演講MP3+雙語文稿:想讓孩子準備好上幼兒園？我來教你

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【演講人及介紹】Claudia Miner

克勞迪婭·邁諾，早期教育創(chuàng)新者，Waterford UPSTART的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人和執(zhí)行董事。

【演講主題】想讓孩子準備好上幼兒園？我來教你

【演講文稿-中英文】

翻譯者 Cong Liu 校對psjmz mz

00:00

I'm an historian. And what I love about being an historian is it gives you perspective.

我是一名歷史學(xué)家。我之所以熱愛這份工作，是因為歷史使人明智。

00:06

Today, I'd like to bring that perspective to education in the United States. About the only thing people can agree on is that the most strategic time for a child to start learning is early. Over 50 years ago, there was a watershed moment in early education in the US called "Head Start." Now, historians love watersheds because it makes it so easy to talk about what came before and what's happened since. Before Head Start, basically nothing. With Head Start, we began to get our nation's most at-risk children ready for school.

今天，我想把這份智慧獻給美國的教育事業(yè)。眾所周知，兒童開始接受教育的最佳時期是學(xué)齡前。五十年以前，美國學(xué)齡前教育有一道分水嶺，叫做“頭腦啟蒙”。歷史學(xué)家喜歡分水嶺。因為分水嶺讓我們很容易討論它之前發(fā)生的事，和它之后的事。頭腦啟蒙之前，什么都沒有。頭腦啟蒙之后，我們開始讓大部分兒童都接受了學(xué)前教育。

00:43

Since Head Start, we've made strides, but there are still 2.2 million children in the US without access to early learning, or more than half of the four-year-olds in the country. That's a problem. But the bigger problem is what we know happens to those children. At-risk children who reach school without basic skills are 25 percent more likely to drop out, 40 percent more likely to become teen parents and 60 percent less likely to go to college.

從頭腦啟蒙開始，我們?nèi)〉昧司薮蟮倪M步。但在美國仍然有220萬兒童，也就是說，有超過一半的四歲兒童，無緣學(xué)齡前教育。這是個問題。但更大的問題是這些孩子們的前途。如果孩子們在進入校園之前，缺乏基本技能，那么他們中途輟學(xué)的可能性增加25%，青春期結(jié)婚生子的可能性增加40%,上大學(xué)的可能性下降60%。

01:15

So if we know how important early education is, why aren't all children getting it? There are barriers that the solutions we've come up with to date simply can't overcome. Geography: think rural and remote. Transportation: think working parents everywhere. Parent choice: no state requires a four-year-old to go to school. And cost: the average cost for a state to educate a preschooler is five thousand dollars a year.

那么既然我們知道學(xué)齡前教育的重要性，有什么理由不讓所有孩子都享受到學(xué)齡前教育？我們今天提出的解決方案并不完美，并不能一勞永逸地解決所有問題。地理問題：想一想農(nóng)村和偏遠地區(qū)。交通問題：想一想四處奔波的父母。父母的態(tài)度：法律沒有規(guī)定四歲孩子必須上學(xué)。金錢成本：一個州學(xué)齡前教育的成本，平均是每人每年五千美金。

01:47

So am I just going to keep talking about problems? No. Today, I want to tell you about a cost-effective, technology-delivered, kindergarten-readiness program that can be done in the home. It's called UPSTART, and more than 60,000 preschoolers in the US have already used it.

那么我只會不斷講問題嗎？不會的。今天，我想告訴大家一種高性價比的學(xué)前教育，一種以科技為媒介、足不出戶的教育模式。它叫做“伊始”。在美國，已有超過六萬名學(xué)齡前兒童 接受了這樣的教育方式。

02:07

Now, I know what you might be thinking: here's another person throwing tech at a national problem. And you'd be partially right. We develop early learning software designed to individualize instruction, so children can learn at their own pace. To do that, we rely on experts from fields ranging from reading to sociology to brain science development to all aspects of early learning, to tell us what the software should do and look like.

此刻，你們也許會想：“又是一個想用科技解決國家教育問題的人”。你們只說對了一半。 我們?yōu)樵缃誊浖O(shè)計了個性化教學(xué)功能，讓孩子們可以按照自己的節(jié)奏來學(xué)習(xí)。為此，我們召集了來自各行各業(yè)的專家，他們來自從閱讀學(xué)到社會學(xué)，從腦科學(xué)到早教的全體學(xué)科，一起為這款軟件的功能樣式出謀劃策。

02:59

UPSTART puts parents in charge of their children's education. We believe, with the right support, all parents can get their children ready for school.

“伊始”讓父母能夠掌控孩子的教育。我們堅信，只要我們伸出援手，所有的父母都可以讓子女獲得學(xué)前教育。

03:11

Here's how it works. This is the kindergarten readiness checklist from a state. And almost every state has one. We go to parents wherever they are, and we conduct a key in-person group training. And we tell them the software can check every reading, math and science box, but they're going to be responsible for motor skills and self-help skills, and together, we're going to work on social emotional learning.

這是它的運作機理。這是某個州的幼兒園入學(xué)技能檢查表。幾乎每個州都有一張這種表。不論父母身在何處，我們都派人去拜訪。我們?yōu)槠溥M行面對面小組培訓(xùn)。我們會告訴他們，這款軟件可以檢查所有的閱讀、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)作業(yè)。但是他們要負責(zé)運動技能和自理能力。最后由我們和父母一起培養(yǎng)孩子的社會情感學(xué)習(xí)能力。

03:38

Now, we know this is working because we have a 90-percent completion rate for the program. Last year, that translated into 13,500 children "graduating," with diplomas, from UPSTART. And the results have been amazing. We have an external evaluation that shows our children have two to three times the learning gains as children who don't participate in the program. We have a random control trial that shows strong evidence of effectiveness, and we even have a longitudinal study that shows our children's gains last into third and fourth grade, the highest grades the children had achieved at the time. Those are academic gains. But another study has shown that our children's social emotional gains are equal to those of children attending public and private preschool.

目前，我們知道這有效果，因為這個項目的完成率是百分之九十。去年，一萬三千五百名兒童收獲了“伊始”的畢業(yè)證書。教育的效果好極了。我們的另外一項調(diào)查顯示，我們這里孩子學(xué)知識的速度，是其他孩子的兩到三倍。我們有隨機對照試驗，確保了實驗有效。我們甚至進行了長期跟蹤調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們收獲的技能一直持續(xù)到三到四年級，他們的成績是同齡人中頂尖的。這些都是學(xué)術(shù)成就。但另一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們訓(xùn)練過的孩子們與公立和私立學(xué)前班的孩子相比，在社交情緒收益方面是持平的。

04:32

Now, there are skeptics about UPSTART. Some people don't believe young children should have screen time. To them, we say: UPSTART's usage requirement of 15 minutes a day, five days a week, is well within the hour-a-day recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for four-year-olds. Some people believe only site-based preschool can work, and to them, we say: site-based preschool is great, but if you can't get a child there or if a parent won't send a child there, isn't a technology-delivered, results-based option a great alternative? And we love working with site-based preschools. Right now, there are 800 children in Mississippi going to Head Start during the day and doing UPSTART at night with their families.

有些人對“伊始”持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人覺得小孩子不應(yīng)該接觸電子屏幕。我們是這樣回應(yīng)的： 孩子們每周五天，每天花15分鐘使用“伊始”，這完全符合美國兒科學(xué)會對4歲兒童每天使用電子廠品不超過一小時的建議。還有些人只相信實體幼兒園。我們是這樣回應(yīng)的：雖然實體幼兒園的效果極佳，但是對于不能或者不愿意把孩子送到實體幼兒園的父母，科學(xué)、務(wù)實的"伊始“，難道不是一個絕佳的解決方案嗎？同時我們也樂意與實體幼兒園合作。目前，在密西西比州有800名孩子白天去上頭腦啟蒙學(xué)校，晚上和家人一起接受”伊始“教育。

05:25

Our audacious idea is to take UPSTART across the country -- not to replace anything; we want to serve children who otherwise would not have access to early education. We have the guts to take on the skeptics, we have the energy to do the work, and we have a plan. It is the role of the states to educate their children. So first we will use philanthropy dollars to go into a state to pilot the program and get data. Every state believes it's unique and wants to know that the program will work with its children before investing. Then we identify key leaders in the state to help us champion UPSTART as an option for unserved children. And together, we go to state legislatures to transition UPSTART from philanthropy to sustainable and scalable state funding. That plan has worked --

我們的宏愿是讓”伊始“ 遍布整個美國——不是做教育的替代品，而是讓原本無緣接受早教的孩子接受早教。我們有勇氣面對流言蜚語，有能力去開展工作，也有完整的計劃。教育孩子們是州政府的責(zé)任。 所以我們首先用慈善基金，督促州政府推廣”伊始“，獲取數(shù)據(jù)。每個州政府都認為自己的情況特殊，要先確認項目對當(dāng)?shù)睾⒆佑袔椭?，之后才會對我們投資。 之后我們會找到州政府有關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)幫我們推廣”伊始“，旨在幫助無法接觸早教的孩子。我們會一起向州立法機構(gòu)申請把”伊始“由慈善機構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠椒€(wěn)運行、規(guī)?；闹萘⒒稹＿@個計劃已經(jīng)成功了。

06:27

(Applause)

（掌聲）

06:30

Thanks. Thank you.

謝謝。謝謝你們。

06:33

That plan has worked in three states to date: Utah, Indiana and South Carolina. We've also piloted the program in a number of states and identified champions. Next, we're moving to states with the greatest geographic barriers to work the plan, and then on to states that already have early education but may not be getting great academic results or great parent buy-in to participate. From there, we go to the states that are going to require the most data and work to convince, and we'll hope our momentum helps turn the tide there. We will serve a quarter of a million children in five years, and we will ensure that states continue to offer UPSTART to their children.

到目前為止，此計劃已經(jīng)在三個州獲得了成功：猶他州，印第安納州和南卡羅來納州。我們也在一些州進行了試點，獲得了認可。接下來，我們會去地理位置惡劣的州來推廣我們的計劃。然后會去已經(jīng)有早教項目但是效果有待加強的州，或者邀請一些對我們項目認可的家長來參與。接下來，我們會去需要大量的數(shù)據(jù)和工作來說服的州，我們希望用實際效果讓他們回心轉(zhuǎn)意。我們預(yù)計在五年內(nèi)服務(wù)25萬名兒童。我們始終確保在各地提供“伊始”。

07:18

Here's how you can help: for two thousand dollars, we can provide a child with UPSTART, a computer and internet, and that child will be part of the pilot that makes certain other children get UPSTART in the future. We also need engaged citizens to go to their government and say just how easy it can be to get children ready for school. You wouldn't be here if you weren't an engaged citizen, so we're asking for your help.

我們需要捐款：只要兩千美金，就可以為一名兒童提供電腦、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和“伊始”教育。在這個孩子長大以后，將會幫助更多的孩子得到“伊始”教育。我們也需要熱心市民游說各地政府， 讓孩子們接受早教一點都不難。在座的應(yīng)該都是熱心市民，不然大家就不會來了，所以我懇求大家的幫助。

07:49

Now, will all of us this make UPSTART a watershed moment in early education? I believe together we can make it one. But I can tell you without a doubt that UPSTART is a watershed moment in the life of a child who otherwise would not be ready for school.

那么，我們大家能不能讓“伊始”成為早教的分水嶺？我相信只要我們團結(jié)一致就能做到。但是我可以負責(zé)任的說：對于原本得不到學(xué)前教育的孩子們，”伊始“無疑是他們?nèi)松姆炙畮X。

08:08

Thank you.

謝謝大家

08:09

(Applause)

（掌聲）