2022年10月29日 VOA慢速英語： 根據(jù)訴根據(jù)

 

Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between the phrases "as per" and "according to."
你好！本周在Ask a Teacher上，我們將回答一個(gè)關(guān)于短語“as per”和“according to”之間區(qū)別的問題。
 
Question:
問題：
 
This is Mengwen. I just wanted to know what is the difference between "as per" and "according to" when writing an email. Many thanks in advance. Mengwen
這是夢雯。我只是想知道寫電子郵件時(shí)“按”和“根據(jù)”有什么區(qū)別。提前謝謝了。夢雯
 
Answer
回答
 
Dear Mengwen,
親愛的夢雯，
 
This is a great question.
這是一個(gè)很好的問題。
 
In some cases, we can use both of these expressions in the same way. But they do have slight differences in tone and formality.
在某些情況下，我們可以以相同的方式使用這兩個(gè)表達(dá)式。但他們在語氣和形式上確實(shí)有細(xì)微的差別。
 
Let's start with "according to."
讓我們從“根據(jù)”開始。
 
According to
根據(jù)
 
"According to" is described as a preposition in many dictionaries.
“根據(jù)”在許多詞典中被描述為介詞。
 
"According to" means "as stated by someone or shown by something." It is usually used at the beginning of a sentence.
“根據(jù)”的意思是“如某人所說或某事所示”。它通常用在句首。
 
Here are some examples:
這里有些例子：
 
According to our teacher, the final paper is due before the end of the day.
據(jù)我們的老師說，期末論文要在一天結(jié)束前交出來。
 
According to my last email, if we do not schedule the event soon, we will not be able to do so until next year.
根據(jù)我上一封電子郵件，如果我們不盡快安排活動，我們要到明年才能安排。
 
It can also mean, "in a way that agrees with." For this meaning, "according to" can appear in the middle of a sentence. For example:
它也可以表示“以一種同意的方式”。對于這個(gè)意思，“根據(jù)”可以出現(xiàn)在句子的中間。例如：
 
The teacher divided the class according to age. Any student born before July was put in group A, and anyone born July 1st or after was placed in group B.
老師按年齡分班。7 月之前出生的學(xué)生分 A 組，7 月 1日或之后出生的學(xué)生分 B 組。
 
The term "according to" is used very generally. The tone or feeling that we get from it is neutral, meaning neither good nor bad. It can be used in both formal and informal situations.
“根據(jù)”一詞的使用非常普遍。我們從中得到的語氣或感覺是中性的，既不好也不壞。它可以用于正式和非正式場合。
 
"According to" is used best when we expect something to have happened, or for setting up meetings or completing requests.
當(dāng)我們預(yù)計(jì)某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或者用于設(shè)置會議或完成請求時(shí)，最好使用“根據(jù)”。
 
This use is most closely related to "as per," so let's move on to that discussion now.
這種用法與“as per”最密切相關(guān)，所以現(xiàn)在讓我們繼續(xù)討論。
 
As per
按照
 
"As per" means "in accordance with." The expression combines the adverb "as" with the preposition "per." Here is an example:
“按照”的意思是“按照 ”。該表達(dá)式將副詞“as”與介詞“per”組合在一起。這是一個(gè)例子：
 
Dear Karen,
親愛的凱倫，
 
As per your request, I have listed all of the items that we need to send out by next week.
根據(jù)您的要求，我已經(jīng)列出了我們需要在下周之前發(fā)送的所有物品。
 
In this case, it has the same meaning as "according to." And we can use it in similar situations when we want to point out something previously referenced. But it is best to use "as per" with more formal requests that have specific times and dates. The term is often used in commercial or business settings.
在這種情況下，它與“根據(jù)”具有相同的含義。當(dāng)我們想指出以前引用的東西時(shí)，我們可以在類似的情況下使用它。但最好將“按”用于具有特定時(shí)間和日期的更正式的請求。該術(shù)語通常用于商業(yè)或商業(yè)環(huán)境。
 
We can also use just the preposition "per" in the same way, as in this example:
我們也可以以同樣的方式只使用介詞“per”，如下例所示：
 
Dear Professor Karen,
親愛的凱倫教授，
 
I handed in the test before the due date, per your instructions.
按照你的指示，我在截止日期前交了試卷。
 
Summary
概括
 
Both "according to" and "as per" relate to what was previously said or done. "According to" is more general and can be used in different situations. "As per" is more formal and is often used for business, especially with specific due dates and requests.
“根據(jù)”和“按照”都與之前所說或所做的有關(guān)。“根據(jù)”比較籠統(tǒng)，可以在不同的情況下使用。“按”更正式，通常用于業(yè)務(wù)，特別是有特定的截止日期和請求。
 
If you are still unsure about which to use, try thinking of the connotation of each. Connotation is the idea, feeling or association linked to a word or phrase.
如果您仍然不確定使用哪個(gè)，請嘗試考慮每個(gè)的內(nèi)涵。內(nèi)涵是與單詞或短語相關(guān)的想法、感覺或聯(lián)想。
 
Since "according to" is more general and can be used in a lot of different situations, it usually has a neutral connotation.
由于“根據(jù)”比較籠統(tǒng)，可以用在很多不同的情況下，所以它通常具有中性的內(nèi)涵。
 
In recent years, especially with many jobs going online, "as per" is sometimes seen in a more negative way. This has led to many internet memes showing how "as per" is used in emails.
近年來，尤其是在許多工作上線的情況下，“按照”有時(shí)被認(rèn)為是一種更消極的方式。這導(dǎo)致許多互聯(lián)網(wǎng)模因顯示“按”在電子郵件中的使用方式。
 
So you might want to choose "according to," just in case.
因此，您可能要選擇“根據(jù)”以防萬一。
 
Please let us know if these explanations have helped you, Mingwen.
請讓我們知道這些解釋是否對您有所幫助，明文。