初中·課本中不會(huì)教你的 242　till, until和not...until

242　till, until和not...until

1　till與until 都可以作介詞和連詞，表示“直到，直到……為止”，在較正式的文字里常用until 。

She was busy from morning till night in those days. 在那些日子里，她從早忙到晚。（介詞 ）

Please stay here till I come back. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里等我回來。（連詞 ）

They waited for her until dawn. 他們等她一直到天亮。（介詞 ）

You can't eat anything until you see the doctor. 看了醫(yī)生你才能吃東西。（連詞 ）

提示

till與until用于肯定句中，謂語動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示該動(dòng)作延續(xù)到till與until表示的時(shí)間為止。

You'd better stay in bed till tomorrow. 你最好躺在床上直到明天。

He lived there until 2008. 他在那里一直住到2008年。

2　not...until 是一種常用句型，意為“不到……不……，只到……，之前……不……”。本結(jié)構(gòu)中，until 前的主句謂語動(dòng)詞如果是非延續(xù)性的，如go, leave, start, return, buy等。該謂語只能用否定式；如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的，如stay, remain等，該謂語動(dòng)詞可用肯定式或否定式。until 后可跟從句，用肯定式，也可跟短語，作時(shí)間狀語。

I can't give the box to you until I see Mary. 見到瑪麗我才能把那只箱子給你。/見到瑪麗前我不能把箱子給你。

People do not know the value of health until they lose it. 人們失去了健康才知道健康的價(jià)值。

I didn't wait until she returned. 我沒有等到她回來。

He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework. 他做完了家庭作業(yè)才睡覺。

The boy won't get up till his mother returns. 這男孩直到母親回來才會(huì)起床。

He will go until six o'clock. （誤）

He won't go until six o'clock. （正）要到6點(diǎn)鐘他才去 。

3　until 可以放在句首，而till 一般不可放在句首。

Until twelve, he lived in the countryside. 在12歲前，他住在農(nóng)村。（不可用till ）

Until the last minute of the match he didn't give up. 直到比賽的最后一分鐘，他都沒有放棄。

4　not until 位于句首時(shí)，其后的主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

比較

They didn't continue their journey until the rain stopped. 雨停了他們才繼續(xù)旅程。

Not until the rain stopped did they continue their journey.

Not until a few days ago did I get the book. 直到幾天前我才弄到那本書。