研究表明，消除這五種危險因素可以延長壽命

研究表明，消除這五種危險因素可以延長壽命

How would you like to add seven to 10 healthy, disease-free years to your life as you age?

隨著年齡的增長，你想讓自己多活7到10個健康、沒有疾病的年頭嗎?

Try eliminating these five bad health habits: smoking, not exercising, being overweight, drinking too much alcohol and eating an unhealthy diet.

試著消除這五個不良的健康習慣:吸煙、不鍛煉、超重、酗酒和不健康的飲食。

That's the takeaway from a new study that analyzed the impact of those behaviors on the chance of living a longer life free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other chronic diseases.

這是從一項新的研究中得出的結(jié)論，該研究分析了這些行為對人們遠離糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌癥和其他慢性病而活得更久的機會的影響。

"We found that following a healthy lifestyle can substantially extend the years a person lives disease-free," said senior author Dr. Frank Hu, who chairs the department of nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

哈佛大學陳曾熙公共衛(wèi)生學院營養(yǎng)系主任、資深作者法蘭克胡博士說:“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，遵循健康的生活方式可以大大延長一個人無病生存的時間。”

"In particular, women who practiced all five habits gained over 10 years of disease-free life, and men who did so gained almost eight years," Hu said.

胡教授說:“尤其值得一提的是，所有五種習慣都能堅持10年以上的女性，以及堅持這五種習慣的男性，壽命都延長了近8年。”

Additional data

額外的數(shù)據(jù)

The research is an extension of a study published last year that followed more than 38.000 men for 28 years and 73.000 women for 34 years.

這項研究是去年發(fā)表的一項研究的延伸，該研究對3.8萬多名男性進行了28年的跟蹤調(diào)查，對7.3萬名女性進行了34年的跟蹤調(diào)查。

That research found women who adopted all five healthy habits at age 50 lived 14 years longer than women who did not; men who were following all five lifestyle factors at age 50 lived 12 years longer than men who followed none.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在50歲時養(yǎng)成所有五種健康習慣的女性比沒有養(yǎng)成的女性多活14年;在50歲時遵循所有五種生活方式的男性比不遵循的男性多活12年。

This new study, published Wednesday in the journal BMJ, examined the same data to see how chronic disease affected the quality of life during the study period.

周三發(fā)表在《英國醫(yī)學雜志》(BMJ)上的這項新研究，對同樣的數(shù)據(jù)進行了研究，以了解慢性疾病在研究期間是如何影響生活質(zhì)量的。

The research was designed to see how five healthy behaviors interacted to affect disease risk: never smoking, keeping a healthy BMI below 25. doing at least 30 minutes of physical activity each day, drinking alcohol moderately and eating a good quality diet.

這項研究旨在觀察五種健康行為是如何相互作用影響疾病風險的:從不吸煙，保持健康的BMI低于25.每天至少進行30分鐘的體育活動，適量飲酒，飲食質(zhì)量良好。

Women who practiced four or five of the healthy habits over the next 20 to 30 years, Hu said, had an additional 10.6 years of disease-free living compared to women who adopted no lifestyle changes. When broken down by disease, the healthier women gained an average of eight years free of cancer, 10 years with no cardiovascular disease and 12 years without diabetes.

胡教授說，在接下來的20到30年中，有四到五種健康習慣的女性比那些沒有改變生活方式的女性多活了10.6年。按疾病分類，健康女性平均沒有癌癥的時間為8年，沒有心血管疾病的時間為10年，沒有糖尿病的時間為12年。

Men who practiced four to five healthy behaviors gained 7.6 years' longer life expectancy; an average of six more years without cancer, almost nine more years free of heart issues and over 10 years without diabetes.

養(yǎng)成4到5種健康行為的男性預(yù)期壽命延長了7.6年;平均沒有癌癥的時間延長了6年，沒有心臟問題的時間增加了近9年，沒有糖尿病的時間超過了10年。

The results held true even after adjusting the data for age, ethnicity, family medical history and other potentially influential factors. Not surprisingly, men who were heavy smokers -- defined as 15 or more cigarettes a day -- or obese men and women with a BMI of 30 or more had fewer years without disease.

即使在調(diào)整了年齡、種族、家族病史和其他潛在影響因素的數(shù)據(jù)后，這一結(jié)果仍然成立，這并不令人驚訝，重度吸煙者(定義為每天吸煙15支或更多)或BMI為30或更高的肥胖男性和女性無疾病的年數(shù)更少。