① lack常和抽象名詞如 time,money,fund,experience,ability,courage 等連用。
He failed in the exam not for lack of ability but(for lack)of experience. 他沒(méi)有考及格,并非能力不濟(jì),而是經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。
② absence指缺席,缺少,往往指在特定時(shí)間內(nèi)的情況。
The lecturer spoke in the absence of a script/first-hand material. 演講人在沒(méi)有手稿/第一手資料情況下發(fā)表見(jiàn)解。
③ shortage常表示數(shù)量上的不足。
The building of the bridge came to a halt for a shortage of 20 tons of cement and 100 tons of fine sand. 造橋停了下來(lái),因?yàn)槿?0噸水泥和100噸細(xì)砂。
Northerners eat wheat not for a lack/shortage of rice but for their preference. 北方人吃小麥不是因?yàn)槿贝竺?,而是因?yàn)槠鋹?ài)好。