VOA慢速英語聽力訓(xùn)練素材：詞匯故事bread

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VOA慢速英語，作為國(guó)際英語學(xué)習(xí)者的重要資源，通過清晰緩慢的發(fā)音與簡(jiǎn)潔的詞匯，為初學(xué)者及中等水平學(xué)習(xí)者搭建了通往流利英語的橋梁。它不僅幫助提升聽力理解能力，還豐富了詞匯量，增強(qiáng)了語感，是學(xué)習(xí)地道英語表達(dá)不可或缺的工具，對(duì)全球英語學(xué)習(xí)者的語言提升至關(guān)重要。讓我們一起進(jìn)入今天的VOA慢速英語聽力訓(xùn)練：詞匯故事bread。

英文原文

On today's show about English words and expressions, we are going to talk about bread. Now, most countries around the world have some sort of bread in their food culture. No matter what shape or flavor it has, bread sustains people. It not only helps them to survive, but also to feel satisfied and comfortable. Maybe that is how the word "bread" got its slang meaning.

在今天的關(guān)于英語單詞和短語的節(jié)目中，我們將談?wù)撁姘，F(xiàn)在，世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家的飲食文化中都有某種形式的面包。不管形狀或口味如何，面包滋養(yǎng)著人們。它不僅幫助人們生存，還能讓人們感到滿足和舒適。也許這就是“面包”這個(gè)詞獲得俚語含義的原因。

You see, bread and the raw form, dough, both can mean money. In the song "I Get Around", the Beach Boys sing about making real good bread to attract women. And they do not mean a baguette. If you make a lot of bread at a job, your employer is paying you well. On the other hand, if you are out of bread, you do not have any way to pay for your expenses. You are broke.

你看，面包和它的原料面團(tuán)都可以指金錢。在歌曲《I Get Around》中，海灘男孩唱到制作真正的好面包來吸引女人。而他們并不是指法式長(zhǎng)棍面包。如果你在工作中做了很多面包，那么你的雇主就會(huì)給你很高的報(bào)酬。相反，如果你沒有面包，你就沒有辦法支付你的開支。你破產(chǎn)了。

Using "bread" and "dough" this way may sound a little outdated, but you will hear it used that way. So it's good to know. And "bread" meaning money is used in several English expressions. Take for example, this very current, common, and useful expression: "breadwinner".

用這種方式說“面包”和“面團(tuán)”可能聽起來有點(diǎn)過時(shí)，但你會(huì)聽到人們這樣用。所以了解一下有好處。而且，“面包”表示金錢這一用法在幾個(gè)英語表達(dá)中都有體現(xiàn)。以這個(gè)非常流行、常見且有用的表達(dá)為例：“養(yǎng)家糊口的人”。

Even though "bread" here means money, the word "breadwinner" does not mean someone who has won money in a competition. A breadwinner is a person who makes money for others. They are the ones who pay the bills in a family. They support or provide for dependents. So we can also call a breadwinner a provider.

盡管這里的 “面包”指的是金錢，但 “養(yǎng)家糊口的人 ”并不是指在比賽中贏了錢的人。養(yǎng)家糊口的人是指為他人賺錢的人。在一個(gè)家庭中，他們是支付賬單的人。他們贍養(yǎng)或供養(yǎng)受撫養(yǎng)人。因此，我們也可以稱養(yǎng)家糊口的人為供養(yǎng)者。

Let's hear it used in this example: "I saw Elsa the other day. She looked so tired. What's going on? She has a lot of pressure on her right now. Her parents are both really sick, so she is now the breadwinner for her whole family. Oh wow, doesn't she have a brother in college? Yeah, and her grandfather lives with her. So she has to provide for all of them. No wonder she looked so tired. She has to support a lot of dependents on one salary."

讓我們聽聽這個(gè)例子：“我前幾天見到了艾爾莎。她看起來很疲憊。怎么了？她現(xiàn)在壓力很大。她的父母都病得很重，所以她現(xiàn)在是全家的養(yǎng)家糊口的人。哦，天哪，她不是還有個(gè)上大學(xué)的弟弟嗎？是的，她的祖父也和她住在一起。所以她必須養(yǎng)活他們所有人。難怪她看起來那么疲憊。她得靠一份薪水養(yǎng)活很多人。”

To throw another food expression into the discussion, the breadwinner in a family is also the person who brings home the bacon. These days, some people also use "cheese" to mean money. Put "bread", "bacon", and "cheese" together, and you have a lot of money—not to mention a really tasty sandwich.

再舉一個(gè)與食物相關(guān)的表達(dá)，家里的養(yǎng)家糊口的人也是給家里帶回培根的人。現(xiàn)在，有些人也用“奶酪”來表示錢。把“面包”、“培根”和“奶酪”放在一起，你就有很多錢了——更不用說一個(gè)美味的三明治了。

Now, if you are the sole breadwinner for your family, it is important that you keep your job. It would be cruel for someone to take the bread out of your mouth. That does not mean they stole your sandwich while you were eating it. This expression means they took away your ability to make money, your livelihood. That would be terrible for your whole family. If you lose your livelihood, you could end up on the breadline.

現(xiàn)在，如果你是家里唯一的養(yǎng)家糊口的人，保住你的工作就很重要。如果有人奪走你的生計(jì)，那就太殘忍了。這并不意味著他們?cè)谀愠詵|西的時(shí)候偷了你的三明治。這個(gè)表達(dá)的意思是他們奪走了你賺錢的能力，也就是你的生計(jì)。這對(duì)你全家來說都太可怕了。如果你失去了生計(jì)，你可能會(huì)淪落到靠領(lǐng)救濟(jì)糧生活的地步。

A breadline is a line of people seeking food from a charity or government agency. In the 1930s, during the economic depression in the United States, it was common to see hundreds of people in big cities waiting on breadlines. So being on the breadline describes someone who depends on food donations to survive.

救濟(jì)糧是指排隊(duì)向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)或政府機(jī)構(gòu)領(lǐng)取食物的人。20世紀(jì)30年代，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條期間，在大城市經(jīng)常可以看到數(shù)百人排隊(duì)領(lǐng)取救濟(jì)糧。所以“靠救濟(jì)糧生活”這個(gè)表達(dá)是指那些依靠食物捐贈(zèng)維持生活的人。

以上便是VOA慢速英語聽力訓(xùn)練：詞匯故事bread相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望能幫助你提升聽力！