閱讀判斷分析 專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與答案精講 一

（一）G8 Summit

Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (G8) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.

British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world's poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放).

US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesn't like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (《京都議定書》). Although the US is the world's biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.

French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.

German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair's Africa proposals. Schroder's officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa's problems as "old thinking." Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove they've solved the corruption problem.

Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa. But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova.

Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's priorities are a seat on the UN Security Council, for which he will be lobbying (游說) at the summit. And he's concerned about the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's nuclear weapons programme.

1. The G8 countries include China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2. Blair hopes that the G8 countries will work together to reduce carbon emissions.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

3. India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

4. Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

5. Chirac takes a stand similar to Blair's on Africa and climate change.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

6. According to media, Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

7. Japan will reject Blair's proposal to increase aid to Africa.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

［詞匯提示］

concerted v. 共同的

emissions n. 排放

Kyoto Protocol 　京都議定書

springboard n. 跳板

lobbying n. 游說

［高頻考點(diǎn)］

考點(diǎn)1：細(xì)節(jié)信息的查找和確認(rèn)；

考點(diǎn)2：推斷能力。

［主旨大意］

第一段主要說明了八個(gè)工業(yè)化國(guó)家將于今年的7月份在蘇格蘭會(huì)面，并邀請(qǐng)了一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。

第二段主要說英國(guó)首相布萊爾對(duì)貧困和氣候變化的一些倡議。

第三段主要說美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什不愿意增加對(duì)非洲等貧困國(guó)家的援助，而且拒絕簽署《京都議定書》。

第四段主要說法國(guó)總統(tǒng)支持英國(guó)首相布萊爾的倡議。

第五段主要說德國(guó)總理施羅德仍然對(duì)英國(guó)首相布萊爾的倡議感到懷疑。

第六段主要說俄國(guó)總統(tǒng)普京對(duì)英國(guó)首相布萊爾的倡議感到懷疑，但是他打算資助非洲等貧困國(guó)家。

最后一段主要說日本首相小泉純一郎想使日本成為聯(lián)合國(guó)安全理事會(huì)的成員國(guó)。

［長(zhǎng)難句結(jié)構(gòu)解析］

1. Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting. 這個(gè)句子雖然很短，但是我們得了解這其中的兩個(gè)小點(diǎn)。

（1）here提前放在句首，表示的是一個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的倒裝句，目的在于強(qiáng)調(diào)下文要講述的內(nèi)容。例：Here comes the bus. 公交車來了。我們通常見的there be句型事實(shí)上也是倒裝句。

（2）首先what放在be動(dòng)詞后面，be動(dòng)詞后面的成分作的是表語，故what引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)表語成分?？忌涀?，從句在句子中作什么成分，就是什么從句。例：What he said is right. 此處what引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，因?yàn)樗谶@個(gè)句子作的是主語。

（3）參考譯文：以下就是八國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人想從會(huì)議上得到的。

2. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova. 這個(gè)句子沒有比較難的結(jié)構(gòu)，我們來說幾個(gè)詞的用法。

（1）intend是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，intend to：打算去做……。

（2）aid是一個(gè)名詞，意為“援助，幫助”。foreign aid：外國(guó)援助；first aid：急救，急救護(hù)理。

（3）propose是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，意為“建議，提供”。當(dāng)propose作“建議”講用在it is proposed that...這個(gè)句型時(shí)，that從句后面的動(dòng)詞要用should＋動(dòng)詞原形的形式，這是一個(gè)虛擬語氣的句子。

（4）Soviet republics：蘇聯(lián)加盟共和國(guó)，它在1991年年底解體，分出去的國(guó)家也就是現(xiàn)在的格魯吉亞、亞美尼亞、烏茲別克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、摩爾多瓦等國(guó)家。

（5）參考譯文：明年普京打算把對(duì)非洲的援助作為跳板來援助前蘇聯(lián)加盟共和國(guó)——格魯吉亞、烏茲別克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、摩爾多瓦。

［答案解析］

1．B。［解析］由專有名詞G8以及題目中出現(xiàn)的中國(guó)、印度、墨西哥、南非和巴西這幾個(gè)國(guó)家回到原文，很輕松就可以確定到第一段：Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. 文章意思是說中國(guó)、印度等國(guó)的代表也受到邀請(qǐng)，證明它們不是成員國(guó)。故答案為B。

2．A。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語Blair，我們回到原文去定位，很輕松可以找到答案出自第二段：On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放)。布萊爾希望可以通過共同的努力來減少二氧化碳的排放，故答案為A。

3．C。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語India，我們回到原文去定位，第一段：Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. 原文只是說印度受到邀請(qǐng)，但并未說明印度接受邀請(qǐng)，故答案為C。

4．B。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語Bush，我們回到原文去定位，很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)第三段有相關(guān)的信息：But he says he doesn't like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption. 布什不愿意增加對(duì)非洲的資助，故答案為B。

5．A。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語Chirac，我們回到原文去定位，很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)第四段有相關(guān)的信息：French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. Chirac支持布萊爾對(duì)非洲和氣候改變的相關(guān)主張，這跟題干所表達(dá)的意思是一致的，故正確答案為A。

6．B。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語Bush和Kyoto Protocol，我們回到原文去定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)第三段有相關(guān)信息：The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (《京都議定書》). Although the US is the world's biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem. 美國(guó)是目前G8成員國(guó)中唯一沒有簽署《京都議定書》的國(guó)家，并且目前也拒絕相信碳排放會(huì)帶來相關(guān)問題。題干所陳述部分與原文信息不符，故答案為B。

7．C。［解析］依據(jù)題干的主語Japan和Blair，我們回到原文去定位，不難看出文章最后一段敘述了日本的態(tài)度，但是原文并未提到日本是否會(huì)拒絕布萊爾的提案。故答案為C。