高中語法專練：iii. 不定式、動名詞、分詞作表語

iii. 不定式、動名詞、分詞作表語

1. 不定式、動名詞作表語相當(dāng)于名詞，主語和表語是對等關(guān)系，位置可顛倒。分詞作表語相當(dāng)于形容詞，說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)，是從屬于主語的，主表位置不能顛倒。

Her job is taking care of the children.

她的工作是照料孩子。

Our duty is to train these students.

我們的職責(zé)是訓(xùn)練這些學(xué)生。

His report is very interesting .

他的報告很有趣。

I am pleased at the news.

我很高興聽到這個消息。

2. 不定式、動名詞作表語比較：不定式作表語往往表示將來的行為；動名詞作表語不受時間的限制。

My idea is to go there this morning.

我的想法是今天早上去那里。

Their work is producing TV sets .

他們的工作是生產(chǎn)電視機。

3. 動名詞作表語時主語往往是抽象名詞work, job, aim, duty, habit, news, task, wish, pleasure, idea, hope等，表語進一步說明主語的具體內(nèi)容。

My hobby is sleeping .

我的業(yè)余愛好是睡覺。

My aim is being a university student .

我的目標是成為一名大學(xué)生。

4. 分詞作表語時其邏輯主語就是整個句子的主語，其區(qū)別在于：

1）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時主語多是物，表語用來說明主語的性質(zhì)，特征，意為“令人……的”

The film is quite moving .

這部電影很感人。

The news is surprising .

這個消息很令人吃驚。

2）過去分詞作表語時主語多是人，表語多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)：

She looked disappointed .

她看上去很失望。

We were all moved at his words.

我們都對他的話很感動。

3）注意這些詞的過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞在意義上的不同：interest, move, worry, please, disappoint,　surprise, astonish, excite, touch, frighten。

I was interested in the interesting stories.

我對這些有趣的故事很感興趣。

專項練習(xí)

1. Do you consider it any good _______ again?

A. to try

B. try

C. trying

D. for you to try

2. I don't think it's much good _______ to him.

A. writing

B. to write

C. to be written

D. being written

3. _______ the assignment made his father lose his temper.

A. The boy's not having done

B. The boy not having done

C. The boy's having not done

D. The boy having not done

4. I don't remember _______ about it.

A. him telling us

B. his telling us

C. him to tell us

D. he tells us

5. Her wish is _______ an engineer.

A. becoming

B. become

C. to become

D. being come

6. Some people's greatest pleasure is _______.

A. fishing

B. to fish

C. to be fishing

D. being fish

7. The report was so _______ that they were all _______.

A. inspiring; exciting

B. inspiring; excited

C. inspired; excited

D. inspired; exciting

8. —You look pale.

—I feel a little _______.

A. tire

B. tired

C. tiring

D. tiresome

9. He seems _______ here for three years.

A. to be living

B. to have lived

C. to have been lived

D. to live

10. —What's made you so upset?

—_______ three tickets to the pop music concert.

A. Lost

B. Losing

C. Because of losing

D. Since I lost

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