如何讓您的家做好防范冠狀病毒的準備

如何讓您的家做好防范冠狀病毒的準備

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is telling Americans that they should be prepared for the possibility of a COVID-19 outbreak in their community.

疾病控制和預(yù)防中心告訴美國人，他們應(yīng)該為社區(qū)爆發(fā)COVID-19的可能性做好準備。

But what does preparedness look like in practice? The short answer: Don't panic — but do prepare.

但是，在實踐中準備工作是什么樣子的呢?簡短的回答是：不要驚慌，但要做好準備。

Should I stock up on food and meds?

我應(yīng)該儲備食物和藥品嗎?

The reason to stock up on certain products now isn't so much to avoid potential shortages in the event of an outbreak but to practice what experts call social distancing. Basically, you want to avoid crowds to minimize your risk of catching the disease. If COVID-19 is spreading in your community, the last place you want to be is in line at a crowded grocery store or drugstore.

現(xiàn)在囤積某些產(chǎn)品的原因，與其說是為了避免疫情爆發(fā)時的潛在短缺，不如說是為了實踐專家所說的“社會疏遠”?；旧?，你想避免人群，以減少感染疾病的風(fēng)險。如果COVID-19正在你的社區(qū)蔓延，你最不想去的地方就是在擁擠的雜貨店或藥店排隊。

If you take daily medications — for example, blood pressure pills — make sure you have enough to last a couple of weeks, suggests Katz, as long as you can get approval for an extended supply from your insurance provider.

卡茨建議，如果你每天都服用藥物，比如降壓藥，只要你能從保險公司獲得延長用藥期限的許可，就一定要確保你有足夠的藥物維持幾周。

Also worth pre-buying: fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, says Edith Bracho-Sanchez, a pediatrician with Columbia University Medical Center.

哥倫比亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的兒科醫(yī)生布拉赫-桑切斯說，還應(yīng)該提前購買退熱藥，比如退熱氨酚或布洛芬。

Think about adding enough nonperishable foods to your pantry to carry you through for a couple of weeks, adds Amesh Adalja, an infectious disease physician and a senior scholar at Johns Hopkins University's Center for Health Security.

傳染病醫(yī)生、約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)健康安全中心高級學(xué)者阿邁什·阿達爾賈補充說，考慮一下在你的食品柜里添加足夠的不易腐壞的食物，讓你撐上幾周。

Are special cleaning supplies needed?

需要特殊的清潔用品嗎?

We still don't know exactly how long the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can survive on surfaces. But Stephen Morse, a professor of epidemiology at Columbia University Medical Center, says what we know from other coronaviruses is that most household cleansers — such as bleach wipes or alcohol — will kill them.

我們?nèi)匀徊恢缹?dǎo)致COVID-19的冠狀病毒能在表面存活多久。但哥倫比亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心流行病學(xué)教授斯蒂芬·莫爾斯表示，我們從其他冠狀病毒中了解到的是，大多數(shù)家用清潔劑-如漂白濕巾或酒精-都會殺死它們。

What about face masks?

需要戴口罩嗎?

The science on whether it's helpful to wear a face mask out in public is really, really mixed, as we've reported in depth. (For starters, it depends on what kind of mask you are wearing and whether you use it correctly.)

關(guān)于在公共場合戴口罩是否有益的科學(xué)真的，真的很復(fù)雜，正如我們深入報道的那樣。(首先，這取決于你戴的是哪種口罩，以及你是否正確使用。)

Some infectious disease experts are reluctant to recommend that people wear masks as a preventive measure because they can provide a false sense of security.

一些傳染病專家不愿意建議人們戴口罩作為一種預(yù)防措施，因為口罩會給人一種虛假的安全感。

What to do about work — and telecommuting?

工作和遠程辦公怎么辦?

Now is the time to talk to your boss about your ability to work from home if COVID-19 is spreading locally, says Morse. Obviously, if you're sick, you should stay home. But even if you are well, telecommuting makes sense in the event of a local outbreak to reduce the chances that you'll be infected.

莫爾斯說，如果COVID-19正在當?shù)貍鞑ィF(xiàn)在是時候和你的老板談?wù)勀阍诩夜ぷ鞯哪芰α?。顯然，如果你生病了，你應(yīng)該呆在家里。但是，即使你身體健康，遠程辦公在當?shù)匾咔楸l(fā)的情況下也是有意義的，可以減少你被感染的機會。

What's the plan if you get sick?

如果你生病了怎么辦?

If you show early signs of illness — like a fever or a dry cough — Bracho-Sanchez says you should call your doctor's office but don't necessarily head straight to the emergency room or urgent care, where you might infect others.

布拉科斯-桑切斯說，如果你出現(xiàn)發(fā)燒或干咳等早期癥狀，你應(yīng)該給醫(yī)生打電話，但不一定要直接去急診室或急診，因為你可能會感染其他人。

"Do you really need to come into the office? Can we work this out through the phone?" Bracho-Sanchez says. "Of course, if you're having trouble breathing, if you're dehydrated, that's a different story."

“你真的需要親自來辦公室嗎?我們能通過電話解決這個問題嗎?”布拉喬-桑切斯說。“當然，如果你呼吸困難，如果你脫水了，那就另當別論了。”

Do you have a plan for kids and older relatives?

你對孩子和長輩有什么計劃嗎?

Perl and Katz suggest you start figuring out now what you would do if day care centers or schools start closing because of an outbreak. Do you have a backup child care plan in place?

派厄和卡茲建議你現(xiàn)在就開始考慮，如果日托中心或?qū)W校因為疫情爆發(fā)而開始關(guān)閉，你會怎么做。你們有備用的托兒計劃嗎?

"For example, for me, I'm trying to think about, what if my mother gets sick? "What am I going to do? How am I going to get her cared for?"

“比如，對我來說，我在想，如果我媽媽生病了怎么辦? “我該怎么辦?”我怎樣才能讓她得到照顧呢?”