英語(yǔ)短文名人故事 哲學(xué)思想家 第19期:孔子
Confucius 孔子
Zhuangzi once characterized Confucius as saying, 莊子曾經(jīng)這樣描述孔子：
"You may forget me as I once was, but there is something unforgettable about me that will still live on." "雖忘乎故吾，吾有不忘者存。"
This prediction remains accurate as Confucius' words still live on today and have been quoted by people down through the ages. 這個(gè)預(yù)言在今天得到證實(shí)，因?yàn)榭鬃拥慕鹩窳佳允朗来鱾鳎两袢藗內(nèi)栽诓粩嘁谩?/p>
Because of the writings and teachings he left behind,Confucius is considered one of history's wisest men. 他遺留下來(lái)的著作與學(xué)說，使其公認(rèn)為史上最有智慧的人士之一。
When he was bom in 551 B.C. in Lu, China, the baby who would someday be called Kong Fuzi was named Kong Qiu. 公元前551年，孔子誕生于魯國(guó)，這名未來(lái)的"孔夫子"被取名為"孔丘"。
Confucius' father, Kong Shulianghe, was a descendant of the royal family of Shang and had at one time been governor of the town of Zou. 孔子的父親孔叔梁紇為商朝王室后裔，也曾治理過鄒邑。
When Kong Qiu was three years old, his father died, leaving the child and his young mother in poverty. 孔丘3歲時(shí)，父親去世，獨(dú)留他與年紀(jì)尚輕的母親貧苦度日。
As Kong Qiu grew older, their financial situation required him to take on menial jobs such as caring for livestock. 孔丘漸漸長(zhǎng)大了，因?yàn)榧抑薪?jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)，他不得不從事卑微的工作，如看牲畜。
He became known as a polite, smart and hard-working young man with an insatiable desire to learn. 后來(lái)他成為大家眼中有禮貌、聰明勤奮、好學(xué)上進(jìn)的年輕人，而且有著永無(wú)止境的求知欲。
This thirst for knowledge would push him toward a life of learning and teaching others. 求知若渴促使孔子一生都在學(xué)習(xí)和教導(dǎo)他人。
Confucius married when he was 19，had a son and two daughters, and continued working assorted jobs, including several in his local government. 孔子19歲結(jié)婚，有一個(gè)兒子和兩個(gè)女兒。他不斷嘗試各種工作，也曾在地方政府做過幾件差事。
Around the age of 30， Confucius began his teaching career, 30歲左右，孔子開始以教學(xué)為業(yè)，
sometimes traveling from town to town while teaching a group of students who accompanied him. 有時(shí)遍訪各邑，同時(shí)教導(dǎo)跟隨他的一群學(xué)生。
As a result, it didn't take long for his principles to spread and for others to begin recognizing him for the wise sage that he was. 結(jié)果沒過多久，他的信條就傳布開來(lái)，世人開始把孔子視為智慧大師和圣人。
Confucius became increasingly distressed by the political corruption and disorder in society, 孔子對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的政治腐敗與社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩越來(lái)越感到痛心，
so he decided to get involved in politics, hoping to make a change. 于是決定涉足政治，以期改變現(xiàn)狀。
But after tens of years of trying, he failed in persuading even one ruler to practice his moral doctrines. 但是經(jīng)過十幾年的努力和嘗試，沒有一位君主接受勸服并采用他的道德學(xué)說。
Yet Confticius never faltered in his belief that the most important task of any ruler was to work for the welfare and happiness of his people. 然而孔子從不懷疑自己的信念：君主最重要的任務(wù)就是為人民謀福祉。
He spent the rest years of his life studying, writing and teaching his ever-expanding group of students. 孔子的余年致力于研究、寫作，教導(dǎo)不斷增加的學(xué)生。
It's been said that up to 3,000 men may have studied with Confucius. 據(jù)說有3, 000名學(xué)生曾受教于孔子。
Sadly, Confucius' last years were unhappy. 令人難過的是，孔子晚年并不幸福。
One morning in 479 B.C., the sage died in bed. 公元前479年的一天早晨，這位圣人在臥榻上辭世。
His followers buried him with great ceremony, built huts close to his grave, and spent the next three years there in mournful respect. 他的追隨者舉行了儀式隆重的葬禮，并在他的墓旁搭建茅屋，為他守喪3年。
