為什么適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫δ阌泻锰?/h1>

所屬教程:英語漫讀

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2019年07月15日

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Stress has measurable and significant physical and mental health impacts (a Yale study found chronic stress can actually shrink your brain), and we hear quite a bit about it, as researchers continue examining its long and short-term influence. They've even determined that stress is contagious.

壓力對身體和精神健康的影響是可以測量的，而且是顯著的(耶魯大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長期的壓力實際上會使你的大腦萎縮)。他們甚至確定壓力是會傳染的。

We know that chocolate has very real anti-stress properties, and that eating a diet high in greens and veggies helps mitigate some of the negative physical effects of stress.

我們知道巧克力有非常真實的抗壓力的特性，并且吃大量的綠色蔬菜有助于減輕壓力對身體的一些負(fù)面影響。

But what's not often talked about is that some stress is beneficial. This is not the chronic stress that can hurt you, but the heightened emotional state one feels before speaking in public or writing an important paper. Scientist have found that our abilities peak under moderate levels of stress. And as long as it doesn't go on too long, that short-duration stress isn't unhealthy.

但人們不常談?wù)摰氖?，一些壓力是有益的。這不是會傷害你的慢性壓力，而是在公開演講或撰寫重要論文之前所感受到的高度緊張情緒狀態(tài)。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的能力在適度的壓力下會達(dá)到頂峰。只要持續(xù)的時間不太長，持續(xù)時間短的壓力就是健康的。

Short bursts of stress can be good for you — but being perpetually late all the time probably isn't the best way to accomplish that feeling. (Photo: Stokke/Shutterstock)

A study at the University of California, Berkeley, found that “Some amounts of stress are good to push you just to the level of optimal alertness, behavioral and cognitive performance,” said Daniela Kaufer, associate professor of integrative biology at the UC Berkeley, in a news release.

加州大學(xué)伯克利分校綜合生物學(xué)副教授丹妮拉·考弗在新聞發(fā)布會上表示，一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“一定程度的壓力有助于將你的警覺性、行為和認(rèn)知能力提升到最佳水平。”

Those stress hormones can help animals (and people) adapt to changing environments. For example, we are more likely to remember something if it was accompanied by some level of stress.

這些應(yīng)激激素可以幫助動物(和人類)適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境。例如，如果某件事伴隨著某種程度的壓力，我們更有可能記住它。

“I think intermittent stressful events are probably what keeps the brain more alert, and you perform better when you are alert,” post-doc Elizabeth Kirby told Forbes magazine.

博士后伊麗莎白·柯比在接受《福布斯》雜志采訪時說:“我認(rèn)為間歇性的壓力事件可能會讓大腦保持清醒，當(dāng)你清醒時，你的表現(xiàn)會更好。”

However, when those stressful events are continuous, the opposite occurs and the memory is impaired, she said.

然而，當(dāng)這些壓力事件持續(xù)時，相反的情況就會發(fā)生，記憶力就會受損，她說。

The key is keeping stress limited to a few moments. When we do, there can be multiple benefits, including longevity, as another study revealed.

關(guān)鍵是把壓力控制在幾分鐘之內(nèi)。另一項研究顯示，當(dāng)我們這樣做的時候，可能會有多種好處，包括長壽。

Researchers found a newly described form of stress called chromatin stress triggers a response in cells that leads to a longer life. Although the research was done in yeast, if it has the same response in humans, it could lead to new treatments in the aging process.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，一種被稱為染色質(zhì)壓力的新的壓力形式會在細(xì)胞中引發(fā)一種反應(yīng)，從而延長壽命。雖然這項研究是在酵母中進(jìn)行的，但如果它在人類身上也有同樣的反應(yīng)，它可能會帶來應(yīng)對衰老過程的新療法。