97 個(gè)體形容詞each/every Track 097
each和every后面都只能接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,我們說(shuō)every/each boy,而不說(shuō)every/each boys。若其所修飾限定的名詞作主語(yǔ),句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞顯然要用單數(shù)形式。例如:
a. Every/Each boy has a gift.
b. Every man is the master of his own fortune.
每一個(gè)人都是自己命運(yùn)的主宰。
但二者的用法也有諸多區(qū)別,具體講解如下:
(1)each不僅用作限定詞,還可用作代詞;而every只能用作限定詞。因此each可以單獨(dú)使用作成分,而every只能與名詞連用,不能單獨(dú)使用
如上面a句可以改為:
a. Each has a gift.
人人都有禮物。
卻不能說(shuō):Every has a gift.*
注意下面句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法:
b. Every/Each boy has a gift. (each用作限定詞)
c. Each of the boys has a gift. (each用作代詞,加of短語(yǔ)。此時(shí)of后面須加限定詞,然后再接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。不能說(shuō)each of boys,而要說(shuō)each of these/the/my boys。)
d. Each has a gift. (each用作代詞)
e. Every one of the boys has a gift. (every不能單獨(dú)使用,而且與of短語(yǔ)連用時(shí),只能是every one of…,而不能說(shuō)everyone of…)
f.The boys each have a gift. (each用作代詞,可跟在主語(yǔ)后面,此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù))
g. The boys have a gift each. (each用作代詞也可放在句末)
h. I give the boys each a gift. (each用作代詞也可放在間接賓語(yǔ)后面)
(2)從意思上來(lái)看,二者有兩點(diǎn)區(qū)別
1) each可以用來(lái)指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的事物;而every卻總是指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的事物,不能指兩個(gè)。例如:
a. Each sex has its own physical and psychological characteristics.
男女各有其生理上和心理上的特點(diǎn)。(性別就男和女兩種,故不能說(shuō)Every sex…)
b. There are a lot of trees on each side of the street. (街道只有兩邊,故不能說(shuō)every side)
2)盡管each和every都可作“每一個(gè)”講,但兩者意思并不完全相同。every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,相當(dāng)于all的意思;而each則表示個(gè)別的概念,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一個(gè)一個(gè)不同的人或事物。例如:
a. We want every student to succeed in the exam.
我們希望所有學(xué)生都能通過(guò)考試。(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體)
b. Each student has his own personal dream in his mind.
每個(gè)學(xué)生的內(nèi)心都懷有自己的夢(mèng)想。(強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體)
不過(guò)這種區(qū)別有時(shí)并不那么突出,所以一般來(lái)說(shuō),我們?nèi)钥梢詫ach和every通用。
(3)every可與數(shù)詞連用,然后再加復(fù)數(shù)名詞,而each一般不這么用
every two days 每?jī)商?,每隔一?br />
every other day 每隔一天
every four years / every fourth year 每隔三年,每四年
In the United States, presidential elections are held once every four years.
在美國(guó),總統(tǒng)大選是每四年舉行一次。
(4)此類詞與of連用
例句
a. Everyone is here. (不說(shuō)Every one is here.*)
b. Every one of us has a gift. =Everyone has a gift.
c. None of us has a gift. =No one has a gift.