氣壓的變化如何影響人體

氣壓的變化如何影響人體

Remember when your grandma used to say that she knew when a storm was coming because she could "feel it in her bones"? It turns out that she may not have been as crazy as you thought. Changes in barometric pressure that accompany storms and shifts in weather patterns do affect our bodies, and many people are more sensitive to those effects than others.

還記得你奶奶常說她知道什么時候會有暴風(fēng)雨嗎?因為她能“從骨子里感覺到”。事實證明，她可能沒有你想象的那么瘋狂。伴隨風(fēng)暴而來的氣壓變化和天氣模式的變化確實會影響我們的身體，許多人對這些影響比其他人更敏感。

Do you get a migraine when a storm is coming? (Photo: Andresr/Shutterstock)

Although it's been indicated as a possible cause for everything from changes in blood pressure to an increase in joint pain, it can be difficult to pinpoint barometric pressure changes as the definitive cause for these issues when so many other atmospheric changes — like temperature, precipitation and wind speed and direction — often accompany shifts in weather.

血壓的變化雖然被表示為一個增加關(guān)節(jié)疼痛的可能的原因,但很難確定氣壓變化的原因會導(dǎo)致這些問題，尤其是當(dāng)很多其他大氣變化,如溫度、降水和風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向,常常伴隨天氣而變化時。

Still, enough people experience symptoms when the barometric pressure changes, so it's worth noting. Here's a look at some of the ways that changes in atmospheric pressure might affect your body:

盡管如此，當(dāng)氣壓發(fā)生變化時，仍有足夠多的人會出現(xiàn)癥狀，所以值得注意。下面來看看大氣壓力的變化可能會如何影響你的身體:

Headaches: In an interview with The New York Times, Dr. Matthew Fink, neurologist in chief at New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, explained that low barometric pressure can cause headaches or migraines by creating a pressure difference between the atmosphere and the air-filled sinuses. The problem is exacerbated when the sinuses are congested or blocked for any reason.

頭痛:在接受《紐約時報》采訪時，紐約長老會醫(yī)院/威爾康奈爾醫(yī)學(xué)中心的首席神經(jīng)學(xué)家馬修芬克博士解釋說，低氣壓會造成空氣和充滿空氣的鼻竇之間的壓力差，從而導(dǎo)致頭痛或偏頭痛。當(dāng)鼻竇因任何原因堵塞時，這個問題就會加劇。

In a study published in the journal Internal Medicine, researchers asked migraine patients to keep a headache diary for one year. After comparing these diaries with the barometric pressure changes noted at the nearby weather station, they found a direct correlation between lower atmospheric pressure and the onset and duration of migraines. Their report concluded that "barometric pressure change can be one of the exacerbating factors of migraine headaches."

在《內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一項研究中，研究人員要求偏頭痛患者寫一年的頭痛日記。在將這些日記與附近氣象站記錄的氣壓變化進行比較后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)較低的氣壓與偏頭痛的發(fā)作和持續(xù)時間有直接的關(guān)系。他們的報告得出結(jié)論:“氣壓變化可能是偏頭痛加劇的因素之一。”

Joint pain: Researchers at Tufts-New England Medical Center in Boston surveyed 200 patients with knee osteoarthritis and found a link between changes in barometric pressure and ambient temperature and changes in knee pain severity. It's not clear why a falling barometer would exacerbate joint pain and arthritis, but studies such as this one confirm that they do. It could be that barometric pressure affects the viscosity of the fluid that lines joint sacs, or it could be that it triggers the pain responses in the nerve endings of the joint. Either way, it's what your grandma has been saying for years: Some people feel pain in their joints when a storm is approaching.

關(guān)節(jié)疼痛:波士頓醫(yī)學(xué)中心的研究人員調(diào)查了200名膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者，發(fā)現(xiàn)氣壓和環(huán)境溫度的變化與膝關(guān)節(jié)疼痛嚴重程度的變化之間存在聯(lián)系。目前還不清楚為什么氣壓計下降會加劇關(guān)節(jié)疼痛和關(guān)節(jié)炎，但類似的研究證實了這一點。可能是氣壓影響了連接關(guān)節(jié)囊的液體的粘度，也可能是氣壓觸發(fā)了關(guān)節(jié)神經(jīng)末梢的疼痛反應(yīng)。不管怎樣，這是你奶奶多年來一直在說的:當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時候，有些人的關(guān)節(jié)會感到疼痛。

Blood pressure: Just as its name implies, our blood moves through our bodies using a pressure system created by the heart. So it makes sense that this pressure would be affected by the pressure in the air around us. According to biometeorologist Jennifer Vanos, Ph.D., when the barometric pressure drops, so does your blood pressure. For some, this might mean a feeling of dizziness or even blurred vision.

血壓:顧名思義，我們的血液通過心臟產(chǎn)生的壓力系統(tǒng)在體內(nèi)流動。所以這個壓強會受到周圍空氣壓強的影響是有道理的。根據(jù)生物氣象學(xué)家Jennifer Vanos博士的說法，當(dāng)氣壓下降時，你的血壓也會下降。對一些人來說，這可能意味著頭暈，甚至視力模糊。

Blood pressure is usually higher in winter when lower temperature cause your blood vessels to become more narrow. That's when more pressure is needed to force blood through those smaller veins and arteries.

冬季血壓通常較高，因為較低的溫度會使你的血管變得更窄。這時需要更多的壓力來迫使血液通過那些較小的靜脈和動脈。

"In addition to cold weather, blood pressure may also be affected by a sudden change in weather patterns, such as a weather front or a storm," Sheldon G. Sheps, M.D. writes in MayoClinic. "Your body — and blood vessels — may react to abrupt changes in humidity, atmospheric pressure, cloud cover or wind in much the same way it reacts to cold. These weather-related variations in blood pressure are more common in people age 65 and older."

醫(yī)學(xué)博士謝爾頓·g·謝普斯在《MayoClinic》中寫道:“除了寒冷的天氣，天氣模式的突然變化也會影響血壓，比如鋒面或暴風(fēng)雨。”“你的身體和血管可能會對濕度、氣壓、云層或風(fēng)的突然變化做出反應(yīng)，就像它對寒冷的反應(yīng)一樣。這些與天氣有關(guān)的血壓變化在65歲以上的人群中更為常見。”

However, a study in the American Journal of Hypertension found no observed association between blood pressure variability and barometric pressure.

然而，《美國高血壓雜志》上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，血壓變異性與氣壓之間沒有觀察到聯(lián)系。