英語早間課堂:話說地道美語 Lesson 23(2)之六

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第八、我們可以說tell sb off。In English, it means "to speak angrily to sb for doing sth wrong". 中文意思是責備，斥責，數(shù)落，責罵。我們通過下面的例句來熟悉這個習語的意思。

例句1：I told boys off for making so much noise. 孩子太吵了，我把他們訓斥了一頓。

注解：Tell sb off for doing sth( sth) 意思是因......而斥責......再如：My boss told me off for my careless work so I were in a bd mood. 我工作粗心，上司把我責罵了一頓，所以我心情不好。

例句2： I heard that Jane has told on you to o the teacher for your cheating in the exam. And did your teacher tell you off? 我聽說簡向老師打了你的小報告，說你在考試中作弊，你給老師罵了嗎?

注解：tell on是告發(fā)某人，打某人的小報告，告某人的狀的意思。例如：I'm late for work- don't tell on me! 我上班遲到了，不要打我的小報告啊!Don't you tell on each other? 你們彼此不告密?

此外，tell on還有“影響到”的意思。例如：In the last stage of the race, her tiredness began to tell on her. 在賽跑的沖刺階段，她開始顯得筋疲力盡了。Sleeplessness is sure to tell on your health. 失眠肯定會影響你的健康。Smoking will tell on you when you're getting old. 你上年紀時就會感受到吸煙的影響了。

下面我們來看tell off這個短語作為責備這個意思的變異形式的短語。

1. Give sb a telling-off

這里就是把tell off中的tell加上ing變?yōu)閯用~再用連字符將副詞off連接起來成為名詞，即：telling-off。It means " the act of speaking angrily to sb, especially a child, because they have done sth bad". 要強調(diào)一點的是這個詞只用于單數(shù)形式，不用復數(shù)形式。因此，不能說telling-offs，give sb telling-offs。我們來看2個例句：I don't give people a telling off unless I'm really angry. 除非我很生氣，我平常不會罵人。Don't give your boss a telling-off, even if you think he deserves it. 即使你認為你的上司該罵，也不要責罵你的上司。

2. Get (be)told off 挨罵，遭罵

這個短語的變異其實就是在語態(tài)上進行變化而來，這個就是被動語態(tài)。我們來看2個例句：You'll get told off if you're caught doing that. 要是發(fā)現(xiàn)你做那種事，你就得挨罵。You will be told off for being a cheater. 你騙人要遭罵的。

Tell sb off除了有“責備”的意思，還有“分派”“指派”的意思。例如：A small party of men were told off for burial duty. 一小組人被分派去執(zhí)行掩埋的任務(wù)。Ten soldiers were told off to dig ditches. 十名戰(zhàn)士被分派去挖溝。