，生動(dòng)的故事機(jī)人物形象，構(gòu)成了獨(dú)具特色的黎族文化。

The myth hercules is widespread among the li people.Myth says:"in ancient times,the heaven and earth were very close to each other,and there were seven SUNS and the moon in the sky.One night a man named hercules made the sky high in the sky,and the next day he made a very large bow and arrow,and shot down six of the sun and six of the moon for the people.Then the earth was flat,and hercules,with his seven rainbows as his shoulder pole,carried a great deal of sand from the sea to make mountains and hills,and then kicked out the great rivers with his feet,and the sweat of hercules became a rushing river.Hercules passed away when he had done what he had done for the world."In obscuration,human ancestors of the li nationality under the domination of the concept of animism,through the naive fantasy imagination,to generate a romantic interpretation of the world,all the forces of nature personified,hope to have an extraordinary heroes in the world,according to people's ideal,banish disaster,to create a suitable for the natural environment of human beings.The image of hercules,shining with the thought of creating the world through labor,is the embodiment of the bravery and wisdom of the li people.

神話《大力神》在黎族中廣為流傳。神話說：“古時(shí)天地相距很近，天上有七個(gè)太陽和月亮，人類深受其苦，難以為生。有個(gè)叫大力神的人，在一夜之間把天拱上高空，第二天又做了一張很大很大的弓箭，把太陽和月亮各射下了六個(gè)，為民除了害。那時(shí)，大地一片平坦，大力神用七彩虹作扁擔(dān)，從海邊挑來大量沙土造山壘嶺，繼而又用腳踢出深溪大河，而大力神灑下的汗水，則成了奔騰不息的河水。大力神完成了開創(chuàng)世界大業(yè)后，便溘然長逝。”在人類蒙昧?xí)r期，黎族的先民在萬物有靈論的觀念支配下，通過天真奇幻的想象，對世界的生成作了浪漫的解說，把一切的自然力都人格化了，希望世界上有一個(gè)非凡的英雄，按照人們的理想，驅(qū)除災(zāi)害，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)適合人類的自然環(huán)境。“大力神”這個(gè)形象，閃耀著勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造世界的思想光輝，是黎族人民勇敢與智慧的化身。