CNN News: 太空旅行會對旅行者的身體產生什么樣的影響

There’s been a lot of talk about space travel in the news, a new mission to the moon, future missions to Mars, spacecraft that have traveled much further away than the red planet. But beyond what’s technologically possible, what’s physically possible? Scientists are studying what kind of effects space travel could have on the bodies of human space travelers.

有很多關于太空旅行的新聞，新的登月任務，未來登上火星的任務，比火星旅行更遠的宇宙飛船。但除了技術上的可能性之外，還有生理上的可能性?科學家們正在研究太空旅行會對人類太空旅行者的身體產生什么樣的影響。

Think about this, in six months, the average amount of time an astronaut spends onboard the International Space Station, you could never leave your spacecraft. You can’t go outside. You can’t feel raindrops or soak in the sun.

在半年的時間里，想想宇航員在國際空間站上花費的平均時間，因為他們永遠不能離開飛船。你不能出去。你不能感覺到雨滴或在陽光下浸泡。

And your body changes. Astronauts have reported problems with their vision after working in orbit. They’ve experienced back pain and weakened muscles after missions. They’re exposed to more radiation in space than they are on Earth, increasing their risks for developing cancer. And this is for a trip that lasts half a year.

你的身體變化。宇航員在太空上工作后，報告了他們的視力問題。他們在執(zhí)行任務后經歷了背部疼痛和肌肉衰弱。在太空中比在地球上接受更多的輻射，增加了他們患癌癥的風險。這是一次為期半年的旅行。

NASA astronaut Scott Kelly spent almost twice that amount in orbit.

NASA宇航員斯科特·凱利在太空上的花費幾乎是這個數字的兩倍。

Preliminary results indicate that there were some changes in Scott’s genetic expression, how his genes do their work within cells and even in after two years on Earth, they still haven’t returned to where they were before he took off. That’s just one lesson learned in NASA’s "Twins Study", which allowed the organization to compare Scott Kelly’s health with that of his identical twin brother Mark who stayed on Earth.

初步結果表明,有一些斯科特的基因表達的變化,他的基因如何在細胞內工作甚至在地球上的兩年之后,基因仍然沒恢復原來的狀態(tài)。這是美國宇航局的“雙胞胎研究”得出的一個教訓,這使得該機構可以將斯科特凱利的健康與他在地球上的的雙胞胎哥哥馬克的健康進行比較。